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論文

Origin of the dramatic change of fission mode in fermium isotopes investigated using Langevin equations

宮本 裕也*; 有友 嘉浩*; 田中 翔也; 廣瀬 健太郎; 西尾 勝久

Physical Review C, 99(5), p.051601_1 - 051601_7, 2019/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.99.051601

The fission of even-even fermium nuclides $$^{250-260}$$Fm at low excitation energy was studied using Langevin equations of three-dimensional nuclear-shape parametrization. The mass distributions of fission fragments show a dramatic change from an asymmetric shape for the lighter fermium isotopes to sharp symmetric fission for the heavier isotopes. The time evolution of the nuclear shape on the potential surface reveals that the lighter fermium isotopes showing asymmetric fission are trapped in the second minimum for a substantial length of time before overcoming the second saddle point. This behavior changes dramatically for the compact symmetric fission found in the heavier neutron-rich fermium nuclei that disintegrate immediately after overcoming the first saddle point, without feeling the second barrier, resulting in a fission time two orders of magnitude shorter.

論文

Transient ionization of the mesosphere during auroral breakup; Arase satellite and ground-based conjugate observations at Syowa Station

片岡 龍峰*; 西山 尚典*; 田中 良昌*; 門倉 昭*; 内田 ヘルベルト陽仁*; 海老原 祐輔*; 江尻 省*; 冨川 喜弘*; 堤 雅基*; 佐藤 薫*; et al.

Earth, Planets and Space (Internet), 71, p.9_1 - 9_10, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-019-0989-7
 パーセンタイル：100(Geosciences, Multidisciplinary)

2017年6月30日22時21分から26分(世界時)にかけて、昭和基地にあるPANSYレーダーによってオーロラ爆発時の中間圏における過渡電離が観測された。通常、中間圏における過渡電離は100keV以上の高エネルギー電子が中間圏まで到達することにより引き起こされるが、同時間帯においてあらせ衛星が観測した100keV以上の電子フラックスは有意な上昇を示していなかった。このことから、本イベントは、10keV以下の低エネルギー電子が大量に熱圏に降り注ぐことにより発生したX線による電離であるとの仮説を立てた。この仮説の妥当性を検証するため、粒子・重イオン挙動解析コードPHITSを用いて様々なエネルギースペクトルを持つ電子が大気上空に進入した場合の電離分布を計算した。その結果、10keV以下の電子でも中間圏において十分な電離を引き起こすことが可能であることが分かり、仮説の妥当性が証明された。

論文

Cation distribution and magnetic properties in ultrathin (Ni$$_{1-x}$$Co$$_{x}$$)Fe$$_{2}$$O$$_{4}$$ (x=0-1) layers on Si(111) studied by soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

若林 勇希*; 野中 洋亮*; 竹田 幸治; 坂本 祥哉*; 池田 啓祐*; Chi, Z.*; 芝田 悟朗*; 田中 新*; 斎藤 祐児; 山上 浩志; et al.

Physical Review Materials (Internet), 2(10), p.104416_1 - 104416_12, 2018/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.104416

We study the electronic structure and magnetic properties of epitaxial (Ni$$_{1-x}$$Co$$_{x}$$)Fe$$_{2}$$O$$_{4}$$(111) layers with thicknesses $$d$$ = 1.7 - 5.2 nm grown on Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$(111)/Si(111) structures. We revealed the crystallographic (octahedral $$O_{h}$$ or tetrahedral $$T_{d}$$) sites and the valences of the Fe, Co, and Ni cations using experimental soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra and configuration-interaction cluster-model calculation.

論文

Determination of fusion barrier distributions from quasielastic scattering cross sections towards superheavy nuclei synthesis

田中 泰貴*; 成清 義博*; 森田 浩介*; 藤田 訓裕*; 加治 大哉*; 森本 幸司*; 山木 さやか*; 若林 泰生*; 田中 謙伍*; 武山 美麗*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 87(1), p.014201_1 - 014201_9, 2018/01

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.87.014201
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：29.91(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

ガス充填型反跳生成核分離装置GARISを用いて$$^{48}$$Ca + $$^{208}$$Pb, $$^{50}$$Ti + $$^{208}$$Pb, $$^{48}$$Ca + $$^{248}$$Cm反応系における準弾性散乱断面積の励起関数を測定した。これらのデータから融合障壁分布を導出し、チャンネル結合計算と比較した。$$^{48}$$Ca + $$^{208}$$Pb及び$$^{50}$$Ti + $$^{208}$$Pb反応の障壁分布のピークエネルギーはそれらの反応系における2中性子蒸発断面積のピークエネルギーと良く一致し、一方$$^{48}$$Ca + $$^{248}$$Cm反応の障壁分布のピークエネルギーは4中性子蒸発断面積のピークエネルギーより少し下に現れることが判った。この結果は超重核合成の際の最適ビームエネルギーの予測に役立つ情報を与える。

