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Togawa, Orihiko; Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi; Tanaka, Tadao; Yamamoto, Kazuya; Okuno, Hiroshi
JAEA-Review 2020-017, 36 Pages, 2020/09
JAEA-Review-2020-017.pdf:2.24MB
In 2010, the government of Japan joined the Response and Assistance Network (RANET) of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in order to contribute to offering international assistance in the case of a nuclear accident or radiological emergency. At that occasion, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) was registered as the National Assistance Capability (NAC) having resources capable of the External Based Support (EBS) in the following seven areas: (1) aerial survey, (2) radiation monitoring, (3) environmental measurements, (4) assessment and advice, (5) internal dose assessment, (6) bioassay and (7) dose reconstruction. After the registration, three inquiries were directed to the JAEA about a possibility of its support. However, the JAEA's assistance has not eventually been realized. On the other hand, the JAEA participated almost every year in the international Convention Exercise (ConvEx) carried out by the IAEA in connection with RANET. This report describes an outline of the RANET and related activities of the JAEA for RANET registration and participation in the ConvEx.
Ishizaki, Shuhei; Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi; Tsuzuki, Katsunori; Terada, Hiroaki; Togawa, Orihiko
JAEA-Technology 2018-007, 43 Pages, 2018/10
JAEA-Technology-2018-007.pdf:5.67MB
When North Korea has carried out a nuclear test, by a request from Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA), Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) predicts atmospheric dispersion of radionuclides by WSPEEDI-II system in cooperation with Nuclear Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), and submits the predicted results to NRA as the activity to assist responses by the Japanese Government. This report explains frameworks of the Japanese Government and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to cope with nuclear tests by North Korea, and describes a series of activities by NEAT regarding predictions of atmospheric dispersion of radionuclides in response to the 5th and 6th nuclear tests carried out by North Korea in September 2016 and September 2017. Future plans and issues to be solved for responses to nuclear tests are also described in this report, together with an outline of a computer program system used in the predictions.
Suzuki, Takashi; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Togawa, Orihiko
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 294, p.563 - 567, 2013/01
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：60.1(Instruments & Instrumentation)no abstracts in English
Kobayashi, Takuya; In, Teiji*; Ishikawa, Yoichi*; Kawamura, Hideyuki; Nakayama, Tomoharu*; Shima, Shigeki*; Awaji, Toshiyuki*; Togawa, Orihiko
Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 2, p.682 - 687, 2011/10
When the reprocessing plant is in routine operation, radionuclides are released to the coastal ocean as scheduled. Released radionuclides migrate in the ocean by physical, chemical and biological processes. Thus, for environmental safety, it is important to understand the migration behavior due to routine releases of radionuclides to the coastal ocean from the reprocessing plant. A numerical simulation model system that consists of an ocean general circulation model and a particle random-walk model to describe the radionuclide migration behavior in Rokkasho coastal region has been developed. The particle random-walk model, SEA-GEARN, calculates the radionuclides migration in the ocean. The system has been applied to simulate the nowcast of Rokkasho coastal region in 2007 and hypothetical radionuclide release has been carried out.
Kawamura, Hideyuki; Kobayashi, Takuya; Togawa, Orihiko; Onitsuka, Go*
Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC '11)/8th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD '11), p.1742 - 1746, 2011/07
An assessment system of marine environment in the Japan Sea is developed in Japan Atomic Energy Agency to calculate a movement of pollutants such as radionuclides and their effect on Japanese people. The assessment system consists of three models, ocean general circulation model, particle random-walk model, and dose assessment model. The assessment system was applied so far to a numerical experiment of an oil spill accident and a numerical experiment for reproduction of concentration of anthropogenic radionuclides in the Japan Sea. In addition, the lower trophic level ecosystem model is being developed to estimate a suspended solid in the Japan Sea.
I around the subarctic front in the Japan SeaSuzuki, Takashi; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Togawa, Orihiko
Dai-13-Kai AMS Shimpojiumu Hokokusho, p.69 - 72, 2011/01
no abstracts in English
Kawamura, Hideyuki; Ito, Toshimichi; Kobayashi, Takuya; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Hirose, Naoki*; Togawa, Orihiko
Journal of Oceanography, 66(5), p.649 - 662, 2010/10
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：92.02(Oceanography)A numerical experiment is performed to reproduce a distribution of concentrations of 
Sr and 
Cs and estimate their total amounts in the Japan Sea. The concentrations of Sr and Cs in the surface layer is in the range of 1.0-1.5 Bq/m
and 2.0-2.5 Bq/m. The concentrations in the intermediate and deep layer are higher than those observed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, indicating active winter convection in the Japan Sea. The total amounts of Sr and Cs in the seawater is evaluated to be 1.34 PBq (1 PBq = 10
Bq) and 2.02 PBq, which demonstrates an estimation by observational data in the Japan Sea expeditions between 1997 and 2002 by Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The total amounts of Sr and Cs vary corresponding to deposition at the sea surface with the maximums of 4.86 PBq for Sr and 7.33 PBq for Cs in the mid-1960s.
