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Journal Articles

Construction of new polygon mesh-type phantoms based on adult Japanese voxel phantoms

Sato, Kaoru; Furuta, Takuya; Satoh, Daiki; Tsuda, Shuichi

PLOS ONE (Internet), 19(10), p.e0309753_1 - e0309753_26, 2024/10

The authors previously developed the adult male (JM-103) and female (JF-103) voxel phantoms with standard Japanese body sizes for dose assessment of radiation accidents and medical exposures. However, JM-103 and JF-103 were not applicable to dose assessment considering posture at the time of exposure due to limitations in description format and resolution. In this study, we developed the polygon mesh-type adult Japanese phantoms (male: JPM, female: JPF) based on JM-103 and JF-103. The detailed models of skin and lens with radiosensitive regions less than 1 mm thick were incorporated into JPM and JPF. The effective doses, and skin and lens (entire and radiosensitive regions) doses were calculated for external irradiation with photons or electrons in anterior-posterior geometry. It was confirmed that dose analysis results by JPM and JPF were consistent with the previous reports. In the future, we will develop a detailed dose assessment method for individuals, taking into account their postures at the time of exposure, by applying the posture deformation technique currently under development to the JPM and JPF.

Journal Articles

Improvement of the hybrid approach between Monte Carlo simulation and analytical function for calculating microdosimetric probability densities in macroscopic matter

Sato, Tatsuhiko; Matsuya, Yusuke*; Ogawa, Tatsuhiko; Kai, Takeshi; Hirata, Yuho; Tsuda, Shuichi; Parisi, A.*

Physics in Medicine & Biology, 68(15), p.155005_1 - 155005_15, 2023/07

 Times Cited Count:5 Percentile:80.72(Engineering, Biomedical)

In this study, we improved the microdosimetric function implemented in PHITS using the latest track-structure simulation codes. The improved function is capable of calculating the probability densities of not only the conventional microdosimetric quantities such as lineal energy but also the numbers of ionization events occurred in a target site, the so-called ionization cluster size distribution, for arbitrary site diameters from 3 nm to 1 um. As a new application of the improved function, we calculated the relative biological effectiveness of the single-strand break and double-strand break yields for proton irradiations using the updated PHITS coupled with the simplified DNA damage estimation model, and confirmed its equivalence in accuracy and its superiority in computational time compared to our previously proposed method based on the track-structure simulation.

Journal Articles

Work function lowering of LaB$$_{6}$$ by monolayer hexagonal boron nitride coating for improved photo- and thermionic-cathodes

Yamaguchi, Hisato*; Yusa, Ryunosuke*; Wang, G.*; Pettes, M. T.*; Liu, F.*; Tsuda, Yasutaka; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Abukawa, Tadashi*; Moody, N. A.*; Ogawa, Shuichi*

Applied Physics Letters, 122(14), p.141901_1 - 141901_7, 2023/04

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:80.55(Physics, Applied)

A lowering of work function for LaB$$_{6}$$ by monolayer hexagonal BN coating is reported. Photoemission electron microcopy (PEEM) and thermionic emission electron microscopy (TEEM) both revealed that the hBN coated region of a LaB$$_{6}$$(100) single crystal has lower work function compared to the bare (i.e., non-coated) and graphene coated regions. A larger decrease of work function for the hBN coated LaB$$_{6}$$(100) compared to graphene coated LaB$$_{6}$$(100) was qualitatively supported by our density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Adding an oxide layer in the calculations improved consistency between the calculation and experimental results. We followed up our calculations with synchrotron-radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SR-XPS) and confirmed the presence of an oxide layer on our LaB$$_{6}$$.

Journal Articles

Benchmark shielding calculations for fusion and accelerator-driven sub-critical systems

Iwamoto, Yosuke; Tsuda, Shuichi; Ogawa, Tatsuhiko

Frontiers in Energy Research (Internet), 11, p.1085264_1 - 1085264_11, 2023/01

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.00(Energy & Fuels)

This review describes experimental data useful for validation of radiation shielding design in advanced reactor systems such as nuclear fusion and accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADS) and calculations using the PHITS code and JENDL-4.0/HE. The relevant experiments have been conducted mainly in Japan and include (1) neutron spectra in iron shields using 14 MeV neutron sources, (2) leakage neutron spectra from spherical piles of various materials using 14 MeV neutron sources, (3) neutron spectra after penetration through shields using several tens of MeV neutron sources, (4) neutron spectra produced from the target by high-energy heavy-ion bombardment, and (5) induced radioactivity in concrete using heavy-ion nuclear reaction product particles as a source. Throughout, the experimental and calculated values were agreed well. These experimental data are also useful for the validation of all radiation transport calculation codes used in the design of advanced reactor systems.

