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-based materials; A View on valence-fluctuating EuIr
SiUsachov, D. Yu*; Tarasov, A. V.*; Schulz, S.*; Bokai, K. A.*; Tupitsyn, I. I.*; Poelchen, G.*; Seiro, S.*; Caroca-Canales, N.*; Kliemt, K.*; Mende, M.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 102(20), p.205102_1 - 205102_11, 2020/11
被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：53.43(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Using photoelectron diffraction (PED) and magnetic dichroism measurements, we explore the electronic and magnetic properties of the near-surface region of the valence-fluctuating material EuIrSi. We present and discuss the methodology for modeling of the 4 photoemission spectra, PED patterns and magnetic dichroism for rare-earth-based materials. For the Eu-terminated surface we found that the topmost Eu layer is divalent and exhibits a ferromagnetic order below 10 K. The valency of the next Eu layer, that is the 5th atomic layer, is about 2.8 at low temperature that is close to the valency in the bulk. The properties of the Si-terminated surface are drastically different. The first subsurface Eu layer (4th atomic layer below the surface) behaves divalently and orders ferromagnetically at much higher temperature. Experimental data indicate, however, that there is an admixture of trivalent Eu in this layer, resulting in its valency of about 2.1. The next deeper lying Eu layer (8th atomic layer below the surface) behaves mixed-valently, but the estimated valency of 2.4 is notably lower than the value in the bulk. The obtained results create a background for further studies of exotic surface properties of 4-based materials, and allow to derive information related to valency and magnetism of individual rare-earth layers in a rather extended area near the surface.
Matheus Carnevali, P. B.*; Schulz, F.*; Castelle, C. J.*; Kantor, R. S.*; Shih, P.*; Sharon, I.*; Santini, J.*; Olm, M. R.*; 天野 由記; Thomas, B. C.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 10, p.463_1 - 463_15, 2019/01
被引用回数：35 パーセンタイル：86.04(Multidisciplinary Sciences)The metabolic platform in which microbial aerobic respiration evolved is tightly linked to the origins of Cyanobacteria (Oxyphotobacteria). Melainabacteria and Sericytochromatia, close phylogenetic neighbores to Oxyphotobacteria comprise both fermentative and aerobic representatives, or clades that are capablee of both. Here, we predict the metabolisms of Margulisbacteria from two distinct environments and Saganbacteria, and compare them to genomes of organisms from the related lineages. Melainabacteria BJ4A obtained from Mizunami site are potentially able to use O
and other terminal electron acceptors. The type C heme-copper oxygen reductase found in Melainabacteria BJ4A may be adapted to low O levels, as expected for microaerophilic or anoxic environments such as the subsurface. Notably, Melainabacteria BJ4A seems to have a branched electron transport chain, with one branch leading to a cytochrome d ubiquinol oxidoreductase and the other one leading to the type C heme-copper oxygen reductase. Both these enzymes have high affinity for O, thus are adapted to low O levels. These contemporary lineages have representatives with fermentative H-based metabolism, lineages capable of aerobic or anaerobic respiration, and lineages with both. Our findings support the idea that the ancestor of these lineages was an anaerobe in which fermentation and H metabolism were central metabolic features.
Pb for the evaluation of the neutron capture cross section of 
Pb静間 俊行; 岩本 信之; 牧永 あや乃*; Massarczyk, R.*; Schwengner, R.*; Beyer, R.*; Bemmerer, D.*; Dietz, M.*; Junghans, A.*; K
gler, T.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 98(6), p.064317_1 - 064317_12, 2018/12
被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：61.97(Physics, Nuclear)Pbの双極子強度分布を核共鳴蛍光散乱実験によって調べた。実験はHZDRの線形加速器ELBEにおいて、10.5MeVの電子ビームにより生成された制動放射を使って行われた。その結果、3.7から8.2MeVの励起エネルギーにおいて88本の励起状態を識別した。測定解析で得られた散乱断面積と
線崩壊分岐比から光吸収断面積を導出し、既存の(,
)反応断面積と併せて核反応モデルコードCCONEにより光核反応断面積を評価した。これらの評価で得たPbに対する物理情報を基にして、不安定なPbの中性子捕獲断面積を導出した。
Gepr
gs, S.*; Kehlberger, A.*; Coletta, F.*; Qiu, Z.*; Guo, E.-J.*; Schulz, T.*; Mix, C.*; Meyer, S.*; Kamra, A.*; Althammer, M.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 7, p.10452_1 - 10452_6, 2016/02
被引用回数：152 パーセンタイル：97.33(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Magnons are the elementary excitations of a magnetically ordered system. Here, we show that the spin Seebeck effect is sensitive to the complexities of the magnon spectrum. The spin Seebeck effect is caused by a thermally excited spin dynamics that is converted to a voltage by the inverse spin Hall effect at the interface to a heavy metal contact. By investigating the temperature dependence of the spin Seebeck effect in the ferrimagnet gadlinium iron garnet, with a magnetic compensation point near room temperature, we demonstrate that high-energy exchange magnons play a key role in the spin Seebeck effect.
静間 俊行*; 岩本 信之; 牧永 あや乃*; Schwengner, R.*; Beyer, R.*; Bemmerer, D.*; Dietz, M.*; Junghans, A.*; Koegler, T.*; Ludwig, F.*; et al.
no journal, ,
鉛, ビスマス同位体は加速器駆動システム(ADS)においてターゲットとして使用されるため、システムの設計には、鉛、ビスマス同位体の中性子断面積データが必要である。鉛同位体のうち、不安定核Pb-205(半減期1.73
10
年)は、安定核Pb-204の中性子捕獲によって生成され、中性子捕獲によりPb-206となるが、その中性子捕獲断面積はよく分かっていない。本研究では、中性子捕獲断面積の計算で重要となる線強度関数に制限を与えるために、ドイツ・ドレスデン-ロッセンドルフ研究所(HZDR)の制動放射線施設においてPb-206の核共鳴蛍光散乱実験を実施し、エネルギースペクトルを測定した。その結果、励起エネルギーが3.7から8.2MeVの領域において、88本の共鳴準位を観測し、それぞれに対して散乱強度を得た。講演では、実験手法及び解析結果に加えて、得られた散乱強度から求めた線吸収断面積やPb-205の中性子捕獲断面積の評価結果について報告する。