論文

Role of multichance fission in the description of fission-fragment mass distributions at high energies

廣瀬 健太郎; 西尾 勝久; 田中 翔也*; L$'e$guillon, R.*; 牧井 宏之; 西中 一朗*; Orlandi, R.; 塚田 和明; Smallcombe, J.*; Vermeulen, M. J.; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 119(22), p.222501_1 - 222501_6, 2017/12

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.222501
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：11.2(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

JAEAタンデム加速器施設で行った$$^{18}$$O+$$^{238}$$U反応における多核子移行チャンネルを用いた実験により、$$^{237-240}$$U, $$^{239-242}$$Np、および$$^{241-244}$$Puの核分裂質量分布を励起エネルギー10$$sim$$60MeVにおいて測定した。これらのうち、$$^{240}$$U, $$^{240,241,242}$$Npのデータは本実験により初めて観測された。原子核の殻効果の減衰によって対称分裂すると予想されていた高励起エネルギーにおいても、質量分布が非対称を示すことがわかった。搖動散逸定理に基づく動力学モデル計算との比較から、この振る舞いはマルチチャンス核分裂によるものであることを明らかにした。

論文

Study of fission using multi-nucleon transfer reactions

西尾 勝久; 廣瀬 健太郎; Vermeulen, M. J.; 牧井 宏之; Orlandi, R.; 塚田 和明; 浅井 雅人; 豊嶋 厚史; 佐藤 哲也; 永目 諭一郎; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences (Internet), 163, p.00041_1 - 00041_6, 2017/11

https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201716300041
 パーセンタイル：100

We are promoting a study of fission using multi-nucleon transfer (MNT) reactions, where excited states in neutron-rich actinide nuclei, which cannot be accessed by particle capture and/or fusion reactions, are populated. Also, the excited states in the fissioning nucleus are widely populated by the MNT reactions, from which effects of excitation energy on fission properties can be investigated. Experiments were carried out at the JAEA tandem facility in Tokai, Japan. We studied reactions using the $$^{18}$$O beam and several actinide target nuclei such as $$^{232}$$Th, $$^{238}$$U, $$^{237}$$Np, $$^{248}$$Cm. Ejectile nucleus was identified by a silicon $$Delta$$E-E telescope to identify transfer channel and hence the compound nucleus. Fission fragments were detected by multi-wire proportional counters, and fission fragment mass distributions (FFMDs) were measured for each isotope. Measured FFMDs are reproduced by a calculation based on the fluctuation-dissipation model, and importance of multi-chance fission concept is investigated. Fission fragment angular distribution relative to the recoil direction suggested the increase of the spin of the fissioning nucleus with the number of transferred nucleons.

論文

Study of fission using multi-nucleon transfer reactions

西尾 勝久; 廣瀬 健太郎; L$'e$guillon, R.*; 牧井 宏之; Orlandi, R.; 塚田 和明; Smallcombe, J.*; 千葉 敏*; 有友 嘉浩*; 田中 翔也*; et al.

Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-rich Nuclei (ICFN-6), p.590 - 597, 2017/11

https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813229426_0101

We are promoting a fission study using multi-nucleon transfer reactions, where excited states in neutron-rich actinide nuclei, which cannot be accessed by particle capture and/or fusion reactions, are populated. This allows us to study fission in the new region of chart of nuclei. Also, the excited states in the fissioning nucleus are widely populated in the reactions, thus the effects of excitation energy on fission can be investigated. Experiments were carried out at the JAEA tandem facility in Tokai, Japan. We studied reactions using the $$^{18}$$O beam ($$sim$$9MeV/u) and several actinide target nuclei such as $$^{232}$$Th, $$^{238}$$U, $$^{237}$$Np, $$^{248}$$Cm. Ejectile nuclei and thus the transfer channels were identified by a newly developed silicon $$Delta$$E-E detectors. The produced nuclei in one experiment reached more than fifteen. Fission fragment mass distributions (FFMDs) were measured for each isotopes. Measured FFMDs are reproduced by a calculation based on the fluctuation-dissipation model (Langevin-type calculation), where effects of multi-chance fission were included. We also started to measure the prompt neutrons accompanied by fission.

