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論文

Strongly renormalized quasiparticles in UPt$$_3$$

川崎 郁斗; 竹内 一陽*; 藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review B, 108(16), p.165127_1 - 165127_9, 2023/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.165127

We performed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments using soft X rays to investigate the electronic structure of the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt$$_3$$. The overall band structure revealed by the present ARPES measurements is compared with density-functional calculations for UPt$$_3$$ and the non-$$5f$$ reference compound ThPt$$_3$$. We showed that the calculation for ThPt$$_3$$ gives a better description of the experimental band structure, except for the $$5f$$-derived heavy quasiparticle bands. This situation is reminiscent of Ce-based heavy-fermion systems, whose band structures are often very similar to those of non-$$4f$$ La-based compounds. The narrow heavy quasiparticle bands are located just below the Fermi level ($$E_{rm F}$$), and their band structure could not be resolved by the present energy resolution. We also showed that most of the U $$5f$$ spectral weight exists not as the coherent heavy-fermion bands but as incoherent components that distribute over a wide energy range, spanning from near $$E_{rm F}$$ to approximately 2 eV. This result indicates that the heavy quasiparticle bands are enormously renormalized by the electron correlation effect. Additionally, we showed that the spectral intensity of the heavy-fermion bands is almost temperature independent, at least up to 100 K, where the magnetic susceptibility follows a Curie-Weiss behavior.

論文

Anomalous vortex dynamics in the spin-triplet superconductor UTe$$_2$$

常盤 欣文; 酒井 宏典; 神戸 振作; Opletal, P.; 山本 悦嗣; 木俣 基*; 淡路 智*; 佐々木 孝彦*; 柳瀬 陽一*; 芳賀 芳範; et al.

Physical Review B, 108(14), p.144502_1 - 144502_5, 2023/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.144502
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

$$b$$-軸磁場下で$$a$$-軸方向の電流を用いて測定することで、スピン3重項超伝導体UTe$$_2$$におけるボルテックスダイナミクスを研究した。驚くべきことに、超伝導状態の深部で、島状の臨界電流の低い領域を発見した。この現象は、ボルテックスのピンニングが弱まった結果と考えられる。特筆すべきは、この領域が最近提案された中間磁場の超伝導相と一致していることである。我々は、中間磁場超伝導状態において非特異的なボルテックスが存在する可能性を検討した。この中間状態では、複数の超伝導成分が混合するためボルテックスの中心部で超伝導の秩序パラメータが完全に消えない可能性があり、それがピニングが弱まる原因になっている可能性がある。

論文

Element-specific insight into ferromagnetic stability in UCoGe revealed by soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

竹田 幸治; Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 山上 浩志; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review B, 108(8), p.085129_1 - 085129_10, 2023/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.085129
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We investigated the element-specific electronic states and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe and Ru-substituted U(Co$$_{0.88}$$Ru$$_{0.12}$$)Ge using soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) experiments. YCoGe, a nonmagnetic compound without the 5$$f$$ electrons, was also examined as a reference material. The shapes of the XMCD spectra of UCoGe at the U $$N_mathrm{5}$$ and Ge $$L_mathrm{2,3}$$ edges are indistinguishably similar to those of U(Co$$_{0.88}$$Ru$$_{0.12}$$)Ge. On the other hand, the XMCD spectral shape at the Co $$L_mathrm{2}$$ edge is very peculiar and is changed by the existence of the U 5$$f$$ electrons and the Ru substitution. From the sum rule analysis for the XMCD spectra, it was found that the magnetic moments of the U 5$$f$$ and Co 3$$d$$ electrons in UCoGe and U(Co$$_{0.88}$$Ru$$_{0.12}$$)Ge are aligned in the same direction under the present experimental conditions; $$T$$ = 5.5 - 50 K and $$mu_mathrm{0}H$$ = 0 - 10 T. Furthermore, even in the case of YCoGe, the Co 3$$d$$ electrons have a large orbital magnetic moment, suggesting that the Co 3$$d$$ electrons in these compounds are in a low symmetric electronic environment originally. Through the $$T$$- and $$mu_mathrm{0}H$$-dependence of the XMCD intensity, it was revealed that the magnetic properties at the Co site are not simply induced by the magnetism at the U site and that the Co 3$$d$$ electrons play an important role in the stability of ferromagnetism.

