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Usami, Hiroshi; Ito, Rintaro; Tagawa, Akihiro
JAEA-Review 2024-045, 49 Pages, 2024/12
JAEA-Review-2024-045.pdf:13.38MB
The decommissioning of the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station is a long-term project, and the training of young engineers and researchers who will be responsible for future decommissioning is a necessary and urgent task. Since 2016, Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science has been continuously organizing "Conferences for R&D Initiative on Nuclear Decommissioning Technology by the Next Generation (NDEC)" for students who are engaged in research activities for decommissioning. NDEC is a forum for students to present their research for the purpose of human resource development and networking among young researchers, and to increase their motivation for decommissioning research. NDEC-9 was held at "Manabi-no-Mori" in Tomioka-machi, Fukushima Prefecture, from March 21-22, 2024. This proceeding compiles the contents of report papers in the conference.
Kaburagi, Masaaki; Miyamoto, Yuta; Mori, Norimasa; Iwai, Hiroki; Tezuka, Masashi; Kurosawa, Shunsuke*; Tagawa, Akihiro; Takasaki, Koji
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 9 Pages, 2024/00
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)Morishita, Yuki; Takasaki, Koji; Kitayama, Yoshiharu; Tagawa, Akihiro; Shibata, Takuya; Hoshi, Katsuya; Kaneko, Junichi*; Higuchi, Mikio*; Oura, Masatoshi*
Radiation Measurements, 160, p.106896_1 - 106896_10, 2023/01
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：75.12(Nuclear Science & Technology)This study proposes a newly developed phoswich alpha/beta detector that can discriminate alpha and beta particles emitted from the alpha and beta contaminations in the FDNPS site. The phoswich alpha/beta detector is made up of two layers of scintillators that detect alpha and beta particles. The pulse shape discrimination (PSD) method was used to detect alpha particles in high beta particle and high gamma-ray (comparable to gamma-ray dose rate near the FDNPS reactor building) environments. Due to a 23.3% full width at half maximum (FWHM) energy resolution for alpha particles, the detector can be used to distinguish between nuclear fuel materials such as plutonium and its radon progeny (Po-214). Moreover, the detector could distinguish alpha particles from 
Cs gamma rays with a dose rate background up to 9.0 mSv/h. It is the first to demonstrate that the developed phoswich detector can be used to discriminate and measure alpha and beta particles of the actual contaminated FDNPS samples.
Chikazawa, Yoshitaka; Takaya, Shigeru; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kubo, Shigenobu
Proceedings of 2019 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2019) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2019/05
A maintenance management required to prototype nuclear power reactors has been developed. One of important mission of a prototype reactor is to develop maintenance program for commercial reactors step by step securing safety. Since operating experience at the early stage is limited, the maintenance program for the prototype reactor should be a progressive one. It has to be modified and improved frequently taking into account R&D insight and operation experiences. Additionally, the maintenance program has to consider features of the prototype reactor even at the early stage. To select maintenance grades on particular components/systems, risk informed and graded approaches are effective. And maintenance programs have to take into account degradation mechanism originally due to reactor features. In this paper, applications for maintenance program on sodium valves of prototype fast breeder reactor Monju are studied as an example of prototype sodium-cooled reactors (SFR).
Takaya, Shigeru; Chikazawa, Yoshitaka; Hayashida, Kiichi; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kubo, Shigenobu; Yamashita, Atsushi
Hozengaku, 15(4), p.71 - 78, 2017/01
A maintenance management suitable to nuclear power plants (NPP) at R&D stage was discussed. Objectives of maintenance management of NPP at R&D stage was first clarified. Next, applicability of codes for maintenance management of commercial NPP to NPP at R&D stage was discussed. Then, requirements and consideration for maintenance management of NPP at R&D stage was proposed. Finally, an example that the proposal was applied to setting maintenance program of sodium-cooled fast reactor was presented.
