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論文

Single crystal growth of superconducting UTe$$_2$$ by molten salt flux method

酒井 宏典; Opletal, P.; 常盤 欣文; 山本 悦嗣; 徳永 陽; 神戸 振作; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review Materials (Internet), 6(7), p.073401_1 - 073401_10, 2022/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.6.073401
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：63.19(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

スピン三重項超伝導体UTe$$_2$$の新規合成ルートとして溶融塩フラックス法を適用した。合成条件を最適化した結果、今までで最高の超伝導転移温度$$T_{rm c}=2.1$$ Kを記録した。これらの単結晶は、著しく大きな残留抵抗率比を示し、$$T_{rm c}$$以下における残留比熱も小さくなった。これらはウラン空孔による結晶欠陥が減少したことを示しており、溶融塩フラックス中の余剰金属ウランが、還元雰囲気を作り、四価ウランが五価となるのを防ぎウラン空孔生成を抑制しているようだ。また、低融点フラックスがテルルの蒸発を防ぐ効果も期待できる。

論文

Effect of uranium deficiency on normal and superconducting properties in unconventional superconductor UTe$$_2$$

芳賀 芳範; Opletal, P.; 常盤 欣文; 山本 悦嗣; 徳永 陽; 神戸 振作; 酒井 宏典

Journal of Physics; Condensed Matter, 34(17), p.175601_1 - 175601_7, 2022/04

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/ac5201
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：95.08(Physics, Condensed Matter)

Single crystals of the unconventional superconductor UTe$$_2$$ have been grown in various conditions. Superconducting samples are nearly stoichiometric within an experimental error of about 1%, while non-superconducting sample significantly deviates from the ideal composition. The superconducting UTe$$_2$$ showed that the large density of states was partially gapped in the normal state, while the non-superconducting sample is characterized by the relatively large electronic specific heat as reported previously.

論文

Electronic structure of ThPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$; Impact of the U $$5f$$ states on the electronic structure of UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review B, 105(11), p.115128_1 - 115128_6, 2022/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.115128
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The electronic structure of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$, which is isostructural to the heavy fermion superconductor $$mathrm{UPd_2 Al_3}$$, was investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy. The band structure and Fermi surfaces of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ were obtained by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), and the results were well-explained by the band-structure calculation based on the local density approximation. The comparison between the ARPES spectra and the band-structure calculation suggests that the Fermi surface of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ mainly consists of the $$mathrm{Al}~3p$$ and $$mathrm{Th}~6d$$ states with a minor contribution from the $$mathrm{Pd}~4d$$ states. The comparison of the band structures between $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ and $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ argues that the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ states form Fermi surfaces in $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ through hybridization with the $$mathrm{Al}~3p$$ state in the $$mathrm{Al}$$ layer, suggesting that the Fermi surface of $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ has a strong three-dimensional nature.

論文

Anisotropic physical properties of layered antiferromagnet U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Ga$$_{15}$$

松本 裕司*; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 竹内 徹也*; 三宅 厚志*; 徳永 将史*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(7), p.074707_1 - 074707_6, 2021/07

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.074707
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

A uranium intermetallic compound U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Ga$$_{15}$$ was successfully synthesized. This compound crystallizes in the hexagonal Sc$$_{0.6}$$Fe$$_2$$Si$$_{4.9}$$-type structure. Antiferromagnetic transition with highly magnetic anisotropy was established by the physical property measurements.

論文

Observation of longitudinal magnetic fluctuations at a first-order ferromagnetic quantum phase transition in UGe$$_2$$

野間 雄一郎*; 小手川 恒*; 久保 徹郎*; 藤 秀樹*; 播磨 尚朝*; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*; 伊藤 公平*; 仲村 愛*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(7), p.073707_1 - 073707_5, 2021/07

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.073707
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Ferromagnetic fluctuation relevant to the pressure-induced superconductivity in UGe$$_2$$ is investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy. Longitudinal magnetic fluctuations were observed in the spin-echo decay rate near the ferromagnetic critical point where superconductivity takes place. This result strongly suggests that superconductivity in ferromagnets is universally mediated by anisotropic magnetic fluctuations.

