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JAEA Reports

A Study for a fire gas behavior by using a vertical shaft model (Contract research)

Abe, Hironobu; Hatakeyama, Nobuya; Yamazaki, Masanao; Okuzono, Akihiko*; Sakai, Tetsuo*; Inoue, Masahiro*

JAEA-Research 2009-019, 192 Pages, 2020/02

JAEA-Research-2009-019.pdf:8.07MB

Construction of the underground facility is on going at the Horonobe Underground Research Center, a division of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The facility is consisted of three shafts and horizontal drifts at the completion of construction and it is excavated in geological environment with methane gas, so it is important to secure the workers and visitors security in case of fire in the underground. However, it is known that the fire gas such as methane shows a complicated behavior by drift effect and so on and very difficult to predict its behavior, even if under enforced ventilation. In order to construct new prediction method of the fire gas behavior, the model scaled experiments were conducted by using the basic model which consists of shafts and drifts. As a results, fundamental data of the fire gas behavior was grasped and complicated behavior of the fire gas such as three-dimensional backflow and main flow inversion phenomena at the underground structure were ascertained. A new fire gas behavior analysis system has been designed and a prototype system has been programmed which is able to simulate the phenomena noted above. Coupling analysis method is adapted to the system, which consists of mainly one-dimensional ventilation network analysis and simplified computational fluid dynamics program named M-CFD. To minimize calculation time, M-CFD was designed as two-dimensional calculation with simulators multi area analysis system. Using the prototype system, several experimented models representing typical behavior of fire gas have been simulated for model scaled experiments. The system qualitatively reappeared the phenomena such as back flow or main flow inversion, and most of calculations completed in expected time. This indicates appropriateness of the prototype system, but some upgrade such as heat conductivity analysis in the wall rock mass transfer calculation, user friendly interface system and others will be required.

Journal Articles

Rock deformation and support load in shaft sinking in Horonobe URL Project

Tsusaka, Kimikazu; Yamazaki, Masanao; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*

Proceedings of Rock Engineering in Difficult Ground Conditions; Soft Rocks and Karst (EUROCK 2009), p.589 - 594, 2009/10

Observational construction is essential in underground excavation since it is difficult to estimate rock mass properties based on geological investigation from the ground surface. In the construction, the amount of support elements at the next stage is redesigned by measuring rock mass deformation and support stress caused by excavation. JAEA has been constructing an underground research laboratory in Horonobe. Based on the observational construction, ventilation and access shafts have been excavated 250 m deep and 140 m deep from the ground surface, respectively. The authors investigated the relationship between the initial deformation rate and stress of concrete lining. The initial deformation rate is related to the ratio of the elastic modulus of rock mass to the initial stress and one of indices of rock mass properties. The relationship is helpful to determine whether the amount of designed support elements should be changed at the earlier stage of excavation.

JAEA Reports

Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory project research and development plan in Phase 2; H20-21

Iwatsuki, Teruki; Sato, Haruo; Tanai, Kenji; Inagaki, Manabu; Sawada, Atsushi; Niinuma, Hiroaki; Ishii, Eiichi; Maekawa, Keisuke; Tomura, Goji; Sanada, Hiroyuki; et al.

JAEA-Research 2009-002, 156 Pages, 2009/05

JAEA-Research-2009-002.pdf:12.86MB

The research and development plan for geological investigation, engineering technology and safety assessment during the drilling of a shaft down to intermediate depth are summarized according to the Midterm Plan till 2009 Fiscal year of JAEA. This report describes subject, current status and programme in the "Phase 2: Construction phase" (investigations during construction of the underground facilities). Furthermore regarding R&D plan in next Midterm Plan of JAEA, preliminary ideas are summarized.

Journal Articles

Progress of shaft construcion and cycle time analysis in the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project

Yamazaki, Masanao; Sekiya, Yoshitomo; Fujikawa, Daisuke; Kitagawa, Yoshito*

Chika Kukan Shimpojiumu, Rombunshu, 14, p.191 - 196, 2009/01

The shafts and drifts of the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project have been constructed by JAEA. The construction method of shaft is a short step method. The East Shaft of excavation system is the blasting excavation, and the Ventilation Shaft is the machine excavation. At the present, The East Shaft has ended to G.L.-140.5 m and Ventilation Shaft has ended to G.L.-210.5 m at the end of July, 2008. The difference in depth change or a excavation system was analyzed about the excavation time which occupies about 40% of the cycle time of each shaft. This paper reports the outline of the construction track record of the shafts and the result of having analyzed cycle time paying attention to excavation time.

Journal Articles

Correlation between initial deformation ratio of convergence and lining stress in shaft excavation

Yamazaki, Masanao; Tsusaka, Kimikazu; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*; Minamide, Masashi*; Takahashi, Akihiro*

Dai-38-Kai Gamban Rikigaku Ni Kansuru Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), p.196 - 201, 2009/01

The Underground Research Laboratory in Hokkaido has been constructed by JAEA. In shaft excavation, convergence, lining stress, etc. are measured and analyzed in order to evaluate the validity of a support design. In this report, correlation between initial deformation ratio of convergence and lining stress in shaft excavation is discussed. Prediction equation of the lining stress from the initial deformation ratio of convergence in the short step method is also proposed.