Takaya, Shigeru; Chikazawa, Yoshitaka; Hayashida, Kiichi; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kubo, Shigenobu; Yamashita, Atsushi
JAEA-Research 2016-006, 66 Pages, 2016/07
JAEA-Research-2016-006.pdf:3.4MB
A maintenance management required to nuclear power reactors at the R&D stage was discussed. It is the most important to ensure safety of nuclear power plants by taking account of characteristics of nuclear power reactors at the R&D stage. In addition, it is needed to establish a system of maintenance management technologies suitable for reactor types. In this report, objectives of maintenance management of nuclear power reactors at the R&D stage was clarified. Next, requirements and consideration for maintenance management was discussed according to the objectives. "Codes for maintenance management of nuclear power plants" and "Guides for maintenance management of nuclear power plants" were refereed in the discussion. Then, a draft of codes for maintenance management of nuclear power plants at the R&D stage were newly proposed. Finally, an example that the draft codes were applied to components containing sodium, typical components of sodium-cooled fast reactor, was presented.
Saegusa, Jun; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kurikami, Hiroshi; Iijima, Kazuki; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Tokizawa, Takayuki; Nakayama, Shinichi; Ishida, Junichiro
Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 3(3), p.15-00609_1 - 15-00609_7, 2016/06
After the Fukushima nuclear accident, JAEA lead off demonstration tests to find out effective decontamination methods for various school facilities in Fukushima. It included (1) dose reduction measures at schoolyards, (2) purification of swimming pool water and (3) removal of surface contamination of playground equipments. Through these tests, they established practical methods suitable for each situation; (1) At school yards, dose rates were drastically reduced by removing topsoil which was then placed in trenches of 1 m deep; (2) For the purification of pool water, the flocculation-coagulation treatment was found to be effective for collecting radiocesium dissolved in the water; (3) Demonstration tests for playground equipments, such as horizontal bars and a sandbox wood frame, suggested that effectiveness of decontamination considerably varied depending on the material, paint or coating condition. This paper reviews these demonstrations.
Saegusa, Jun; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kurikami, Hiroshi; Iijima, Kazuki; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Tokizawa, Takayuki; Nakayama, Shinichi; Ishida, Junichiro
Proceedings of 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-23) (DVD-ROM), 5 Pages, 2015/05
After the Fukushima nuclear accident, JAEA lead off demonstration tests to find out effective decontamination methods for various school facilities in Fukushima. It included (1) dose reduction measures at schoolyards, (2) purification of swimming pool water and (3) removal of surface contamination of playground equipments. Through these tests, they established practical methods suitable for each situation; (1) At school yards, dose rates were drastically reduced by removing topsoil which was then placed in trenches of 1 m deep; (2) For the purification of pool water, the flocculation-coagulation treatment was found to be effective for collecting radiocesium dissolved in the water; (3) Demonstration tests for playground equipments, such as horizontal bars and a sandbox wood frame, suggested that effectiveness of decontamination considerably varied depending on the material, paint or coating condition. This paper reviews these demonstrations.
Takei, Satoshi*; Oshima, Akihiro*; Oyama, Tomoko; Ito, Kenta*; Sugahara, Kigen*; Kashiwakura, Miki*; Kozawa, Takahiro*; Tagawa, Seiichi*; Hanabata, Makoto*
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 53(11), p.116505_1 - 116505_7, 2014/11
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：39.87(Physics, Applied)The application of natural linear polysaccharide to green resists was demonstrated for electron beam (EB) and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Because of the water solubility of natural polysaccharides, the water spin-coating and water-developable processes realize an environmentally friendly manufacturing process for next-generation electronic devices. The developed green resist with a weight-average molecular weight of 83,000 and 70 mol % hydroxyl groups was found to have acceptable properties such as spin-coat ability on 200 mm wafers, pillar patterns of 100-400 nm with a high EB sensitivity of 10 
C/cm
, etch selectivity with a silicon-based middle layer in CF
plasma treatment, and high prediction sensitivity to EUV region.
Watanabe, Masahisa; Tagawa, Akihiro; Umemiya, Noriko; Maruyama, Noboru; Yoshida, Mami; Kawase, Keiichi; Noguchi, Shinichi; Sakazume, Yoshinori; Watanabe, Masanori; Hiraga, Hayato; et al.
