Characterizing the reactivation mechanisms of coseismic surface ruptures associated with the 2011 Mw 6.7 Fukushima-ken Hamadori earthquake in Japan through borehole hydromechanical testing

Guglielmi, Y.*; Aoki, Kazuhiro; Cook, P.*; Soom, F.*; Cappa, F.*; Tanaka, Yukumo

Tectonophysics, 819, p.229084_1 - 229084_22, 2021/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2021.229084

The reactivation mechanisms of coseismic surface ruptures associated with the 2011 Mw 6.7 Fukushima-ken Hamadori earthquake in Japan are investigated using in-situ controlled hydraulic injections in subsurface boreholes. Two fault segments were selected for reactivation studies, one across a coseismic rupture, the Shionohira site, and one across a non-coseismically ruptured segment, the Minakami-kita site. A series of water injections in sealed sections of boreholes set across the fault progressively bring the fault to rupture by a step-by-step decrease of the effective normal stress clamping the fault. While the fault is rupturing during these hydraulic stimulations, borehole displacements, fluid pressure and injection flowrate are continuously monitored. Then, the tests were analyzed using fully coupled hydromechanical modeling. The model was calibrated on field data, and a parametric study was conducted to examine the modes of fault reactivation. Coseismic surface rupture of the Shionohira fault showed a pure dilatant slip response to hydraulic tests, while the tectonically un-activated Itozawa fault (South) indicated a complex hybrid response to tests related to both a higher frictional and cohesive strengths of the fault. The analysis of the induced Shionohira slip event showed that it is reasonably modeled as a Coulomb rupture with an eventual dependency of friction on slip velocity, in good accordance with laboratory-derived rate-and-state friction data on the Shinohira gouge samples. In contrast, the Itozawa fault reactivation mechanism appears dominated by tensile failure with limited Coulomb shear failure. Thus, the applied protocol proves to be able to isolate significant differences in fault physical properties and rupture mechanisms between two segments of the same fault system, opening perspectives to better assess near-surface rupture effects, and therefore the safety of structures subject to large earthquakes.

A Sampling method of oriented small sample from fault cores for SEM observation

Shimada, Koji; Kametaka, Masao*; Nakayama, Kazuhiko; Seshimo, Kazuyoshi; Tanaka, Yoshihiro; Hayashi, Toshio*; Tanaka, Yukumo; Shimogama, Kota*; Okazaki, Kazuhiko*

Chishitsugaku Zasshi, 119(11), p.727 - 731, 2013/11

https://doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.2013.0050

Staples for a stapler can be used as a frame of a small oriented sample taken from fragile and scarce fault gouge. The fault gouge was slotted for staples of an insert. Staples are a group of about ten or less ones holding right-angled three small surfaces. Pre-oriented staples set the slot would remove then presented for the SEM observation. Only a knife, some glues and simple equipment are needed for the method in the field or laboratories.

Fluvial Terraces Chronology in northern Tsuruga Peninsula, southwest Japan

Yasue, Kenichi; Shimada, Koji; Sasaki, Akimichi; Tanaka, Yukumo; Niwa, Masakazu; Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Umeda, Koji; Tateishi, Ryo*; Kosaka, Hideki*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

The Linearity of geographical features and a planation surface along the seashore around the fast breeder prototype reactor Monju

Sasaki, Akimichi; Yasue, Kenichi; Shimada, Koji; Tateishi, Ryo*; Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Tanaka, Yukumo

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Shionohira Fault characterization using a SIMFIP protocole

Seshimo, Kazuyoshi; Watanabe, Takahiro; Aoki, Kazuhiro; Tanaka, Yukumo; Guqlielmi, Y.*; Cook, P.*

no journal, , 

Study on fault activity evaluation method (A new attempt to understand fault activities), 2; Injection experiment using a SIMFIP probe at Shionohira Fault and southern fault

Watanabe, Takahiro*; Tanaka, Yukumo; Aoki, Kazuhiro; Guglielmi, Y.*; Cook, P.*; Soom, F.*; Wakahama, Hiroshi*; Nojo, Haruka*; Iwasaki, Etsuo*; Kametaka, Masao*; et al.

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Current state of the additional geological surveys of crush zones at the fast breeder prototype reactor "Monju" site

Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Shimada, Koji; Sasaki, Akimichi; Tanaka, Yukumo; Miyazaki, Masashi; Yasue, Kenichi; Niwa, Masakazu; Sueoka, Shigeru; Umeda, Koji; Ikeda, Makinori

no journal, , 

The Nuclear Regulation Authority instructed to develop a further additional research plan regarding the crushed zones on the Monju site against the JAEA on September 25. The JAEA developed a research plan in response to this instruction, and, the stripping investigation with expansion of the area, the additional detailed geographical and geological surveys around the mountains/terrace boundary, and the marine seismic surveys in the coastal waters, were conducted. The fracture zones were grouped into 2 systems called -system and -system in the on-site investigation. We examined the cross-cutting relationships and displacements of the fracture zones and confirmed that the -system was formed after the -system. From the investigation results so far, similar to the results of the compilation report of April 31, 2010, no clear evidence was observed to support that on-site crushed zones are active faults.

Frictional properties of Shionohira Fault Gouge, 2; A Comparison with Kuruma Fault Gouge at the southern extension of Shionohira Fault

Seshimo, Kazuyoshi; Aoki, Kazuhiro; Tanaka, Yukumo; Niwa, Masakazu; Shimamoto, Toshihiko*; Ma, S.*; Yao, L.*; Kametaka, Masao*

no journal, ,