Development of evaluation method for diffusion and filtration behavior of colloid in compacted bentonites using dendrimers

Endo, Takashi*; Tachi, Yukio; Ishidera, Takamitsu; Terashima, Motoki

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi, 20(1), p.9 - 22, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.3327/taesj.J20.001

Evaluation method of colloid diffusion and filtration in compacted bentonites was developed using dendrimers. Diffusion and filtration behavior of PAMAM dendrimers with the size of 5.77.2nm was investigated by the through-diffusion experiment in bentonite compacted to 0.8 Mg/m and saturated with 0.0050.5mol/L NaCl. Effective diffusivities (De) and filtration ratios (Rf) of dendrimers were determined from the breakthrough curves and the depth profiles in compacted bentonite, respectively. The De values of negatively charged dendrimer increased when porewater salinity increased and dendrimer size decreased as influenced by anion exclusion effect in negatively charged clay surfaces. The Rf values increased when porewater salinity decreased and dendrimer size increased, demonstrating significant fractions of dendrimer were filtered by narrow pores in complex pore networks. These trends consistent with the previous studies emphasize the validity of the evaluation method using dendrimer.

Characterization of electrode/electrolyte interface for lithium batteries using synchrotron X-ray reflectometry; A New experimental technique for LiCoO model electrode

Hirayama, Masaaki*; Sonoyama, Noriyuki*; Abe, Takashi*; Minoura, Machiko*; Ito, Masumi*; Mori, Daisuke*; Yamada, Atsuo*; Kanno, Ryoji*; Terashima, Takahito*; Takano, Mikio*; et al.

Journal of Power Sources, 168(2), p.493 - 500, 2007/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.03.034

A new experimental technique was developed for detecting structure changes at electrode/electrolyte interface of lithium cell using X-ray reflectometry and two-dimensional model electrodes with a restricted lattice-plane. The electrodes were constructed with an epitaxial film of LiCoO synthesized by pulsed laser deposition method. The anisotropic properties were confirmed by electrochemical measurements. X-ray reflectivity measurements indicated that the impurity layer existed on the as-grown LiCoO was dissolved and a new SEI layer with lower density was formed after soaking into the electrolyte. X-ray reflectivity measurements indicated that the surface roughness of the intercalation (1 1 0) plane increased with applying voltages, while no significant changes in surface morphology were observed for the intercalation non-active (0 0 3) plane during the pristine stage of the charge-discharge process.

Current status of the HIBMC, providing particle beam radiation therapy for more than 2,600 patients, and the prospects of laser-driven proton radiotherapy

Murakami, Masao*; Demizu, Yusuke*; Niwa, Yasue*; Nagayama, Shinichi*; Maeda, Takuya*; Baba, Masashi*; Miyawaki, Daisuke*; Terashima, Kazuki*; Arimura, Takeshi*; Mima, Masayuki*; et al.

no journal, , 

Evaluation of colloid filtering function by compacted bentonite; Application of dendrimer

Endo, Takashi*; Ishidera, Takamitsu; Terashima, Motoki; Tachi, Yukio

no journal, , 

To evaluate the colloid filtering function by compacted bentonite, colloidal stability tests and through-diffusion tests of dendrimer, a dendritic macromolecule, were carried out under high saline conditions. As a result, dendrimer can allow to evaluate the colloid filtering function of compacted bentonite under the high saline condition which has been difficult by conventional method.

Distribution coefficients of rare earth elements to microorganisms including uncultivated species in deep sedimentary groundwater

Terashima, Motoki; Beppu, Hikari*; Endo, Takashi*; Nemoto, Kazuaki*; Amano, Yuki

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English