Kawamura, Hideyuki; Ito, Toshimichi; Kobayashi, Takuya; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Hirose, Naoki*; Togawa, Orihiko
Proceedings of Joint International Conference of 7th Supercomputing in Nuclear Application and 3rd Monte Carlo (SNA + MC 2010) (USB Flash Drive), 4 Pages, 2010/10
This study aims to demonstrate many findings in the Japan Sea expeditions by Japan Atomic Energy Agency between 1997 and 2002 making use of an ocean general circulation model. A numerical experiment is performed between 1945 and 2000 with deposition at the sea surface by global fallout as main source of anthropogenic radionuclides. The concentrations of Sr and Cs in the surface layer are approximately in the range of 1.0-1.5 Bq/m and 2.0-2.5 Bq/m and they exponentially decrease with depth from the sea surface to the sea bottom. Total amounts of Sr and Cs in the seawater of the Japan Sea are estimated to be about 1.34 PBq (1 PBq = 10 Bq) and 2.02 PBq in the numerical experiment, which demonstrates observational estimations in the Japan Sea expeditions. Time series of the total amounts show that they attain the maximums of 4.86 PBq for Sr and 7.33 PBq for Cs in 1964.
I in the atmosphere emitted from nuclear fuel reprocessing plantsNishizawa, Masato; Suzuki, Takashi; Nagai, Haruyasu; Togawa, Orihiko
Proceedings of Joint International Conference of 7th Supercomputing in Nuclear Application and 3rd Monte Carlo (SNA + MC 2010) (USB Flash Drive), 4 Pages, 2010/10
Suzuki et al. (
, 
, 268-275, 2008) estimated that more than 80% of Iodine-129 (I) in seawater in the Japan Sea came from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. Considering the distance from the main nuclear reprocessing plants in Europe to the Japan Sea and the time scales of atmospheric and ocean circulations, large portion of I in the Japan Sea is presumed to be transported through the atmosphere. In the present study, a global chemical transport model, MOZART-4, is applied to investigate the behavior of I emitted from nuclear fuel reprocessing plants in Europe (Sellafield in the UK and La Hague in France) and to estimate the distribution in the atmosphere and deposition in remote sites. The result of numerical simulation for more than fifty-year period from the 1950s is validated by comparison with measurements of I around the world and analyzed to clarify the characteristic of the distributions of concentration and deposition of I. The modeled concentrations of I in precipitation in Europe and depositions in Japanese waters are in the same order as measurements. The emitted I to the atmosphere is distributed and deposited all over the Northern Hemisphere due to the prevailing westerlies. The emission of I to the atmosphere is thus important in considering the transport and deposition of I to remote sites.
Suzuki, Takashi; Minakawa, Masayuki*; Kabuto, Shoji; Togawa, Orihiko
Dai-12-Kai AMS Shimpojiumu Hokokushu, p.69 - 72, 2010/05
no abstracts in English
Suzuki, Takashi; Minakawa, Masayuki*; Amano, Hikaru; Togawa, Orihiko
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 268, p.1229 - 1231, 2010/04
Times Cited Count：22 Percentile：14.14(Instruments & Instrumentation)no abstracts in English
Tanaka, Takayuki; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Wakita, Masahide*; Amano, Hikaru*; Togawa, Orihiko
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 268(7-8), p.1219 - 1221, 2010/04
Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：40.73(Instruments & Instrumentation)Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seawater is one of the largest reservoirs of organic matter on the earth's surface, holding approximately as much carbon as available in atmospheric CO
. As a result of the huge carbon reservoir, the role and dynamics of DOC have become of greater interest in the global carbon cycle. It has been suggested that dissolved organic radiocarbon (
C-DOC) in seawater is a powerful tool to understand the dynamics of DOC and its researches have been carried out using AMS. However, there are very few data in the world oceans because of the difficulties of the measurement technique. Although it has been represented that the western North Pacific plays an important role in the carbon cycle from the viewpoint of a terminal of the deep water circulation in the world oceans and a high biological activity, C-DOC has not been measured yet. In this study, we obtained its vertical profile in the western North Pacific for the first time.