論文

Ferromagnetic crossover within the ferromagnetic order of U$$_{7}$$Te$$_{12}$$

Opletal, P.; 酒井 宏典; 芳賀 芳範; 常盤 欣文; 山本 悦嗣; 神戸 振作; 徳永 陽

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 92(3), p.034704_1 - 034704_5, 2023/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.92.034704
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：52.21(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

U$$_{7}$$Te$$_{12}$$の単結晶の物理的性質を調べた。U$$_{7}$$Te$$_{12}$$が3つの非等価な結晶ウランサイトを持つ六方晶構造を持つことを確認した。常磁性モーメントは、すべてのサイトで一様なモーメントを仮定すると、ウランサイトあたり約1$$mu_{B}$$と推定される。強磁性相転移は$$T_{rm C}$$=48Kで発生し、面内磁化は急激に増加するが、面外成分はあまり増加しない。磁場冷却条件下で温度がさらに$$T_{rm C}$$以下に低下すると、面外成分はT$$^{star}$$=26K付近で急激に増加する。対照的に、T$$^{star}$$付近で面内成分はほとんど変化しない。比熱測定では、T$$^{star}$$付近に$$lambda$$型の異常がないことが示されているため、これらの振る舞いは、秩序した磁気モーメントの再配向、もしくは複数のウランサイトの連続した逐次磁気転移を示唆している。

論文

Single crystal growth of superconducting UTe$$_2$$ by molten salt flux method

酒井 宏典; Opletal, P.; 常盤 欣文; 山本 悦嗣; 徳永 陽; 神戸 振作; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review Materials (Internet), 6(7), p.073401_1 - 073401_10, 2022/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.6.073401
 被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：90.63(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

スピン三重項超伝導体UTe$$_2$$の新規合成ルートとして溶融塩フラックス法を適用した。合成条件を最適化した結果、今までで最高の超伝導転移温度$$T_{rm c}=2.1$$ Kを記録した。これらの単結晶は、著しく大きな残留抵抗率比を示し、$$T_{rm c}$$以下における残留比熱も小さくなった。これらはウラン空孔による結晶欠陥が減少したことを示しており、溶融塩フラックス中の余剰金属ウランが、還元雰囲気を作り、四価ウランが五価となるのを防ぎウラン空孔生成を抑制しているようだ。また、低融点フラックスがテルルの蒸発を防ぐ効果も期待できる。

論文

Effect of uranium deficiency on normal and superconducting properties in unconventional superconductor UTe$$_2$$

芳賀 芳範; Opletal, P.; 常盤 欣文; 山本 悦嗣; 徳永 陽; 神戸 振作; 酒井 宏典

Journal of Physics; Condensed Matter, 34(17), p.175601_1 - 175601_7, 2022/04

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/ac5201
 被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：89.04(Physics, Condensed Matter)

Single crystals of the unconventional superconductor UTe$$_2$$ have been grown in various conditions. Superconducting samples are nearly stoichiometric within an experimental error of about 1%, while non-superconducting sample significantly deviates from the ideal composition. The superconducting UTe$$_2$$ showed that the large density of states was partially gapped in the normal state, while the non-superconducting sample is characterized by the relatively large electronic specific heat as reported previously.