論文

Electronic structure of URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ in paramagnetic phase; Three-dimensional angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Electronic Structure (Internet), 3(2), p.024008_1 - 024008_8, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1075/abfd20

The three-dimensional (3D) electronic structure of the hidden order compound $$mathrm{URu_2Si_2}$$ in a paramagnetic phase was revealed using a 3D angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy where the electronic structure of the entire Brillouin zone is obtained by scanning both incident photon energy and detection angles of photoelectrons. The quasi-particle bands with enhanced contribution from the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ state were observed near $$E_mathrm{F}$$, formed by the hybridization with the $$mathrm{Ru}~4d$$ states. The energy dispersion of the quasi-particle band is significantly depend on$$k_z$$, indicating that they inherently have a 3D nature. The band-structure calculation qualitatively explain the characteristic features of the band structure and Fermi surface although the electron correlation effect strongly renormalizes the quasi-particle bands. The 3D and strongly-correlated nature of the quasi-particle bands in$$mathrm{URu_2Si_2}$$ is an essential ingredient for modeling its hidden-order transition.

論文

Intriguing behavior of UCo$$_{1-x}$$Rh$$_x$$Ge ferromagnets in magnetic field along the $$b$$ axis

Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 芳賀 芳範; 三宅 厚志*; 神戸 振作; 徳永 陽; 徳永 将史*; 山本 悦嗣; Proschek, P.*; Voln$'y$, J.*; Sechovsk$'y$, V.*

Physical Review B, 102(2), p.024442_1 - 024442_13, 2020/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.024442
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：47.44(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Alloying study of ferromagnetic superconductors URhGe and UCoGe is reported. The Curie temperature shows a maximum at Rh concentration $$x$$ = 0.4 in UCo$$_{1-x}$$Rh$$_x$$Ge. Magnetic characteristices in low- and high-$$x$$ regions are significantly different each other. The relationship between magnetism and superconductivity are discussed.

論文

The $$f$$-electron state of the heavy fermion superconductor NpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$ and the isostructural family

目時 直人; Aczel, A. A.*; 青木 大*; Chi, S.*; Fernandez-Baca, J. A.*; Griveau, J.-C.*; 萩原 雅人*; Hong, T.*; 芳賀 芳範; 池内 和彦*; et al.

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 30, p.011123_1 - 011123_6, 2020/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.30.011123

希土類(4$$f$$)やアクチノイド(5$$f$$)は、電子数の増加とともに複雑さを増し、様々な相互作用が競合して多様な状態が出現する。多体$$f$$電子系の結晶場分裂はバンド幅より狭いため、(1)高分解能の実験が必要で、(2)遍歴的なCeやU化合物は本質的に明瞭なスペクトルを示さない。また、(3)国際規制物質NpやPuなど超アクチノイド元素の取り扱いは厳しく規制されている。そこで比較的局在性の強い物質や希土類関連物質の、中性子散乱実験による磁気励起の研究が有益である。本稿では重い電子系化合物NpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$と関連物質の$$f$$電子状態について述べる。

論文

Structural characterization and magnetic behavior of uranium compound U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Al$$_{15}$$

芳賀 芳範; 菅井 孝志*; 松本 裕司*; 山本 悦嗣

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 29, p.013003_1 - 013003_5, 2020/02

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.29.013003

Crystal structure and magnetic property of U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Al$$_{15}$$ is investigated. A single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment identified the hexagonal unit cell with a disordered structure in the uranium containing layer. A series of superstructure reflections were found. They are successfully indexed as ($$h$$/3 $$k$$/3 0), however, with a streak along the $$l$$ direction. A layered structure model containing honeycomb arrangement of uranium atoms is proposed. Preliminary magnetization measurements on a polycrystalline sample are also presented.

論文

Novel universality class for the ferromagnetic transition in the low carrier concentration systems UTeS and USeS exhibiting large negative magnetoresistance

立岩 尚之; 芳賀 芳範; 酒井 宏典; 山本 悦嗣

Physical Review B, 100(6), p.064413_1 - 064413_7, 2019/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.064413
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：6.44(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

少数キャリア系UTeS, USeSの強磁性転移温度近辺における磁化の臨界挙動について研究を行った。自発磁化等の温度依存から、各種臨界指数$$beta$$,$$gamma$$, $$delta$$を決定した。これらの強磁性状態は一軸磁気異方性が大きいことが特徴である。しかし、その臨界現象は三次元イジングのユニバーサリティクラスに属さないことが明らかになった。ウラン系強磁性超伝導物質UGe$$_2$$とURhGeでも類似の臨界指数が報告されている。本研究の結果、この新奇な臨界現象は系のキャリア数に依存せず出現することが明らかになった。

論文

Evidence for weak spin-orbit interaction experienced by Cooper pairs in the spin-triplet superconductor UPt$$_3$$; $$^{195}$$Pt-NMR study