Journal Articles

Evaluation of doped potassium concentrations in stacked two-Layer graphene using real-time XPS

Ogawa, Shuichi*; Tsuda, Yasutaka; Sakamoto, Tetsuya*; Okigawa, Yuki*; Masuzawa, Tomoaki*; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Abukawa, Tadashi*; Yamada, Takatoshi*

Applied Surface Science, 605, p.154748_1 - 154748_6, 2022/12

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:59.05(Chemistry, Physical)

Immersion of graphene in KOH solution improves its mobility on SiO$$_{2}$$/Si wafers. This is thought to be due to electron doping by modification with K atoms, but the K atom concentration C$$_{K}$$ in the graphene has not been clarified yet. In this study, the C$$_{K}$$ was determined by XPS analysis using high-brilliance synchrotron radiation. The time evolution of C$$_{K}$$ was determined by real-time observation, and the C$$_{K}$$ before irradiation of synchrotron radiation was estimated to be 0.94%. The C 1s spectrum shifted to the low binding energy side with the desorption of K atoms. This indicates that the electron doping concentration into graphene is decreasing, and it is experimentally confirmed that K atoms inject electrons into graphene.

Journal Articles

Roles of excess minority carrier recombination and chemisorbed O$$_{2}$$ species at SiO$$_{2}$$/Si interfaces in Si dry oxidation; Comparison between p-Si(001) and n-Si(001) surfaces

Tsuda, Yasutaka; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Ogawa, Shuichi*; Sakamoto, Tetsuya*; Yamamoto, Yoshiki*; Yamamoto, Yukio*; Takakuwa, Yuji*

Journal of Chemical Physics, 157(23), p.234705_1 - 234705_21, 2022/12

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:9.30(Chemistry, Physical)

Journal Articles

Observation of chemisorbed O$$_2$$ molecule at SiO$$_2$$/Si(001) interface during Si dry oxidation

Tsuda, Yasutaka; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Ogawa, Shuichi*; Sakamoto, Tetsuya*; Takakuwa, Yuji*

e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology (Internet), 21(1), p.30 - 39, 2022/11

Journal Articles

Crystal configuration dependence of CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors on environmental dose rate measurement

Tsuda, Shuichi; Saito, Kimiaki

Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 198(17), p.1283 - 1291, 2022/10

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.00(Environmental Sciences)

Spherical or cylindrical detectors superior to directional characteristic are commonly used to monitor dose rates in the environment to detect scattering gamma-rays emitted from radionuclides in soil or air. The authors have performed environmental dose rates measurements using various kinds of detectors to investigate the directional characteristics, and experimentally verified the variations in dose rates due to directional characteristics unique to each detector. Furthermore, a dose rate measured by a CsI(Tl) scintillation detector with cuboidal crystal agreed with that by a CsI(Tl) scintillation detector with cylindrical crystal. Simulations by PHITS under various CsI(Tl) crystal configurations revealed that there are certain aspect ratios of cuboidal CsI(Tl) crystal with less directional dependence. Since cubes are advantageous in terms of production cost, this result indicates the potential of CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors with cuboidal crystal for use in the environmental dose rate monitoring.

Journal Articles

Overview of the technical review group activity related to shielding experiment in OECD/NEA

Tsuda, Shuichi

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO$$Sigma$$, 63(5), p.415 - 419, 2021/05

This article reports the recent activity on the integral shielding experimental database in Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The author had been working as a secretary in the division of Nuclear Science in NEA for three years by September 2020. The Division of Nuclear Science has been playing an important role to provide a place for exchanging information about nuclear physics and nuclear data, recently about fuels and materials as well, and to develop various experimental databases. Japanese participants have historically contributed to the integral experimental databases of criticality safety, nuclear physics, and shielding. Due to expansion of world-wide shutdowns of nuclear experimental facilities, importance of data preservation has been increasing, and further contributions from Japanese community are expected. This paper will report the OECD/NEA integral shielding experimental database and the recent activity of technical review group that is indispensable for preparation of database with high reliability.

Journal Articles

Overview of OECD/NEA and contribution of Japan, 5; Nuclear Science Committee and the Data Bank

Tsuda, Shuichi; Suyama, Kenya*

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO$$Sigma$$, 63(3), p.278 - 282, 2021/03

Series of articles have been posted to Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (ATOMO$$Sigma$$) by Japanese secretaries working in Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to share the recent information. The Division of Nuclear Science has been playing an important role to provide a place for exchanging information about nuclear physics and nuclear data, recently about fuels and materials as well, and the author had been working in the Division as a secretariat for three years since September 2017. The Data bank is in charge of management and distribution of databases developed in NEA, and has been strengthening the user support system and cooperation with other NEA committees. This paper will report the recent activities related to Nuclear Science and the Data bank, and hopefully also provide information for further deepening relations between NEA and the Japanese participants by introducing their contributions.

