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Journal Articles

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:96.87(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 $$^{circ}$$C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 $$^{circ}$$C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Journal Articles

The Surface composition of asteroid 162173 Ryugu from Hayabusa2 near-infrared spectroscopy

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Arai, Takehiko*; Nakauchi, Yusuke*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Science, 364(6437), p.272 - 275, 2019/04

 Times Cited Count:233 Percentile:99.74(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

The near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, the target of Hayabusa2 sample return mission, is believed to be a primitive carbonaceous object. The Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on Hayabusa2 acquired reflectance spectra of Ryugu's surface to provide direct measurements of the surface composition and geological context for the returned samples. A weak, narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 micron was detected across the entire observed surface, indicating that hydroxyl (OH)-bearing minerals are ubiquitous there. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are similar to thermally- and/or shock-metamorphosed carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. There are few variations in the OH-band position, consistent with Ryugu being a compositionally homogeneous rubble-pile object generated from impact fragments of an undifferentiated aqueously altered parent body.

Journal Articles

Study on gas entrainment from unstable drifting vortexes on liquid surface

Hirakawa, Moe*; Kikuchi, Yuichiro*; Sakai, Takaaki*; Tanaka, Masaaki; Ohshima, Hiroyuki

Proceedings of 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-26) (Internet), 8 Pages, 2018/07

Gas entrainment (GE) from cover gas is one of key issue for Sodium-cooled fast reactors to prevent unexpected effects to core reactivity. By using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, analyses have been conducted to estimate the drifting vortexes on water experiments which were generated as wake vortexes behind a plate obstacle in the circulating water channel. In this paper, the results of comparison between experiments and analyses were discussed and the gas core lengths from the surface vortexes were evaluated by using the evaluation tool named StreamViewer developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency.

Journal Articles

Study of fission using multi-nucleon transfer reactions

Nishio, Katsuhisa; Hirose, Kentaro; Vermeulen, M. J.; Makii, Hiroyuki; Orlandi, R.; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Asai, Masato; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Sato, Tetsuya; Nagame, Yuichiro; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 163, p.00041_1 - 00041_6, 2017/11

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:61.28

Journal Articles

Complex chemistry with complex compounds

Eichler, R.*; Asai, Masato; Brand, H.*; Chiera, N. M.*; Di Nitto, A.*; Dressler, R.*; D$"u$llmann, Ch. E.*; Even, J.*; Fangli, F.*; Goetz, M.*; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 131, p.07005_1 - 07005_7, 2016/12

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:73.04

In recent years gas-phase chemical studies assisted by physical pre-separation allowed for the productions and investigations of fragile single molecular species of superheavy elements. The latest highlight is the formation of very volatile hexacarbonyl compound of element 106, Sg(CO)$$_{6}$$. Following this success, second-generation experiments were performed to measure the first bond dissociation energy between the central metal atom and the surrounding ligand. The method using a tubular decomposition reactor was developed and successfully applied to short-lived Mo(CO)$$_{6}$$, W(CO)$$_{6}$$, and Sg(CO)$$_{6}$$.

Journal Articles

Decomposition studies of group 6 hexacarbonyl complexes, 1; Production and decomposition of Mo(CO)$$_6$$ and W(CO)$$_6$$

Usoltsev, I.*; Eichler, R.*; Wang, Y.*; Even, J.*; Yakushev, A.*; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Asai, Masato; Brand, H.*; Di Nitto, A.*; D$"u$llmann, Ch. E.*; et al.

Radiochimica Acta, 104(3), p.141 - 151, 2016/03

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:94.8(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

Conditions of the production and decomposition of hexacarbonyl complexes of short-lived Mo and W isotopes were investigated to study thermal stability of the heaviest group 6 hexacarbonyl complex Sg(CO)$$_6$$. A tubular flow reactor was tested to decompose the hexacarbonyl complexes and to extract the first bond dissociation energies. A silver was found to be the most appropriate reaction surface to study the decomposition of the group 6 hexacarbonyl. It was found that the surface temperature at which the decomposition occurred was correlated to the first bond dissociation energy of Mo(CO)$$_6$$ and W(CO)$$_6$$, indicating that the first bond dissociation energy of Sg(CO)$$_6$$ could be determined with this technique.