論文

Experimental fission study using multi-nucleon transfer reactions

西尾 勝久; 廣瀬 健太郎; L$'e$guillon, R.*; 牧井 宏之; Orlandi, R.; 塚田 和明; Smallcombe, J.*; 千葉 敏*; 有友 嘉浩*; 田中 翔也*; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences (Internet), 146, p.04009_1 - 04009_6, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714604009
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：4.05

The objective of this work is to extend fission data for actinide nuclei not investigated so far in order to understand the fission mechanism, especially for neutron-rich nuclei. Multi-nucleon transfer reactions were used to populate the compound nuclei which cannot be accessed by particle capture or fusion reactions. The experiment was carried out at the tandem facility of Japan Atomic Energy Agency. In the multi-nucleon transfer reactions using $$^{18}$$O beam, a wide variety of nuclei around a target nucleus was produced. By identifying transfer channels, fission data of nuclei more than fifteen compound nuclei were generated in one experiment. Another feature of transfer reaction is that the excitation energies of a compound nucleus can be populated continuously from the ground state up to several tens MeV, allowing us to study the excitation energy dependence of fission properties. From the excitation function of fission probabilities, fission-barrier heights of neutron-rich actinide nuclei were obtained. Experiments were carried out in the reactions of $$^{18}$$O + $$^{238}$$U, $$^{232}$$Th, $$^{248}$$Cm, $$^{237}$$Np. The obtained fission fragment mass distributions were reproduced by a model calculation based on a fluctuation dissipation model.

論文

Origin of robust nanoscale ferromagnetism in Fe-doped Ge revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculation

坂本 祥哉*; 若林 勇希*; 竹田 幸治; 藤森 伸一; 鈴木 博人*; 伴 芳祐*; 山上 浩志; 田中 雅明*; 大矢 忍*; 藤森 淳*

Physical Review B, 95(7), p.075203_1 - 075203_5, 2017/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.075203
 被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：43.58(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Ge$$_{1-x}$$Fe$$_x$$ (Ge:Fe) shows ferromagnetic behavior up to a relatively high temperature of 210 K and hence is a promising material for spintronic applications compatible with Si technology. We have studied its underlying electronic structure by soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and first-principles supercell calculation. We observed finite Fe 3$$d$$ components in the states at the Fermi level ($$Erm_F$$) in a wide region of momentum space, and the $$Erm_F$$ was located $$sim$$0.35 eV above the valence-band maximum of the host Ge. Our calculation indicates that the $$Erm_F$$ is also within the deep acceptor-level impurity band induced by the strong $$p$$-$$d$$($$t_2$$) hybridization. We conclude that the additional minority-spin $$d(e)$$ electron characteristic of the Fe$$^{2+}$$ state is responsible for the short-range ferromagnetic coupling between Fe atoms.

論文

Origin of the large positive magnetoresistance of Ge$$_{1-x}$$Mn$$_{x}$$ granular thin films

若林 勇希*; 秋山 了太*; 竹田 幸治; 堀尾 眞史*; 芝田 悟朗*; 坂本 祥哉*; 伴 芳祐*; 斎藤 祐児; 山上 浩志; 藤森 淳*; et al.

Physical Review B, 95(1), p.014417_1 - 014417_6, 2017/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.014417
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：30.1(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Ge$$_{1_x}$$Mn$$_x$$ (GeMn) granular thin films are a unique and promising material for spintronic applications owing to their large positive magnetoresistance (MR). The microscopic origin of the MR has not yet been clarified. Here, we develop a method to separately investigate the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles and the matrix, utilizing the extremely high sensitivity of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) to the local magnetic state of each atom. We find that the MR ratio is proportional to the product of the magnetizations originating from the nanoparticles and the matrix. This result indicates that the spin-polarized holes in the nanoparticles penetrate into the matrix and that these holes undergo first order magnetic scattering by the paramagnetic Mn atoms in the matrix, which induces the large MR.

