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論文

Volatilization of B$$_{4}$$C control rods in Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors during meltdown; B-Li isotopic signatures in cesium-rich microparticles

笛田 和希*; 高見 龍*; 蓑毛 健太*; 諸岡 和也*; 堀江 憲路*; 竹原 真美*; 山崎 信哉*; 斉藤 拓巳*; 塩津 弘之; 大貫 敏彦*; et al.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, 428, p.128214_1 - 128214_10, 2022/04

 被引用回数:4 パーセンタイル:64.87(Engineering, Environmental)

Boron carbide control rods remain in the fuel debris of the damaged reactors in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, potentially preventing re-criticality; however, the state and stability of the control rods remain unknown. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe analyses have revealed B-Li isotopic signatures in radioactive Cs-rich microparticles (CsMPs) that formed by volatilization and condensation of Si-oxides during the meltdowns. The CsMPs contain 1518-6733 mg kg$$^{-1}$$ of $$^{10+11}$$B and 11.99-1213 mg kg$$^{-1}$$ of Li. The $$^{11}$$B/$$^{10}$$B (4.15-4.21) and $$^{7}$$Li/$$^{6}$$Li (213-406) isotopic ratios are greater than natural abundances ($$sim$$4.05 and $$sim$$12.5, respectively), indicating that $$^{10}$$B(n,$$alpha$$)$$^{7}$$Li reactions occurred in B$$_{4}$$C prior to the meltdowns. The total amount of B released with CsMPs was estimated to be 0.024-62 g, suggesting that essentially all B remains in reactor Units 2 and/or 3 and is enough to prevent re-criticality; however, the heterogeneous distribution of B needs to be considered during decommissioning.

論文

Ten years after the NPP accident at Fukushima; Review on fuel debris behavior in contact with water

Grambow, B.; 二田 郁子; 柴田 淳広; 駒 義和; 宇都宮 聡*; 高見 龍*; 笛田 和希*; 大貫 敏彦*; Jegou, C.*; Laffolley, H.*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(1), p.1 - 24, 2022/01

 被引用回数:13 パーセンタイル:72.48(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Following the NPP accident, some hundred tons of nuclear fuel elements of 3 damaged nuclear reactor units were partly molten with even larger masses of steel and concrete structures, creating a big mass of corium and fuels debris. Since ten years, this heat generating mass has been cooled permanently by millions of m$$^{3}$$ of water flowing over them. Knowledge on the interaction of this solid mass with water is crucial for any decommissioning planning. Starting from analyses of the evolutions of the accident in the 3 reactor cores and associated fuel debris formations and some additional isotopic and physiochemical information of debris fragments collected in soils of Fukushima, we review the temporal evolution of the chemistry and leached radionuclide contents of the cooling water. Measured concentration ratios of the actinides and fission products in the water where compared to reported results of laboratory leaching studies with either spent nuclear fuel or simulated fuel debris under a variety of simulated environmental conditions.

口頭

生体試料分析に応用できるアクセス制限型分離材料の開発

芝原 隆二*; 浅井 志保; 萩原 京平*; 高見 実智己*; 白石 久二雄*; 梅野 太輔*; 篠原 伸夫; 須郷 高信*; 斎藤 恭一*

no journal, , 

生体試料中の無機イオンを分析するためには、試料中に共存するタンパク質を排除し、無機イオンを選択的に吸着する必要がある。本研究では、多孔性高分子膜の細孔表面に、放射線グラフト重合法によって高分子鎖を付与し、高分子鎖の上部に水酸基を、下部に陰イオン交換基を配置してタンパク質を排除し、かつ無機イオンを吸着させることを試みた。タンパク質及び無機イオンのモデルとして、アルブミン(分子量66,000)及びリン酸イオン(分子量100)を用い、タンパク質排除能及び無機イオン吸着性能を評価した。リン酸イオンの吸着量は、陰イオン交換基の導入量に伴って増大した。一方、アルブミンは陰イオン交換基及び水酸基の導入量に関係なくほとんど吸着しなかった。したがって、サイズの大きいアルブミンが高分子鎖上部の水酸基によって排除されることを確認できた。

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