Journal Articles

Analyses of $$H$$*(10) dose rates measured in environment contaminated by radioactive caesium; Correction of directional dependence of scintillation detectors

Tsuda, Shuichi; Tanigaki, Minoru*; Yoshida, Tadayoshi; Okumura, Ryo*; Saito, Kimiaki

Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 193(3-4), p.228 - 236, 2021/03

AA2020-0760.pdf:0.87MB

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:37.09(Environmental Sciences)

Environmental dose rate monitoring has been performed with various scintillation detectors since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Gamma-rays from caesium isotopes deposited in soil enter radiation detectors in any direction, but directional dependence of the detectors used for dose rate measurements are not always uniform and the dose rates vary even if measurement takes place at the same place. To investigate the influence of crystal configurations on dose rate, dose rate measurements using several scintillation detectors with different crystal configurations were conducted. By measuring pulse height spectra and multiplying them with spectrum - dose conversion operators (G(E) function), dose rates were deduced and compared. It was found that the dose rates varied within approximately 25% among six detectors. To reduce the differences, the dose rate using G(E) functions determined in rotational geometry were obtained and applied instead. The revised dose rates agreed with one another within uncertainties, but this was not the case of scintillation detector with flat crystal shape, and it means this method could not compensate its strong directional dependence. These experimental results reveal that detectors with superior directional characteristics should be used for environmental dose rate measurement since the compensation of directional dependence using a G(E) function determined in rotational geometry is not always available.

Journal Articles

Summary of temporal changes in air dose rates and radionuclide deposition densities in the 80 km zone over five years after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident

Saito, Kimiaki; Mikami, Satoshi; Ando, Masaki; Matsuda, Norihiro; Kinase, Sakae; Tsuda, Shuichi; Yoshida, Tadayoshi; Sato, Tetsuro*; Seki, Akiyuki; Yamamoto, Hideaki*; et al.

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 210, p.105878_1 - 105878_12, 2019/12

 Times Cited Count:37 Percentile:79.42(Environmental Sciences)

Journal Articles

Temporal change in radiological environments on land after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident

Saito, Kimiaki; Mikami, Satoshi; Ando, Masaki; Matsuda, Norihiro; Kinase, Sakae; Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tetsuro*; Seki, Akiyuki; Sanada, Yukihisa; Wainwright-Murakami, Haruko*; et al.

Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 44(4), p.128 - 148, 2019/12

Journal Articles

Decreasing trend of ambient dose equivalent rates over a wide area in eastern Japan until 2016 evaluated by car-borne surveys using KURAMA systems

Ando, Masaki; Mikami, Satoshi; Tsuda, Shuichi; Yoshida, Tadayoshi; Matsuda, Norihiro; Saito, Kimiaki

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 192, p.385 - 398, 2018/12

 Times Cited Count:15 Percentile:42.35(Environmental Sciences)

Car-borne surveys using KURAMA systems have been conducted over a wide area in eastern Japan since 2011. The measurement data collected until 2016 was analyzed, and decreasing trend of the dose rates in regions within 80 km of Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant were examined. The averaged dose rates tended to decrease considerably with respect to the physical decay of radiocaesium, and the ecological half-lives of the fast and slow decay components were estimated. The decrease of the dose rate in the forest was slower than its decrease in other regions, and the decrease of the dose rate in urban area was the fastest. The decrease in the dose rates obtained via the car-borne survey was larger than that obtained on flat ground with few disturbances using survey meters approximately 1.5 y after the accident; hereafter, the decrease in the dose rates obtained via the car-borne survey was same as the latter measurement.

Journal Articles

Review of the performance of a car-borne survey system, KURAMA-II, used to measure the dose rate after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident

Tsuda, Shuichi; Tanigaki, Minoru*; Yoshida, Tadayoshi; Saito, Kimiaki

Hoshasen, 44(3), p.109 - 118, 2018/11

JAEA has started to perform dose rate monitoring using a car-borne survey system KURAMA to rapidly produce the dose rate mappings of the deposited radionuclides in the environment after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. KURAMA is a car-borne survey system developed by Kyoto University to perform dose rate monitoring in a wide area in detail with rapidity. By improving KURAMA with continuous dose rate monitoring, the 2nd generation of KURAMA (KURAMA-II) succeeded in downsizing, durability and automated transmission of data so that enable detailed dose rate mapping in wide area in shorter period of time. This paper reports the radiation characteristics and the simulation analysis of KURAMA-II on the special issue of Hoshasen, the journal of Ionization Radiation Division in the Japan society of applied physics.