論文

皿ばねを利用した上下用復元力装置に関する研究; 皿ばねユニットの最適組合せおよび履歴ループの同定方法に関する検討

深沢 剛司*; 杣木 孝裕*; 宮川 高行*; 内田 昌人*; 山本 智彦; 石塚 太*; 鈴野 哲司*; 岡村 茂樹*; 藤田 聡*

構造工学論文集,B, 68B, p.462 - 475, 2022/04

https://doi.org/10.3130/aijjse.68B.0_462

The authors developed a three-dimensional seismic isolation system to ensure isolation performance in the vertical and horizontal directions. This isolation system is required for a large-scale disc spring to achieve both the support and isolation functions. This paper describes an optimal combination method of disc springs to absorb the variance caused by the manufacturing process by calibrating the combination using a metaheuristic algorithm. Moreover, a method to identify the variables of the hysteresis loops caused by the combined disc springs is proposed using the metaheuristic algorithm. The applicability of these methods is verified using the static loading tests data obtained by a large-scale disc spring that expands the dimensions defined by the JIS B 2706:2013 and the ISO 19690-1:2017. This paper demonstrates that the proposed method can control the restoring force and identify the variables required for hysteresis loops accurately and efficiently.

論文

Electronic structure of ThPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$; Impact of the U $$5f$$ states on the electronic structure of UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review B, 105(11), p.115128_1 - 115128_6, 2022/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.115128
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The electronic structure of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$, which is isostructural to the heavy fermion superconductor $$mathrm{UPd_2 Al_3}$$, was investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy. The band structure and Fermi surfaces of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ were obtained by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), and the results were well-explained by the band-structure calculation based on the local density approximation. The comparison between the ARPES spectra and the band-structure calculation suggests that the Fermi surface of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ mainly consists of the $$mathrm{Al}~3p$$ and $$mathrm{Th}~6d$$ states with a minor contribution from the $$mathrm{Pd}~4d$$ states. The comparison of the band structures between $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ and $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ argues that the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ states form Fermi surfaces in $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ through hybridization with the $$mathrm{Al}~3p$$ state in the $$mathrm{Al}$$ layer, suggesting that the Fermi surface of $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ has a strong three-dimensional nature.

論文

Anisotropic physical properties of layered antiferromagnet U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Ga$$_{15}$$

松本 裕司*; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 竹内 徹也*; 三宅 厚志*; 徳永 将史*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(7), p.074707_1 - 074707_6, 2021/07

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.074707
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

A uranium intermetallic compound U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Ga$$_{15}$$ was successfully synthesized. This compound crystallizes in the hexagonal Sc$$_{0.6}$$Fe$$_2$$Si$$_{4.9}$$-type structure. Antiferromagnetic transition with highly magnetic anisotropy was established by the physical property measurements.

論文

Observation of longitudinal magnetic fluctuations at a first-order ferromagnetic quantum phase transition in UGe$$_2$$

野間 雄一郎*; 小手川 恒*; 久保 徹郎*; 藤 秀樹*; 播磨 尚朝*; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*; 伊藤 公平*; 仲村 愛*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(7), p.073707_1 - 073707_5, 2021/07

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.073707
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Ferromagnetic fluctuation relevant to the pressure-induced superconductivity in UGe$$_2$$ is investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy. Longitudinal magnetic fluctuations were observed in the spin-echo decay rate near the ferromagnetic critical point where superconductivity takes place. This result strongly suggests that superconductivity in ferromagnets is universally mediated by anisotropic magnetic fluctuations.

論文

Electronic structure of URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ in paramagnetic phase; Three-dimensional angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Electronic Structure (Internet), 3(2), p.024008_1 - 024008_8, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1075/abfd20

The three-dimensional (3D) electronic structure of the hidden order compound $$mathrm{URu_2Si_2}$$ in a paramagnetic phase was revealed using a 3D angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy where the electronic structure of the entire Brillouin zone is obtained by scanning both incident photon energy and detection angles of photoelectrons. The quasi-particle bands with enhanced contribution from the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ state were observed near $$E_mathrm{F}$$, formed by the hybridization with the $$mathrm{Ru}~4d$$ states. The energy dispersion of the quasi-particle band is significantly depend on$$k_z$$, indicating that they inherently have a 3D nature. The band-structure calculation qualitatively explain the characteristic features of the band structure and Fermi surface although the electron correlation effect strongly renormalizes the quasi-particle bands. The 3D and strongly-correlated nature of the quasi-particle bands in$$mathrm{URu_2Si_2}$$ is an essential ingredient for modeling its hidden-order transition.