論文

Room-temperature local ferromagnetism and its nanoscale expansion in the ferromagnetic semiconductor Ge$$_{1-x}$$Fe$$_{x}$$

若林 勇希*; 坂本 祥哉*; 竹田 幸治; 石上 啓介*; 高橋 文雄*; 斎藤 祐児; 山上 浩志; 藤森 淳*; 田中 雅明*; 大矢 忍*

Scientific Reports (Internet), 6, p.23295_1 - 23295_9, 2016/03

AA2016-0503.pdf:1.66MB

https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23295
 被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：30.45(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

We investigate the local electronic structure and magnetic properties of the group-IV-based ferromagnetic semiconductor, Ge$$_{1-x}$$Fe$$_{x}$$ (GeFe), using soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Our results show that the doped Fe 3$$d$$ electrons are strongly hybridized with the Ge 4$$p$$ states, and have a large orbital magnetic moment relative to the spin magnetic moment, namely $$m_{rm orb}$$/$$m_{rm spin}$$ $$approx$$ 0.1. We find that nanoscale local ferromagnetic regions, which are formed through ferromagnetic exchange interactions in the high-Fe-content regions of the GeFe films, exist even at room temperature, well above the Curie temperature of 20 - 100K. We observe the intriguing nanoscale expansion of the local ferromagnetic regions with decreasing temperature, followed by a transition of the entire film into a ferromagnetic state at the Curie temperature.

論文

Magnetization process of the $$n$$-type ferromagnetic semiconductor (In,Fe)As:Be studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

坂本 祥哉*; Anh, L. D.*; Hai, P. N.*; 芝田 悟朗*; 竹田 幸治; 小林 正起*; 高橋 文雄*; 小出 常晴*; 田中 雅明*; 藤森 淳*

Physical Review B, 93(3), p.035203_1 - 035203_6, 2016/01

AA2016-0502.pdf:1.1MB

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.035203
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：66.42(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In order to investigate the mechanism of ferromagnetic ordering in the new $$n$$-type magnetic semiconductor (In,Fe)As codoped with Be, we have performed X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) studies. The spectral line shapes suggest that the ferromagnetism is intrinsic, originating from Fe atoms incorporated into the zinc-blende-type InAs lattice. The magnetization curves of Fe measured by XMCD were well reproduced by the superposition of a Langevin function representing superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior of nanoscale ferromagnetic domains and a $$T$$-linear function representing Curie-Weiss paramagnetism even much above the Curie temperatures. The data at 20 K showed a deviation from the Langevin behavior, suggesting a gradual establishment of macroscopic ferromagnetism on lowering temperature. The existence of nanoscale ferromagnetic domains indicated by the SPM behavior suggests spatial fluctuations of Fe concentration on the nanoscale.

論文

Spin and orbital magnetic moments of Fe in the $$n$$-type ferromagnetic semiconductor (In,Fe)As

小林 正起*; Anh, L. D.*; Hai, P. N.*; 竹田 幸治; 坂本 祥哉*; 門野 利治*; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 山上 浩志; 原田 慈久*; et al.

Applied Physics Letters, 105(3), p.032403_1 - 032403_4, 2014/07

AA2015-0418.pdf:0.82MB

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4890733
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：92.85(Physics, Applied)

The electronic and magnetic properties of Fe atoms in the ferromagnetic semiconductor (In,Fe)As codoped with Be have been studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Fe $$L_{2,3}$$ edge. The XAS and XMCD spectra showed simple spectral line shapes similar to Fe metal, but the ratio of the orbital and spin magnetic moments estimated using the XMCD sum rules was significantly larger than that of Fe metal, indicating a significant orbital moment of Fe 3$$d$$ electrons in (In,Fe)As:Be. The XMCD intensity as a function of magnetic field indicated hysteretic behavior of the superparamagnetic-like component due to discrete ferromagnetic domains. VC

論文

Expression of the extracellular region of the human interleukin-4 receptor $$alpha$$ chain and interleukin-13 receptor $$alpha$$1 chain by a silkworm-baculovirus system

本庄 栄二郎; 正山 祥生; 玉田 太郎; 重松 秀樹*; 畠中 孝彰*; 金地 佐千子*; 有馬 和彦*; 伊東 祐二*; 出原 賢治*; 黒木 良太

Protein Expression and Purification, 60(1), p.25 - 30, 2008/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2008.03.020
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：60.98(Biochemical Research Methods)

インターロイキン-13に対する受容体はインターロイキン-13$$alpha$$1鎖及びインターロイキン-4$$alpha$$鎖からなる。これらの相互作用を調べるため、IL-13受容体$$alpha$$1鎖及びIL-4受容体$$alpha$$鎖細胞外領域をコードするDNAをマウスIgGのFcと融合体としてカイコ/バキュロウイルス系で発現した。受容体はプロテインAカラムを用いて回収し、トロンビン消化でFcと切り離すことができた。ゲルろ過やSPR分析の結果、IL-13とIL-13受容体$$alpha$$1鎖複合体はIL-4受容体$$alpha$$と結合したが、IL-13やIL-13受容体$$alpha$$1鎖単独でのIL-4受容体$$alpha$$との相互作用は見られなかった。これらの結果から、IL-13はIL-13受容体$$alpha$$1と相互作用し、さらにIL-4受容体$$alpha$$と結合することが明らかとなった。