青山 泰介*; 小手川 恒*; 木村 憲彰*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範; 大貫 惇睦*; 藤 秀樹*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 88(6), p.064706_1 - 064706_7, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.88.064706
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

$$^{195}$$Pt-NMR measurements under magnetic field ($$H$$) parallel to the $$c$$-axis in the vicinity of the upper critical field $$H_{rm c2}$$ have been carried out on the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt$$_3$$. The quasiparticle spin susceptibility was obtained from the measurements. The field dependence of the susceptibility suggests that the $$d$$-vector freely rotates in magnetic field. It is therefore concluded that spin-orbit interaction, which confines the direction of the $$d$$-vector with respect to the crystal axis, is weak in UPt$$_3$$.

論文

Electronic structure in heavy fermion compound UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ through directional Compton profile measurement

小泉 昭久*; 久保 康則*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範; 櫻井 吉晴*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 88(3), p.034714_1 - 034714_6, 2019/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.88.034714
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：26.18(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Directional Compton profiles of a heavy fermion compound UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ are measured in the basal plane of the hexagonal lattice. A remarkable change of the two-dimensional electron occupation number densities has been observed between 20 K and 100 K. Obtained results are attributed to the modification of the 5$$f$$ electronic states.

論文

Novel critical behavior of magnetization in URhSi; Similarities to the uranium ferromagnetic superconductors UGe$$_2$$ and URhGe

立岩 尚之; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣

Physical Review B, 99(9), p.094417_1 - 094417_12, 2019/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.094417
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：35.98(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

ウラン系強磁性物質URhSiについて、強磁性転移温度$$T_{rm C}$$近辺で磁気測定を行い、臨界現象の研究を行った。自発磁化の温度依存に関する臨界指数$$beta$$、磁化率の指数$$gamma$$、$$T_{rm C}$$における磁化に関する指数$$delta$$を、修正アロットプロットとスケーリング理論等を用いて決定した。URhSiの強磁性状態は一軸磁気異方性が大きいものの、臨界指数は三次元イジングモデルから期待されるもの($$beta$$ = 0.325, $$gamma$$ = 1.241, and $$delta$$ = 4.82)とは異なることが明らかにされた。URhSiの臨界指数($$beta$$ = 0.300 $$pm$$ 0.002, $$gamma$$ = 1.00 $$pm$$ 0.02, and $$delta$$ = 4.32 $$pm$$ 0.04)は、ウラン系強磁性超伝導物質UGe$$_2$$とURhGeと類似している。URhSiの静的磁性と動的磁性をウラン系強磁性超伝導物質と対比させ議論する。

論文

Manifestation of electron correlation effect in 5$$f$$ states of uranium compounds revealed by 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoelectron spectroscopy

藤森 伸一; 小畠 雅明; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 99(3), p.035109_1 - 035109_5, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.035109
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：47.24(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In the present study, we have elucidated the nature of the electron correlation effect in uranium compounds by imaging the partial $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ density of states (pDOS) of typical itinerant, localized, and heavy fermion uranium compounds by using the $$mathrm{U}$$ 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoemission spectroscopy. Obtained $$mathrm{U}~5$$ pDOS exhibit a systematic trend depending on the physical properties of compounds: Although the coherent peak at the Fermi level can be explained by the band-structure calculation, an incoherent peak emerges on the higher binding energy side ($$lesssim 1~mathrm{eV}$$) in the cases of localized and heavy fermion compounds. The intensity and energy position of the incoherent peak is increased and shifted to a higher binding energy as the localization of the $$mathrm{U}~5$$ state increases. These behaviors are consistent with the prediction of the Mott metal-insulator transition, suggesting that the Hubbard-$$U$$ type mechanism takes an essential role in the $$5f$$ electronic structure of actinide materials.

論文

Strong correlation between ferromagnetic superconductivity and pressure-enhanced ferromagnetic fluctuations in UGe$$_2$$

立岩 尚之; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣

Physical Review Letters, 121(23), p.237001_1 - 237001_6, 2018/12

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.237001
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：55.99(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