論文

Intriguing behavior of UCo$$_{1-x}$$Rh$$_x$$Ge ferromagnets in magnetic field along the $$b$$ axis

Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 芳賀 芳範; 三宅 厚志*; 神戸 振作; 徳永 陽; 徳永 将史*; 山本 悦嗣; Proschek, P.*; Voln$'y$, J.*; Sechovsk$'y$, V.*

Physical Review B, 102(2), p.024442_1 - 024442_13, 2020/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.024442
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：37.51(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Alloying study of ferromagnetic superconductors URhGe and UCoGe is reported. The Curie temperature shows a maximum at Rh concentration $$x$$ = 0.4 in UCo$$_{1-x}$$Rh$$_x$$Ge. Magnetic characteristices in low- and high-$$x$$ regions are significantly different each other. The relationship between magnetism and superconductivity are discussed.

論文

The $$f$$-electron state of the heavy fermion superconductor NpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$ and the isostructural family

目時 直人; Aczel, A. A.*; 青木 大*; Chi, S.*; Fernandez-Baca, J. A.*; Griveau, J.-C.*; 萩原 雅人*; Hong, T.*; 芳賀 芳範; 池内 和彦*; et al.

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 30, p.011123_1 - 011123_6, 2020/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.30.011123

希土類(4$$f$$)やアクチノイド(5$$f$$)は、電子数の増加とともに複雑さを増し、様々な相互作用が競合して多様な状態が出現する。多体$$f$$電子系の結晶場分裂はバンド幅より狭いため、(1)高分解能の実験が必要で、(2)遍歴的なCeやU化合物は本質的に明瞭なスペクトルを示さない。また、(3)国際規制物質NpやPuなど超アクチノイド元素の取り扱いは厳しく規制されている。そこで比較的局在性の強い物質や希土類関連物質の、中性子散乱実験による磁気励起の研究が有益である。本稿では重い電子系化合物NpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$と関連物質の$$f$$電子状態について述べる。

論文

Structural characterization and magnetic behavior of uranium compound U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Al$$_{15}$$

芳賀 芳範; 菅井 孝志*; 松本 裕司*; 山本 悦嗣

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 29, p.013003_1 - 013003_5, 2020/02

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.29.013003

Crystal structure and magnetic property of U$$_2$$Pt$$_6$$Al$$_{15}$$ is investigated. A single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment identified the hexagonal unit cell with a disordered structure in the uranium containing layer. A series of superstructure reflections were found. They are successfully indexed as ($$h$$/3 $$k$$/3 0), however, with a streak along the $$l$$ direction. A layered structure model containing honeycomb arrangement of uranium atoms is proposed. Preliminary magnetization measurements on a polycrystalline sample are also presented.

論文

NMR studies on antiferromagnetic fluctuation in UPt$$_3$$

青山 泰介*; 小手川 恒*; 藤 秀樹*; 木村 憲彰*; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Physica B; Condensed Matter, 570, p.349 - 351, 2019/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2018.02.031
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Condensed Matter)

$$^{195}$$Pt-NMR measurements are performed on a heavy fermion superconductor UPt$$_3$$ to investigate the in-plane anistropy. A splitting of the NMR line was observed and explained by anisotropic Knight shift tensors associated with the local symmetry of the Pt site.

論文

Novel universality class for the ferromagnetic transition in the low carrier concentration systems UTeS and USeS exhibiting large negative magnetoresistance

立岩 尚之; 芳賀 芳範; 酒井 宏典; 山本 悦嗣

Physical Review B, 100(6), p.064413_1 - 064413_7, 2019/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.064413
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：4.56(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

少数キャリア系UTeS, USeSの強磁性転移温度近辺における磁化の臨界挙動について研究を行った。自発磁化等の温度依存から、各種臨界指数$$beta$$,$$gamma$$, $$delta$$を決定した。これらの強磁性状態は一軸磁気異方性が大きいことが特徴である。しかし、その臨界現象は三次元イジングのユニバーサリティクラスに属さないことが明らかになった。ウラン系強磁性超伝導物質UGe$$_2$$とURhGeでも類似の臨界指数が報告されている。本研究の結果、この新奇な臨界現象は系のキャリア数に依存せず出現することが明らかになった。