Aramaki, Takafumi*; Togawa, Orihiko; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi
JAEA-Conf 2010-001, p.39 - 43, 2010/03
no abstracts in English
ISuzuki, Takashi; Minakawa, Masayuki*; Togawa, Orihiko
JAEA-Conf 2010-001, p.15 - 18, 2010/03
no abstracts in English
Nishizawa, Masato; Suzuki, Takashi; Nagai, Haruyasu; Togawa, Orihiko
JAEA-Conf 2010-001, p.105 - 108, 2010/03
no abstracts in English
Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Suzuki, Takashi; Tanaka, Takayuki; Ito, Toshimichi; Kobayashi, Takuya; Kawamura, Hideyuki; Minakawa, Masayuki*; Aramaki, Takafumi*; Senju, Tomoharu*; Togawa, Orihiko
JAEA-Data/Code 2009-020, 27 Pages, 2010/02
JAEA-Data-Code-2009-020.pdf:2.45MB
The database for the Japan Sea parameters on marine environment and radionuclides (JASPER) has been established by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency as a product of the Japan Sea Expeditions. By the previous version of the database, data for representative anthropogenic radionuclides were opened to public. And now, data for radiocarbon and fundamental oceanographic properties (salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen) including nutrients (silicate, phosphate, nitrate and nitrite) are released as the second volume of the database. In the second volume, 20,398 data records are stored including 2,695 data for temperature, 2,883 data for salinity, 2,109 data for dissolved oxygen, 11,051 data for the nutrients, and 1,660 data for radiocarbon. The database will be a strong tool for the continuous monitoring for contamination by anthropogenic radionuclides, studies on biogeochemical cycle, and development and validation of models for numerical simulations in the sea.
Kobayashi, Takuya; Togawa, Orihiko; Ito, Toshimichi; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Kawamura, Hideyuki; Hayashi, Keisuke*; Shima, Shigeki*; Nakayama, Tomoharu*; In, Teiji*
JAEA-Research 2009-040, 63 Pages, 2009/12
JAEA-Research-2009-040.pdf:12.19MB
A spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant has the possibility of routine releases of liquid radioactive wastes from a discharge pipe to the off Shimokita region during its operations. Thus, for environmental safety, it is important to assess the migration processes of released radionuclides from the plant. Therefore, an ocean circulation prediction code and an oceanic radionuclides migration prediction code, which were developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency, has been improved to describe the migration behavior of radionuclides in the off Shimokita region. Parameters on characteristics and dynamics of particulate materials in seawater have also been obtained in the study area for the adjustment and verification of the oceanic radionuclides migration prediction code. This report summarizes the primary results of the study which was carried out at the off Shimokita region from FY2003 to 2008.
Tanaka, Takayuki; Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Amano, Hikaru; Togawa, Orihiko
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 46(3), p.289 - 294, 2009/03
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：88.61(Nuclear Science & Technology)We developed an extraction system of carbon from dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to achieve its accurate and precision C measurement by AMS. The system was devised for reducing the blank carbon by decreasing the contamination of dead carbon mainly induced from oil products and CO in air, and for extracting it from large volume seawater. The developed system gained lower blank than the previous studies to be less than 1% of sample size. It was demonstrated that the C value extracted from organic material by the system of lower blank was agreed with that by the conventional combusted method and the precision was very low value of 
5‰. Results indicated that the system achieved the high accuracy and precision for C. We tied to measure DOC in large volume seawater and confirmed the great extraction and good precision to be 8‰. Results revealed that the system attained the supreme accuracy and precision for DOC in large volume seawater.
I and C in the eastern Japan BasinSuzuki, Takashi; Minakawa, Masayuki*; Togawa, Orihiko
Dai-11-Kai AMS Shimpojiumu Hokokushu, p.31 - 34, 2009/01
no abstracts in English
Otosaka, Shigeyoshi; Tanaka, Takayuki; Togawa, Orihiko; Amano, Hikaru; Karasev, E. V.*; Minakawa, Masayuki*; Noriki, Shinichiro*
Journal of Oceanography, 64(6), p.911 - 923, 2008/12
Times Cited Count：17 Percentile：56.2(Oceanography)Transport processes of particulate organic carbon (POC) were inferred from sediment trap experiments in the three regions of the Japan Sea (western and eastern Japan Basin and Yamato Basin) and radiocarbon measurement. Annual mean C/
C isotopic ratio decreased with depth and the vertical changes in the isotopic signature were considered to indicate mixing of two fractions; labile POC produced in the surface and refractory POC. From seasonal variations of POC flux of the two fractions, transport processes of POC in the Japan Sea were summarized as follows: (1) In the Japan Basin, both labile and refractory POC were supplied in spring and a reservoir of refractory POC was formed, and (2) in the Yamato Basin, larger amount of refractory POC were carried the interior and accumulated rapidly.
