Stable C and N isotope abundances in water-extractable organic matter from air-dried soils as potential indices of microbially utilized organic matter

Nagano, Hirohiko*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Tanaka, Sota*; Yomogida, Takumi; Kozai, Naofumi; Koarashi, Jun

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change (Internet), 6, p.1228053_1 - 1228053_9, 2023/00

https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1228053

Transfer of Cs to web-building spiders, , and its pathways; A Preliminary study using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses

Tanaka, Sota; Kakinuma, Hotaru*; Adachi, Taro*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Koarashi, Jun

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 58(4), p.507 - 514, 2021/04

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2021.1894255

Understanding the pathways of Cs transfer to predatory spiders is useful to assess long-term behavior of Cs in the environment, because spiders obtain food resources from both the grazing and detritus food chains in terrestrial-aquatic linking forest ecosystems. In the present study, we collected spider samples at forest interior and riverside. The sample collection was approximately 6.5 years after the FDNPP accident. Moreover, a transfer factor value (T) for Cs in spiders was quantified. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (C and N) of the spiders were also investigated to estimate the transfer pathways of Cs to the spiders.

Radioactive cesium contamination of arthropods and earthworms after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Tanaka, Sota; Adachi, Taro*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Takahashi, Sentaro*

Low-Dose Radiation Effects on Animals and Ecosystems; Long-Term Study on the Fukushima Nuclear Accident, p.43 - 52, 2020/00

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8218-5_4

To understand the behavior of radiocesium in terrestrial invertebrates, chronological changes in the concentration of radiocesium in arthropods and earthworms from different trophic levels were investigated after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The median radiocesium concentrations in the rice grasshopper, Oxya yezoensis, and the Emma field cricket, Teleogryllus emma, were 0.46 and 0.15 Bq/g fw in 2012, respectively, which dropped continuously to 0.05 and 0.01 Bq/g fw in 2016. In contrast, no significant reduction in radiocesium concentration was observed in the Joro Spider, Nephila clavata, in which the concentration was 0.31 Bq/g fw in 2012 and remained at 0.14 Bq/g fw in 2016. The comparison of radiocesium concentrations at each trophic level showed that the amount in detritivorous earthworms was 85 times higher than in herbivorous grasshoppers. This suggests that detritus food web could be a primary pathway of radiocesium through food webs.

Estimation of the release time of radio-tellurium during the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident and its relationship to individual plant events

Takahashi, Sentaro*; Kawashima, Shigeto*; Hidaka, Akihide; Tanaka, Sota*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*

Nuclear Technology, 205(5), p.646 - 654, 2019/05

AA2017-0503.pdf:1.22MB

https://doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2018.1521186

First direct mass measurements of nuclides around = 100 with a multireflection time-of-flight mass spectrograph

Ito, Yuta*; Schury, P.*; Wada, Michiharu*; Arai, Fumiya*; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Hirayama, Yoshikazu*; Ishizawa, Satoshi*; Kaji, Daiya*; Kimura, Sota*; Koura, Hiroyuki; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 120(15), p.152501_1 - 152501_6, 2018/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.152501

Masses of Es, Fm and the transfermium nuclei Md, and No, produced by hot- and cold-fusion reactions, in the vicinity of the deformed neutron shell closure, have been directly measured using a multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrograph. The masses of Es and Md were measured for the first time. Using the masses of Md as anchor points for decay chains, the masses of heavier nuclei, up to Bh and Mt, were determined. These new masses were compared with theoretical global mass models and demonstrated to be in good agreement with macroscopic-microscopic models in this region. The empirical shell gap parameter derived from three isotopic masses was updated with the new masses and corroborate the existence of the deformed neutron shell closure for Md and Lr.

Observation of doubly-charged ions of francium isotopes extracted from a gas cell

Schury, P.*; Wada, Michiharu*; Ito, Yuta*; Kaji, Daiya*; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Hirayama, Yoshikazu*; Kimura, Sota*; Koura, Hiroyuki; MacCormick, M.*; Miyatake, Hiroari*; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 407, p.160 - 165, 2017/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.06.014

Various isotopes of Ac, Ra, Fr, and Rn were produced by fusion-evaporation reactions using a Ca beam. The energetic ions were stopped in and extracted from a helium gas cell. The extracted ions were identified using a multi-reflection time-of-fight mass spectrograph. In all cases, it was observed that the predominant charge state for the extracted ions, including the alkali Fr, was 2+.

New muonium HFS measurements at J-PARC/MUSE

Strasser, P.*; Aoki, Masaharu*; Fukao, Yoshinori*; Higashi, Yoshitaka*; Higuchi, Takashi*; Iinuma, Hiromi*; Ikedo, Yutaka*; Ishida, Katsuhiko*; Ito, Takashi; Iwasaki, Masahiko*; et al.

Hyperfine Interactions, 237(1), p.124_1 - 124_9, 2016/12

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-016-1331-4

Behavior of radioceium in the earthworm after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident and application of radiocarbon to feeding analysis

Tanaka, Sota; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Koarashi, Jun

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Transfer of radiocesium to the spider, Nephila clavata, and stable isotope analysis (C, N)

Tanaka, Sota; Kakinuma, Hotaru*; Adachi, Taro*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Koarashi, Jun

no journal, , 

Terrestrial arthropods could be an indicator species of long-term behavior of radiocesium through the food chain due to their large biomass and importance as food resources for other organisms. The spider, Nephila clavata, as generalist predators is especially suggested that an indicator species of radiocesium contamination of insect communities because they prey on variety of food resources from both grazing and detrital food chain. In present study, the aggregated transfer factor (T) of Cs for the spiders inhabited at mountainous forest and riverside was calculated using the initial deposition densities map, and stable isotope ratio(C, N) of the spider was measured to determine the transfer pathway of Cs.

Soil organic carbon and its water-extractable fraction in volcanic ash soils in a Japanese temperate forest; Relations to phosphate absorption coefficient and their implication

Nagano, Hirohiko; Tanaka, Sota; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Koarashi, Jun

no journal, , 

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key component in global carbon cycling, while water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) in soils is a proxy of soil carbon available to the living microbial community. Volcanic ash soils, a soil type dominant in Japan, are known to have a very high ability to stabilize soil carbon, and SOC content often correlates with phosphate absorption coefficients (PAC) in soils. In this study, we compared the SOC-PAC relationship and the WEOC-PAC relationships using 42 volcanic ash soils (0-6 cm depth) collected from a Japanese temperate forest. SOC showed a very strong correlation with PAC (r = 0.72). Correlation between SOC and WEOC was also strong (r = 0.84). Correlation between WEOC and PAC was, however, weak (r = 0.42). Thus, water destabilized carbon likely originated from residual carbon sources other than the primary carbon that is highly stabilized in volcanic ash soils.