論文

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of polyketide synthase-1 (PKS-1) from ${it Cannabis sativa}$

田口 千穂; 田浦 太志*; 玉田 太郎; 正山 祥生; 正山 征洋*; 田中 宏幸*; 黒木 良太; 森元 聡*

Acta Crystallographica Section F, 64(3), p.217 - 220, 2008/03

https://doi.org/10.1107/S1744309108003096
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：59.13(Biochemical Research Methods)

Polyketide synthase-1 (PKS-1) is a novel type III polyketide synthase that catalyzes biosynthesis of the hexanoyl triacetic acid lactone in ${it Cannabis sativa}$ (Mexican strain). PKS-1 was overproduced in ${it Escherichia coli}$, purified and finally crystallized in two different space groups. The crystal obtained in 0.1 M HEPES buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.2 M calcium acetate and 20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350, diffracted to 1.65 ${AA}$ resolution and belonged to space group ${it P}$1 with unit-cell parameters of a = 54.3 ${AA}$, b = 59.3 ${AA}$, c = 62.6 ${AA}$, ${it $alpha$}$ = 69$$^{circ}$$, ${it $beta$}$ = 81$$^{circ}$$, ${it $gamma$}$ = 80$$^{circ}$$. Another crystal obtained in 0.1 M HEPES buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.2 M sodium chloride and 20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350, diffracted to 1.55 ${AA}$ resolution and belonged to the space group ${it P}$2$$_{1}$$2$$_{1}$$2$$_{1}$$ with unit-cell parameters of a = 54.3 ${AA}$, b = 110 ${AA}$, c = 130 ${AA}$. These data will enable us to determine the crystal structure of PKS-1.

口頭

Effects of multichance fission on fission fragment mass distributions at high energies

田中 翔也; 廣瀬 健太郎; 西尾 勝久; 有友 嘉浩*

no journal, , 

近年、原子力機構のタンデム加速器における多核子移行反応を用いた実験によって、$$^{237-240}$$U, $$^{239-242}$$Np, $$^{241-244}$$Pu(励起エネルギー10-60MeV)の核分裂片質量分布のデータが取得された。その実験データにおいて、これまでの予測に反して高い励起エネルギーにおいても、質量非対称分裂が支配的なまま維持されていることが分かった。そこで我々はこの傾向を理解するために、散逸揺動定理に基づくランジュバン方程式を採用した動力学模型を用いてマルチチャンス核分裂の解析を行った。マルチチャンス核分裂の考え自体はいくつかの核分裂に関する観測量においてよく知られているが、核分裂片質量分布への影響はよくわかっていない。$$^{231-234}$$Th, $$^{233-236}$$Pa, $$^{234-240}$$U, $$^{236-242}$$Np, $$^{238-244}$$Puにおける29核種(励起エネルギー15-55MeV)で核分裂片質量分布の計算を行い、実験データとの比較を行った。その結果、マルチチャンス核分裂の効果によって実験データで表れる傾向をよく再現し、高励起状態で維持される非対称分裂を説明した。

口頭

Fission yield measurement using multi-nucleon transfer reactions

廣瀬 健太郎; 西尾 勝久; 田中 翔也*; Leguillon, R.*; 牧井 宏之; 西中 一朗*; Orlandi, R.; 塚田 和明; Smallcombe, J.*; Vermeulen, M. J.*; et al.

no journal, , 

The multi-nucleon transfer reaction is very useful way to populate a multitude of nuclides in a wide excitation energy range. We have developed a measurement system at the JAEA tandem accelerator facility to obtain fission observables such as fission-fragment mass distributions (FFMD), prompt fission neutron multiplicities and so on. By identifying the ejectile, the initial compound nucleus is also identified. At high excitation energies, fission of nuclides produced via neutron emission from the initial compound nucleus also contribute to FFMD. In the present study, effects of the multi-chance fission on FFMDs were successfully separated by a combination of a systematic data set obtained from experiments using $$^{18}$$O beams and actinide targets and a dynamical fission calculation based on the fluctuation-dissipation model.

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