論文

Evidence for weak spin-orbit interaction experienced by Cooper pairs in the spin-triplet superconductor UPt$$_3$$; $$^{195}$$Pt-NMR study

青山 泰介*; 小手川 恒*; 木村 憲彰*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範; 大貫 惇睦*; 藤 秀樹*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 88(6), p.064706_1 - 064706_7, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.88.064706
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：11.26(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

$$^{195}$$Pt-NMR measurements under magnetic field ($$H$$) parallel to the $$c$$-axis in the vicinity of the upper critical field $$H_{rm c2}$$ have been carried out on the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt$$_3$$. The quasiparticle spin susceptibility was obtained from the measurements. The field dependence of the susceptibility suggests that the $$d$$-vector freely rotates in magnetic field. It is therefore concluded that spin-orbit interaction, which confines the direction of the $$d$$-vector with respect to the crystal axis, is weak in UPt$$_3$$.

論文

Electronic structure in heavy fermion compound UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ through directional Compton profile measurement

小泉 昭久*; 久保 康則*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範; 櫻井 吉晴*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 88(3), p.034714_1 - 034714_6, 2019/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.88.034714
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：20.58(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Directional Compton profiles of a heavy fermion compound UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ are measured in the basal plane of the hexagonal lattice. A remarkable change of the two-dimensional electron occupation number densities has been observed between 20 K and 100 K. Obtained results are attributed to the modification of the 5$$f$$ electronic states.

論文

Novel critical behavior of magnetization in URhSi; Similarities to the uranium ferromagnetic superconductors UGe$$_2$$ and URhGe

立岩 尚之; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣

Physical Review B, 99(9), p.094417_1 - 094417_12, 2019/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.094417
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：31.91(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

ウラン系強磁性物質URhSiについて、強磁性転移温度$$T_{rm C}$$近辺で磁気測定を行い、臨界現象の研究を行った。自発磁化の温度依存に関する臨界指数$$beta$$、磁化率の指数$$gamma$$、$$T_{rm C}$$における磁化に関する指数$$delta$$を、修正アロットプロットとスケーリング理論等を用いて決定した。URhSiの強磁性状態は一軸磁気異方性が大きいものの、臨界指数は三次元イジングモデルから期待されるもの($$beta$$ = 0.325, $$gamma$$ = 1.241, and $$delta$$ = 4.82)とは異なることが明らかにされた。URhSiの臨界指数($$beta$$ = 0.300 $$pm$$ 0.002, $$gamma$$ = 1.00 $$pm$$ 0.02, and $$delta$$ = 4.32 $$pm$$ 0.04)は、ウラン系強磁性超伝導物質UGe$$_2$$とURhGeと類似している。URhSiの静的磁性と動的磁性をウラン系強磁性超伝導物質と対比させ議論する。

論文

Manifestation of electron correlation effect in 5$$f$$ states of uranium compounds revealed by 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoelectron spectroscopy

藤森 伸一; 小畠 雅明; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 99(3), p.035109_1 - 035109_5, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.035109
 被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：52.06(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In the present study, we have elucidated the nature of the electron correlation effect in uranium compounds by imaging the partial $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ density of states (pDOS) of typical itinerant, localized, and heavy fermion uranium compounds by using the $$mathrm{U}$$ 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoemission spectroscopy. Obtained $$mathrm{U}~5$$ pDOS exhibit a systematic trend depending on the physical properties of compounds: Although the coherent peak at the Fermi level can be explained by the band-structure calculation, an incoherent peak emerges on the higher binding energy side ($$lesssim 1~mathrm{eV}$$) in the cases of localized and heavy fermion compounds. The intensity and energy position of the incoherent peak is increased and shifted to a higher binding energy as the localization of the $$mathrm{U}~5$$ state increases. These behaviors are consistent with the prediction of the Mott metal-insulator transition, suggesting that the Hubbard-$$U$$ type mechanism takes an essential role in the $$5f$$ electronic structure of actinide materials.

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