Journal Articles

In situ synthesis of volatile carbonyl complexes with short-lived nuclides

Even, J.*; Ackermann, D.*; Asai, Masato; Block, M.*; Brand, H.*; Di Nitto, A.*; D$"u$llmann, Ch. E.*; Eichler, R.*; Fan, F.*; Haba, Hiromitsu*; et al.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 303(3), p.2457 - 2466, 2015/03

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:77.78(Chemistry, Analytical)

Rapid In situ synthesis of metal carbonyl complexes has been demonstrated using short-lived isotopes produced in nuclear fission and fusion reactions. The short-lived isotopes with high recoil energy directly react with carbon-monoxides and form carbonyl complexes. Only highly volatile complexes were fast transported in a gas stream to counting and chemistry devices. Short-lived Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, W, Re, Os, and Ir were found to form volatile carbonyl complexes, while no volataile complex of Hf and Ta were detected. This technique has been applied to a chemical investigation of the superheavy element Sg (atomic number 106), and will be applicable to various fields of nuclear science with short-lived transition metal isotopes.

Journal Articles

Development of a new continuous dissolution apparatus with a hydrophobic membrane for superheavy element chemistry

Oe, Kazuhiro*; Attallah, M. F.*; Asai, Masato; Goto, Naoya*; Gupta, N. S.*; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Huang, M.*; Kanaya, Jumpei*; Kaneya, Yusuke*; Kasamatsu, Yoshitaka*; et al.

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 303(2), p.1317 - 1320, 2015/02

 Times Cited Count:8 Percentile:61(Chemistry, Analytical)

A new technique for continuous dissolution of nuclear reaction products transported by a gas-jet system was developed for superheavy element (SHE) chemistry. In this technique, a hydrophobic membrane is utilized to separate an aqueous phase from the gas phase. With this technique, the dissolution efficiencies of short-lived radionuclides of $$^{91m,93m}$$Mo and $$^{176}$$W were measured. Yields of more than 80% were observed for short-lived radionuclides at aqueous-phase flow rates of 0.1-0.4 mL/s. The gas flow-rate had no influence on the dissolution efficiency within the studied flow range of 1.0-2.0 L/min. These results show that this technique is applicable for on-line chemical studies of SHEs in the liquid phase.

Journal Articles

Synthesis and detection of a Seaborgium carbonyl complex

Even, J.*; Yakushev, A.*; D$"u$llmann, Ch. E.*; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Asai, Masato; Sato, Tetsuya; Brand, H.*; Di Nitto, A.*; Eichler, R.*; Fan, F. L.*; et al.

Science, 345(6203), p.1491 - 1493, 2014/09

 Times Cited Count:60 Percentile:83.09(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

A new superheavy element complex, a seaborgium carbonyl, has been successfully synthesized, and its adsorption property has been studied using a cryo-thermochromatography and $$alpha$$-detection apparatus COMPACT. Nuclear reaction products of short-lived $$^{265}$$Sg preseparated with a gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS at RIKEN were directly injected into a gas cell filled with He/CO mixture gas, and chemical reaction products of volatile carbonyl complexes were trasported to COMPACT. The Sg carbonyl complex detected with COMPACT was found to be very volatile with adsorption enthalpy of $$-$$50 kJ/mol, from which we have concluded that this complex should be a Sg hexacarbonyl Sg(CO)$$_{6}$$. This is the first synthesis of organometallic compounds of transactinide elements for which only simple inorganic comounds have been synthesized so far.

Journal Articles

Investigation of the cause of peculiar irradiation behavior of 9Cr-ODS steel in BOR-60 irradiation tests

Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Yano, Yasuhide; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Koyama, Shinichi; Tanaka, Kenya

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 50(5), p.470 - 480, 2013/05

 Times Cited Count:5 Percentile:38.75(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Four experimental fuel assemblies (EFAs) containing 9Cr-ODS steel cladding fuel pins were previously irradiated in the BOR-60. One of the EFAs achieved the best data, a peak burn-up of 11.9at% and a neutron dose of 51 dpa, without any microstructure instability or any fuel pin rupture. On the other hand, in another EFA (peak burn-up, 10.5at%; peak neutron dose, 44 dpa), peculiar irradiation behaviors such as microstructure instability and fuel pin rupture occurred. The combined effects of matrix Cr heterogeneity (presence of metallic Cr inclusions) and high-temperature irradiation were concluded to be the main cause of the peculiar microstructure change of 9Cr-ODS steel cladding tubes in the BOR-60 irradiation tests. They contributed to the fuel pin rupture.