ウラン系強磁性超伝導物質UGe$$_2$$の高圧下磁化測定を行い、データをTakahashiによるスピンのゆらぎ理論を用いて解析した。強磁性相FM1とFM2の相境界$$P_x$$で、スピンゆらぎスペクトルの分布幅$$T_0$$に明確な異常が現れた。$$P_x$$では、超伝導転移温度$$T_{rm sc}$$が最大値を示す。このことは、$$P_x$$近辺で発達する強磁性スピンのゆらぎが超伝導出現に役割を果たすことを示唆する。また、パラメーター$${T_{rm Curie}}/{T_0}$$(ここで、$${T_{rm Curie}}$$は強磁性転移温度)の圧力変化から、局在性の強いFM2から遍歴性の強いFM1へ基底状態は転移することが示唆された。$$T_0$$と$$T_{rm sc}$$の関係について、銅酸化物超伝導体等、他の超伝導物質と議論された。

論文

Localized 5$$f^2$$ states in UPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$ and valence crossover in the Vicinity of Heavy-Fermion superconductivity

目時 直人; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 松田 雅昌*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 87(11), p.114712_1 - 114712_9, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.87.114712
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：33.45(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

ウラン金属間化合物UPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$は、四価イオンU$$^{4+}$$の局在5$$f^2$$($$^3H_4$$)電子状態を伴うことを中性子散乱による結晶場スペクトルから明らかにした。この電子状態は、最近研究した$$f$$電子数と結晶構造が同じ希土類参照物質PrPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$と同一であり、c軸方向に大きな磁気モーメントを伴う平べったい形状の軌道が、縦長の体心正方晶の持つ二次元結晶場ポテンシャルによって安定化されていることがわかった。ウランの5$$f$$電子が金属状態において局在的な性格を持つことは非常に珍しい発見であり、やはり、結晶構造の特殊性に起因する。ウランが四価イオンであることは、三価のNpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$との間に価数転移が存在することを意味し、この価数転移が結晶格子の異常や電気抵抗の増加によって観察されることを明らかにした。また、価数が不安定な領域で超伝導や磁気転移、重い電子系状態など多体効果の存在を示す数多くの現象が生じていることがわかった。

論文

Phenomenological approach to study the degree of the itinerancy of the 5$$f$$ electrons in actinide ferromagnets with spin fluctuation theory

立岩 尚之; Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 芳賀 芳範; 酒井 宏典; 松田 達磨*; 山本 悦嗣

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.104 - 107, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.104

ウラン系強磁性超伝導物質UGe$$_2$$, URhGe, UCoGeについて盛んに研究が行われてきた。最近、我々は69個のウラン化合物、7個のネプツニウム化合物、4個のプルトニウム化合物について、スピンゆらぎ理論の適用性を検討した。その結果、アクチノイド5$$f$$電子の遍歴性を示唆する結果が得られた。会議では全強磁性化合物の解析結果と、UGe$$_2$$のスピンのゆらぎパラーメーターの圧力依存を議論する。

論文

Electronic structure of URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy (INVITED)

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.82 - 85, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.82

One of the most remarkable properties of actinide compounds is the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic ordering which has been realized in several strongly-correlated uranium based compounds. In these compounds, both superconductivity and magnetic ordering originate from U 5f states. To understand the origin of the coexistence as well as the mechanism of the superconductivity, it is essential to reveal their U 5f electronic structures. In this presentation, the U 5f electronic structures of heavy Fermion superconductors UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ and URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy using soft X-rays from SPring-8 BL23SU are presented. For UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$, U 4d-5f resonant photoemission experiment was performed, and its partial U 5f spectrum was revealed experimentally. Furthermore, we have applied the three-dimentional ARPES to the hidden order compound URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$, and revealed its complete 3D electronic structure in the paramagnetic phase. Their electronic structures are discussed based on these results.

論文

Magnetization study on the Ising ferromagnet URhGe with high-precision angle-resolved magnetic field near the hard axis

中村 翔太*; 榊原 俊郎*; 清水 悠晴*; 橘高 俊一郎*; 河野 洋平*; 芳賀 芳範; Pospisil, J.; 山本 悦嗣

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.123 - 127, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.123

Dc magnetization measurements have been performed on the orthorhombic Ising ferromagnet Urge. We observed a clear first-order reorientation transition with a small hysteresis and estimated the tricritical point to be around 4 K. The magnetization and the thermal expansion data indicate the presence of a characteristic temperature of about 1 K.

論文

Anomalous Hall effect in a triangular-lattice antiferromagnet UNi$$_4$$B

小山田 明*; 猪原 崇生*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.128 - 131, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.128

We report the Hall effect measurements on a triangular-lattice antiferromagnet UNi$$_4$$B in the context of the proposed relevance of the ferroic order. Our measurements show that the Hall voltage is proportional to the square of the electric current and its coefficient increases significantly below the transition temperature, which supports the theoretical prediction.

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