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Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.
Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03
Times Cited Count：43 Percentile：96.93(Astronomy & Astrophysics)Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 
C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.
Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Arai, Takehiko*; Nakauchi, Yusuke*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.
Science, 364(6437), p.272 - 275, 2019/04
Times Cited Count：259 Percentile：99.73(Multidisciplinary Sciences)The near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, the target of Hayabusa2 sample return mission, is believed to be a primitive carbonaceous object. The Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on Hayabusa2 acquired reflectance spectra of Ryugu's surface to provide direct measurements of the surface composition and geological context for the returned samples. A weak, narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 micron was detected across the entire observed surface, indicating that hydroxyl (OH)-bearing minerals are ubiquitous there. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are similar to thermally- and/or shock-metamorphosed carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. There are few variations in the OH-band position, consistent with Ryugu being a compositionally homogeneous rubble-pile object generated from impact fragments of an undifferentiated aqueously altered parent body.
Suzuki, Hiroshi; Yamada, Rui*; Tsubaki, Shinki*; Imafuku, Muneyuki*; Sato, Shigeo*; Watanuki, Tetsu; Machida, Akihiko; Saida, Junji*
Metals, 6(1), p.12_1 - 12_11, 2016/01
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：17.57(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Elastic deformation behaviors of as-cast and annealed eutectic and hypoeutectic Zr-Cu-Al bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) were investigated on a basis of different strain-scales determined by X-ray scattering and the strain gauge. The microscopic strains determined by Direct-space method (DSM) and Q-space method (QSM) were compared with the macroscopic strain measured by the strain gauge, and the difference in the deformation mechanism between eutectic and hypoeutectic Zr-Cu-Al BMGs was investigated by their correlation. The eutectic Zr
Cu
Al
BMG obtains more homogeneous microstructure by free-volume annihilation after annealing, improving a resistance to deformation but degrading ductility because of a decrease in the volume fraction of WBRs (Weakly-Bonded Regions) with relatively high mobility. On the other hand, the as-cast hypoeutectic Zr
Cu
Al BMG originally has homogeneous microstructure, but loses its structural and elastic homogeneities because of nanocluster formation after annealing. Such structural changes after annealing might develop unique mechanical properties showing no degradations of ductility and toughness for the structural-relaxed hypoeutectic BMGs.
Asano, Atsushi*; Takano, Katsuyoshi*; Chiba, Atsuya; Saito, Yuichi; Marui, Hiromi*; Omichi, Masaaki*; Maeyoshi, Yuta*; Honsho, Yoshito*; Saeki, Akinori*; Yamada, Keisuke; et al.
JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 163, 2013/01
Takir, D.*; Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Arai, Takehiko*; Nakauchi, Yusuke*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; et al.
no journal, ,
JAXA spacecraft and sample return mission Hayabusa2 has arrived at the near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, which is classified a primitive carbonaceous object. Here we report recent results of near-infrared spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. The observations provide direct measurements of the surface composition of Ryugu and context for the returned samples. NIRS3 has detected a weak and narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 micrometer across entire observed surface. This absorption feature is attributed to the presence of OH-bearing minerals. The NIRS3 observations also revealed that Ryugu is the darkest object to be observed up-close by a visiting spacecraft. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are consistent with thermally-and/or shock-metamorphosed, and/or carbon-rich space-weathered primitive and hydrated carbonaceous chondrites.
Sakai, Kazumi*; Ogata, Rui*; Yamada, Shuhei*; Kimura, Nobuharu*; Matsumoto, Yoshihiro*; Kurita, Keisuke
no journal, ,
Rolling element bearings with grease lubrication are widely used for axis rotations in motors. Unlike liquid lubricants, the fluidity of semisolid greases in bearings plays an important role in bearing performances. The fluidity is often described as channeling and churning states. The states are well known, however, cannot be seen from outside bearings. Therefore, visualizations of greases in bearings are beneficial to understand the grease fluidity, however, methods for non-destructive observations of the inside of bearings are limited. The neutron imaging technology was applied for non-destructive observation of the grease fluidity inside a ball bearing in this study. The technology is based on a characteristic that neutron passes through heavy elements and interacts to light elements. In other words, neutron can identify lubricants with light elements inside the bearing with heavy elements.