Journal Articles

Irradiation performance of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel claddings for fast reactor fuels

Kaito, Takeji; Otsuka, Satoshi; Yano, Yasuhide; Tanno, Takashi; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Tanaka, Kenya

Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles; Safe Technologies and Sustainable Scenarios (FR-13) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2013/03

The oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel claddings developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency were irradiated in Joyo and BOR-60 in order to confirm their irradiation performance and thus judge their applicability to high burnup and high temperature fast reactor fuels. In Joyo, material irradiation tests up to 33 dpa were carried out at in the temperature range of 693 - 1108 K. The irradiation data were obtained concerning mainly mechanical properties and of microstructure stability. In BOR-60, fuel pin irradiation tests were conducted up to burnup of 11.9 at% and neutron dose of 51 dpa. The irradiation data were obtained concerning fuel-cladding chemical interaction, dimensional stability under irradiation and so on. These results showed the superior irradiation performance of the ODS ferritic steel claddings and their application possibility as fast reactor fuels. This paper describes the evaluation of the obtained irradiation data of ODS ferritic steel claddings.

Journal Articles

Effects of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel claddings

Yano, Yasuhide; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Akasaka, Naoaki; Inoue, Masaki; Yoshitake, Tsunemitsu; Tanaka, Kenya

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 419(1-3), p.305 - 309, 2011/12

 Times Cited Count:19 Percentile:80.33(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The effects of fast neutron irradiation on ring tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel claddings for fast reactor were investigated. Specimens were irradiated in the experimental fast reactor Joyo using the material irradiation rig at temperatures between 693 and 1108 K to fast neutron doses ranging from 16 to 33 dpa. The post-irradiation ring tensile tests were carried out at irradiation temperatures. The experimental results showed that there was no significant change in tensile strengths after neutron irradiation below 923 K, but the tensile strengths at neutron irradiation above 1023 K up to 33 dpa were decreased by about 20%. On the other hand, uniform elongation after irradiation was more than 2% at all irradiation conditions. The ring tensile properties of these ODS claddings remained excellent within these irradiation conditions compared with conventional 11Cr ferritic/martensitic steel (PNC-FMS) claddings.

Journal Articles

Oxide fuel fabrication technology development of the FaCT project, 5; Current status on 9Cr-ODS steel cladding development for high burn-up fast reactor fuel

Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Yano, Yasuhide; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Koyama, Shinichi; Tanaka, Kenya

Proceedings of International Conference on Toward and Over the Fukushima Daiichi Accident (GLOBAL 2011) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2011/12

This paper describes evaluation results of in-reactor integrity of 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS steel cladding tubes and the plan for reliability improvement in homogeneous tube production. A fuel assembly in the BOR-60 irradiation test including 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS fuel pins has achieved the highest burn-up, i.e. peak burn-up of 11.9at% and peak neutron dose of 51dpa, without any fuel pin rupture and microstructure instability. In another fuel assembly containing 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS steel fuel pins whose peak burn-up was 10.5at%, one 9Cr-ODS steel fuel pin failed near the upper end of the fuel column. A peculiar microstructure change occurred in the vicinity of the ruptured area. The primary cause of this fuel pin rupture and microstructure change was shown to be the presence of metallic Cr inclusions in the 9Cr-ODS steel tube, which had passed an ultrasonic inspection test for defects. In the next stage from 2011 to 2013, the fabrication technology of full pre-alloy 9Cr-ODS steel cladding tube will be developed.

Journal Articles

Packing behaviour of a Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ pebble bed under cyclic loads

Tanigawa, Hisashi; Tanaka, Yuichiro*; Enoeda, Mikio

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 417(1-3), p.703 - 705, 2011/10

 Times Cited Count:5 Percentile:38.79(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In the temperature range from room temperature to 973 K and the mechanical loading range from 0.1 MPa to 3 MPa, Li$$_{2}$$TiO$$_{3}$$ pebble bed is successively loaded and the packing behaviour of the bed is observed. Deformation caused by the mechanical loadings is partly relaxed when the bed is heated without the load. After large numbers of thermal and mechanical loadings, the packing factor of the bed with the initial packing factor of 66.9% finally reaches about 68.5%. The progress of packing leads to production of a void region at the top of the pebble bed and it is important to obtain a high packing factor for the initial packing.

Journal Articles

Enhanced micronucleus formation in the descendants of $$gamma$$-ray-irradiated tobacco cells; Evidence for radiation-induced genomic instability in plant cells

Yokota, Yuichiro; Funayama, Tomoo; Hase, Yoshihiro; Hamada, Nobuyuki*; Kobayashi, Yasuhiko; Tanaka, Atsushi; Narumi, Issei

Mutation Research; Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 691(1-2), p.41 - 46, 2010/09

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:28.54(Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology)

Ionizing radiation-induced genomic instability has been documented in various end points such as chromosomal aberrations and mutations, which arises in the descendants of irradiated mammalian or yeast cells many generations after the initial insult. This study aimed at addressing radiation-induced genomic instability in higher plant tobacco cells. We thus investigated micronucleus (MN) formation and cell proliferation in tobacco cells irradiated with $$gamma$$-rays and their descendants. The descendants that have undergone at least 22 generations after irradiation still showed a two-fold MN frequency compared to sham-irradiated cells. This is the direct evidence for radiation-induced genomic instability in tobacco cells.