JAEA-Review 2014-028, 184 Pages, 2014/10
JAEA-Review-2014-028.pdf:37.79MB
JAEA received technical proposals from private enterprise about techniques that can be used for decontamination work, and "Decontamination Technology Demonstrations Projects" was commissioned from the Ministry of the Environment to verifies the decontamination effect, economy feasibility, safety, and other factors. By the "FY 2013 Decontamination Technology Demonstrations Projects" JAEA carried out technical advice of demonstration test and evaluation of 11 technologies (e.g., decontamination of soils and green space and wastes and washing of fly ash).
Takei, Satoshi*; Oshima, Akihiro*; Ichikawa, Takumi*; Sekiguchi, Atsushi*; Kashiwakura, Miki*; Kozawa, Takahiro*; Tagawa, Seiichi*; Oyama, Tomoko; Ito, Shoji*; Miyasaka, Hiroshi*
Microelectronic Engineering, 122, p.70 - 76, 2014/06
Times Cited Count：26 Percentile：76.49(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)Biomass-derived branched sugar resist material was developed for environmentally-friendly electron beam lithography (EBL). The developed resist enables organic solvent-free water-developable process. The resist performance was evaluated using 75 keV EBL system. Lines of 50-200 nm were fabricated with high sensitivity of 7 C/cm. The resist is developable in pure water at 23 
C for 60 s, and it has acceptable CF etch selectivity.
Watanabe, Masahisa; Tagawa, Akihiro
JAEA-Review 2013-053, 84 Pages, 2014/03
JAEA-Review-2013-053.pdf:48.63MB
To discover technologies that can be utilized for decontamination work and verify their effects, economic feasibility, safety, and other factors, the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan launched the FY2011 Decontamination Technology Demonstrations Project to publicly solicit decontamination technologies that would be verified in demonstration tests and adopted 25 candidates. JAEA was commissioned by the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan to provide technical assistance related to these demonstrations. JAEA carried out a demonstration test and evaluation of 25 technologies (e.g., decontamination technology of soil classifiers, ultra-high pressure water jets and volume reduction of organic materials) to perform decontamination of the environment
Watanabe, Masahisa; Umemiya, Noriko; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kawase, Keiichi; Noguchi, Shinichi; Sakazume, Yoshinori; Watanabe, Masanori; Tokizawa, Takayuki
JAEA-Review 2013-052, 232 Pages, 2014/03
JAEA-Review-2013-052.pdf:26.42MB
To discover technologies that can be utilized for decontamination work and verify their effects, economic feasibility, safety, and other factors, the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan launched the FY2012 Decontamination Technology Demonstrations Project to publicly solicit decontamination technologies that would be verified in demonstration tests and adopted 15 candidates. JAEA was commissioned by the Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan to provide technical assistance related to these demonstrations. JAEA carried out technical advice of demonstration test and evaluation of 15 technologies (e.g., decontamination technology of Burned ash washing and Pond Dredging) to perform decontamination of the environment.
Watanabe, Masahisa; Tagawa, Akihiro
JAEA-Review 2013-051, 244 Pages, 2014/03
JAEA-Review-2013-051.pdf:34.73MB
To discover technologies that can be utilized for decontamination work and verify their effects, economic feasibility, safety, and other factors, the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan launched the FY2011 Decontamination Technology Demonstrations Project to publicly solicit decontamination technologies that would be verified in demonstration tests and adopted 22 candidates. JAEA was commissioned by the Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan to provide technical assistance related to these demonstrations. JAEA carried out technical advice of demonstration test and evaluation of 22 technologies (e.g., decontamination technology of Thermal decomposition, Bottom sediment of Pond and volume reduction of organic materials using biomass technologies) to perform decontamination of the environment.
Oyama, Tomoko; Nakamura, Hirotaka*; Oshima, Akihiro*; Washio, Masakazu*; Tagawa, Seiichi*
Applied Physics Express, 7(3), p.036501_1 - 036501_3, 2014/03
Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：29.68(Physics, Applied)A chlorinated polymer ZEP is a main-chain scission type (positive-tone) high-sensitivity resist. However, we found that ZEP changes to negative-tone with a high dose of electron beam irradiation. The sensitivities to a 100 kV electron beam as a dual-tone are evaluated with various developers. Owing to different solvation strengths, the resist sensitivity varied with different developers in the positive-tone region. On the other hand, it was found that the threshold dose for the positive-negative inversion is independent of the developer. According to an analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy, we found that the amount of chlorine atoms and terminal double bonds generated by chain scission determines the threshold of the P-N inversion. This result provides important information for possible ZEP applications such as a dual-tone resist.