Journal Articles

Dependence of dose rate measurement in the environment on crystal configuration of scintillation detectors

Tsuda, Shuichi; Tanigaki, Minoru*; Yoshida, Tadayoshi; Okumura, Ryo*; Saito, Kimiaki

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi, 17(1), p.11 - 17, 2018/03

Environmental dose rate monitoring has been performed using scintillation detectors since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident happened. After the accident, various scintillation detectors with directional dependence are used in the measurement, though detectors with superior directional dependence are needed because photons come from various direction in the environment. To investigate the influence of crystal configurations on indicated values of dose rates, pulse height spectra were measured using scintillation-based detectors with different crystal configurations and ambient dose rates were obtained using a spectrum - dose conversion operator (G(E) function). It is found that the dose rate for a rectangular-parallelepiped crystal is $$sim$$ 40% than that for a cylindrical one at the maximum. However, the values agreed within 10% among all the detectors irrespective of the crystal shapes, using G(E) functions determined in a rotational irradiation geometry.

Journal Articles

Spectrum-dose conversion operator of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors for air dose rate measurement in contaminated environments

Tsuda, Shuichi; Saito, Kimiaki

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 166(Part 3), p.419 - 426, 2017/01

 Times Cited Count:31 Percentile:68.99(Environmental Sciences)

Air dose rate monitoring in the environment has been performed since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident happened. In the measurement, NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors are used, which are usually used in nuclear power plants and calibrated in a uniform irradiation condition in a radiation calibration field. In general, however, the detector responses are dependent on incident direction and in reality, the incident direction of the photons is not uniform in the environment. In this study, to evaluate the dependence of dose on the photon incident direction, the spectrum - dose conversion operator (G(E) function) for air kerma in a semi-infinite radiation field were obtained using the PHITS code for commonly used NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors. The results indicate that the commonly used scintillation detectors overestimate the doses by a maximum of 40% for mono-energetic photons but under the real environment, one could obtain the dose in the semi-infinite radiation field within 20%.

Journal Articles

Review of the microdosimetric studies for high-energy charged particle beams using a tissue-equivalent proportional counter

Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Ogawa, Tatsuhiko; Sasaki, Shinichi*

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 11, p.060004_1 - 060004_6, 2016/11

Track structure and energy deposition around charged particle beams in microscopic site of a living cell is important information for understanding of biological effects of energetic heavy ion beams. In this work, measurements of lineal energy ($$y$$) distributions for various kinds of ion beams have been performed for the verification of the microdosimetric function that incorporated in the PHITS code. In the international symposium focused on radiation detectors, the wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter that developed in this study to measure $$y$$ distributions will be introduced, together with a series of data.

Journal Articles

Measurement of lineal energy distributions for ion beams using a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter

Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Ogawa, Tatsuhiko

JAEA-Review 2015-022, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2014, P. 141, 2016/09

Deposit energy distribution in microscopic site in a living cell is important information for understanding of biological effects of energetic heavy ion beams. In this work, a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter has been used for the measurement of lineal energy ($$y$$) distributions and dose-mean of $$y$$ ($$overline{y}$$$$_{D}$$) at radial direction of 30 MeV H at TIARA, for the verification of the microdosimetric function of PHITS. The measured $$yf$$ ($$y$$) summed in radial direction agree with the corresponding data from the microdosimetric calculations using the PHITS code fairly well. The $$overline{y}$$$$_{D}$$ of 30 MeV proton beam presents the smallest value at $$r$$ = 0.0 and gradually increase with radial distance, while the values of heavy ions such as iron showed rapid decrease with radial distance. This experimental result demonstrates that the stochastic deposit energy distribution of high-energy protons in microscopic region is rather constant both in the core and in the penumbra region of the track structure.

Journal Articles

Measurement of the stochastic radial dose distribution for a 30-MeV proton beam using a wall-less tissue-equivalent proportional counter

Tsuda, Shuichi; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Ogawa, Tatsuhiko

Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 168(2), p.190 - 196, 2016/02

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:18.60(Environmental Sciences)

Deposit energy distribution in microscopic site in a living cell is important information for understanding of biological effects of energetic heavy ion beams. In this work, a wall-less tissue equivalent proportional counter has been used for the measurement of lineal energy (y) distributions and dose-mean of y (yD) at radial direction of 30 MeV H at TIARA, for the verification of the microdosimetric function of PHITS. The measured yf(y) summed in radial direction agree with the corresponding data from the microdosimetric calculations using the PHITS code fairly well. The yD of 30 MeV proton beam presents the smallest value at r = 0.0 and gradually increase with radial distance, while the values of heavy ions such as iron showed rapid decrease with radial distance. This experimental result demonstrates that the stochastic deposit energy distribution of high-energy protons in microscopic region is rather constant both in the core and in the penumbra region of the track structure.

179 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)