Journal Articles

A UVB-hypersensitive mutant in ${it Arabidopsis thaliana}$ is defective in the DNA damage response

Sakamoto, Ayako; Lan, V. T. T.*; Puripunyavanich, V.*; Hase, Yoshihiro; Yokota, Yuichiro; Shikazono, Naoya; Nakagawa, Mayu*; Narumi, Issei; Tanaka, Atsushi

Plant Journal, 60(3), p.509 - 517, 2009/07

 Times Cited Count:20 Percentile:50.66(Plant Sciences)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Thermal conductivity measurement with silica-coated hot wire for Li$$_4$$SiO$$_4$$ pebble bed

Tanigawa, Hisashi; Tanaka, Yuichiro*; Enoeda, Mikio; Akiba, Masato

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 46(6), p.553 - 556, 2009/06

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:41.12(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Effective thermal conductivity of a Li$$_4$$SiO$$_4$$ pebble bed was measured by the hot wire method. The bare and the silica-coated Nichrome heaters were used as the hot wire. At 975 K, the effective thermal conductivity was not measured correctly by the bare hot wire. This is caused by that the electrical signal of the bare thermocouple is distorted due to electrical conductivity of Li$$_4$$SiO$$_4$$. Using the silica-coated hot wire, the effective thermal conductivity can be measured at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 975 K. The effect of the coating layer on the measured effective thermal conductivity was estimated to be small and corresponded to the experimental data. The hot wire method with silica-coating can be applied to the other ceramic breeder materials.

Journal Articles

Kinetic analysis of double-strand break rejoining reveals the DNA reparability of $$gamma$$-irradiated tobacco cultured cells

Yokota, Yuichiro; Wada, Seiichi*; Hase, Yoshihiro; Funayama, Tomoo; Kobayashi, Yasuhiko; Narumi, Issei; Tanaka, Atsushi

Journal of Radiation Research, 50(2), p.171 - 175, 2009/04

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:14.62(Biology)

The rejoining efficiency of double-strand breaks (DSBs) was quantified in tobacco protoplasts and CHO-K1 cells following $$gamma$$-ray irradiation in order to compare DNA reparability of higher plants with mammals. The DSB rejoining kinetics of tobacco protoplasts were well represented by a biphasic-exponential equation: half of initial-induced DSBs were rejoined for 1 h and the others were almost rejoined within 4 h. We found that the DSB rejoining kinetics of tobacco protoplasts at 27$$^{circ}$$C are the same as those of CHO-K1 cells at 37$$^{circ}$$C. These findings indicate that the DSB rejoining efficiency of tobacco protoplasts and CHO-K1 cells are comparable at their respective cell cultivation temperatures, suggesting that DSB rejoining efficiency is little responsible for the higher radiation-tolerance of tobacco protoplasts.

Journal Articles

Sorption distribution coefficients of selenium on a sandy mudstone under reducing conditions of underground

Iida, Yoshihisa; Kimura, Yuichiro*; Yamaguchi, Tetsuji; Ueda, Masato*; Tanaka, Tadao; Nakayama, Shinichi

Genshiryoku Bakkuendo Kenkyu, 15(2), p.57 - 67, 2009/03

Sorption of radionuclides on rocks is an important factor for safety assessments of geologic disposal of radioactive wastes. Batch sorption tests were conducted to investigate effects of concentrations of NaNO$$_{3}$$ and NaCl on sorption distribution coefficients(Kd) of selenium(Se) on a sandy mudstone under reducing environment of underground. The rock and groundwater used in the tests were sampled from depths of 129-156 m with special care minimizing contact with air. Se was spiked as HSe$$^{-}$$ or Se$$_{4}$$$$^{2-}$$ to the test solutions and kept as HSe$$^{-}$$ throughout the test periods by keeping reducing conditions (Eh, pH) of the solutions. Obtained Kd values were in a range of 0.015-0.037 m$$^{3}$$ kg$$^{-1}$$, which were as high as those for a typical sorbing element, Cs.

Journal Articles

Tobacco BY-2 cells have a transient and leaky DNA-damage checkpoint at G$$_{2}$$/M phase after $$gamma$$-ray irradiation

Yokota, Yuichiro; Funayama, Tomoo; Wada, Seiichi*; Hase, Yoshihiro; Kobayashi, Yasuhiko; Inoue, Masayoshi*; Tanaka, Atsushi; Narumi, Issei

JAEA-Review 2007-060, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2006, P. 69, 2008/03

no abstracts in English

69 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)