Hosaka, Yuji*; Oyama, Tomoko; Oshima, Akihiro*; Enomoto, Satoshi*; Washio, Masakazu*; Tagawa, Seiichi*
Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology, 26(6), p.745 - 750, 2013/12
Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：38.97(Polymer Science)ZEP520A is one of the most popular positive electron beam (EB) resists used in research and photomask fabrication owing to its excellent properties. Herein, EB-induced initial reactions of ZEP520A were investigated via pulse radiolysis (EB energy: 28 MeV, time resolution: 10 ns). Dissociative electron attachment and formation of a charge transfer complex were definitive contributing factors to the efficient degradation of ZEP520A. Furthermore, products induced by direct ionization of ZEP520A were observed in a highly concentrated ZEP520A solution in tetrahydrofuran, suggesting that initial reactions in the ZEP520A solid film that are induced only by direct ionization could be simulated via pulse radiolysis in specific solutions.
-lactic acid) using focused ion beam direct etchingOyama, Tomoko; Hinata, Toru*; Nagasawa, Naotsugu; Oshima, Akihiro*; Washio, Masakazu*; Tagawa, Seiichi*; Taguchi, Mitsumasa
Applied Physics Letters, 103(16), p.163105_1 - 163105_4, 2013/10
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：42.94(Physics, Applied)Micro/nanofabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable poly(-lactic acid) (PLLA) was evaluated using focused Ga ion beam direct etching. The fabrication performance was determined with different ion fluences and fluxes. It was found that the etching speed and fabrication accuracy were affected by irradiation-induced heat because the resistance of PLLA to thermal deformation is decreased when above its glass transition temperature (approximately 60C). By controlling the irradiation conditions, controlled micro/nanostructures of PLLA were fabricated, such as holes (
80 nm) and alphabets (width: 100 nm). Moreover, focused ion beam (FIB)-irradiated surfaces were analyzed using micro-area X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Owing to reactions such as the physical sputtering of atoms and radiation-induced decomposition, PLLA was gradually carbonized with increasing C=C bonds expected to have good cell attachment properties.
Tagawa, Akihiro; Watanabe, Masahisa
Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management (ICEM 2013) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2013/09
Oyama, Tomoko; Oshima, Akihiro*; Washio, Masakazu*; Tagawa, Seiichi*
Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B, 31(4), p.041604_1 - 041604_5, 2013/07
Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：44.29(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)Tagawa, Akihiro; Tezuka, Masashi; Terakura, Yoshihiro*; Naito, Masayuki*; Miyajima, Kenji*
Proceedings of 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-21) (DVD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2013/07
It is one of the most urgent issues to remediate the nuclear power plants contaminated by radioactive materials discharged following the accident at the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS. Concrete walls of nuclear power plants in Japan are coated an epoxy resin coating for easily performing decontamination. We experimented a cutting test in Fugen Decommissioning Engineering Center using maximum 280 MPa pressure and 30 L/min water quantity, ultra-high pressure water jet system and 40 m
/min air quantity vacuum system. We are conducting a study of decontamination technology in environmental pollution using this decontamination system. This decontamination system has achieved a decontamination factor 10 to 100. Thus, we have confirmed the change in a cutting ability by changing parameters. Parameters are the water pressure, the water quantity and air quantity. The impact force for water jet is a function that contains the test parameters. We have considered it using this function. The results of the test showed that there is a correlation between the impact force for water jet and a cutting capability. This decontamination technology can decontaminate radioactive material of the surface adhesion contamination and reduce the amount of waste generated for a thin cutting. In addition, we have experimented that the water can be recycled by chemical precipitation. After we experimented flocculation test using aluminum sulfate and zeolite flocculant, we have confirmed that it can clean water up to the level of suspended solids 5 mg/L, in turbid water using zeolite flocculant. This suspended solids concentration can be passed to the water processing system in nuclear power plant. From the test results, we found that ultra-high pressure water jet decontamination technology has a possibility that it can be used for decontamination of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