JAEA Reports

Collection of URL measurement data in 2007 at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project

Yamazaki, Masanao; Funaki, Hironori; Yamaguchi, Takehiro*; Niinuma, Hiroaki; Fujikawa, Daisuke; Sanada, Hiroyuki; Hiraga, Naoto; Tsusaka, Kimikazu

JAEA-Data/Code 2008-023, 136 Pages, 2008/11

JAEA-Data-Code-2008-023.pdf:17.08MB

This report summarizes the measurements data acquired at the Ventilation Shaft, the East Shaft and the drifts in 2007 based on the Observational Construction Program. The report summarizes for the purpose of the followings: sharing the investigation and measurements data, preventing the loss of them and acquisition the basic data for carrying out the Observational Construction Program.

JAEA Reports

Measurement plan and observational construction program on drift excavation at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project

Yamazaki, Masanao; Yamaguchi, Takehiro; Funaki, Hironori; Fujikawa, Daisuke; Tsusaka, Kimikazu

JAEA-Research 2008-068, 45 Pages, 2008/09

JAEA-Research-2008-068.pdf:3.76MB

This report summarizes the measurement plan during construction of the underground facility based on the design in advance and the observational construction program for feedback measurements data into design and construction on subsequent steps. This report also describes about design and construction management program for contractor of underground facilities.

Journal Articles

Observational construction and behavior measurements for underground research shaft excavation of the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory project

Yamazaki, Masanao; Morioka, Hiroshi*; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*; Tsusaka, Kimikazu

Dai-12-Kai Iwa No Rikigaku Kokunai Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), p.305 - 310, 2008/09

The underground research shafts and drifts have been constructed in Horonobe by JAEA. The observational construction program to reflect the various data obtained by the shaft excavation for designing and construction was setted on and is being presently applied. The support design was carried out by numerical analysis considering the excavating liberaring power according to the excavation progress. But, it was clear that measurement data of lining stress in G.L.-121m included the influence of extra lining thickness and excavation of drifts in G.L.-140m. We report on the outline of the observational construction program and the result of analyzing the measurement data of the lining stress.

Journal Articles

Estimation of convergence curves through shaft excavation in Horonobe underground research laboratory

Tsusaka, Kimikazu; Yamazaki, Masanao; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*; Yamamoto, Takuya*

Dai-12-Kai Iwa No Rikigaku Kokunai Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), p.311 - 317, 2008/09

Japan Atomic Energy Agency has constructed an underground research laboratory in Horonobe to establish the reliable engineering technologies related to geological disposal. At the end of March 2008, the ventilation and access shafts reached 161 m and 110 m in depth, respectively. During the shaft sinking, measurements of convergence and stress of support members are carried out in order to feed the results to the selection of the appropriate magnitude of support at deeper levels. In this paper, the authors clarified the depth distribution of the strength of rock and frequency of fracture on shaft wall and the relationship between the initial deformation rate and deformation ratio based on the convergence measurement.

Journal Articles

Numerical simulation of rockmass behavior around the shaft excavated by short-step method

Tani, Takuya*; Shimono, Masato*; Iwano, Masahiro*; Yamamoto, Takuya*; Yamazaki, Masanao; Sanada, Hiroyuki

Dai-12-Kai Iwa No Rikigaku Kokunai Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), p.319 - 324, 2008/09

During the construction of the Horonobe URL shaft, some measurements have been carried out to verify the design and construction method in sedimentary soft-rock. The results obtained from the in-situ measurements at the G.L.-121 m show the unique behavior of surrounding rock masses. This paper reports the result of the numerical simulation of the behavior around the shaft excavation by short step-method. In the analysis using axisymmetric elastic FEM model, construction procedure including the high stiffness lining concrete is accurately followed and the deformation behavior around the shaft is well simulated. Consequently it is found that the excavation release ratio in the short step excavation method is different from one in the typical NATM tunnel excavation.

JAEA Reports

Support design of underground facilities in the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory project

Morioka, Hiroshi*; Yamazaki, Masanao; Matsui, Hiroya; Orukawa, Go*; Yamaguchi, Takehiro

JAEA-Research 2008-009, 263 Pages, 2008/07

JAEA-Research-2008-009.pdf:32.63MB

On the "Development of engineering techniques for use in the deep underground environment" in Phase 1, based on the various type of data acquired on investigations from the surface, basic design of underground facilities in advance was carried out. This report summarizes the support design of underground facilities carried out in 2004.

JAEA Reports

Collection of URL measurement data in 2006 at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory project

Kumagai, Yasuhito; Funaki, Hironori; Yamazaki, Masanao; Yamaguchi, Takehiro; Orukawa, Go*; Sanada, Hiroyuki; Abe, Hironobu

JAEA-Data/Code 2007-025, 106 Pages, 2008/07

JAEA-Data-Code-2007-025.pdf:12.75MB

The shafts in construction of the underground facilities were started in earnest in 2006. The measurement plan applied to measurements in the underground facilities for validation of the geological environmental model was drew up and was carried out. This data code summarizes the measurements data acquired in 2006 of Phase 2 (investigations during construction of the underground facilities).

Journal Articles

Proposal of a practical guide of convergence measurements in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory

Tsusaka, Kimikazu; Yamazaki, Masanao; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*; Yamamoto, Takuya*

Proceedings of 42nd U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium and 2nd U.S.-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium (CD-ROM), 9 Pages, 2008/06

The mechanical stability of a tunnel is subject to the development of loosening zone. In tunneling, convergence measurement is the most convenient method to estimate support requirements. In order to predict the final deformation and the development of loosening zone based on the measurement at the earlier stage of excavation work in 12 m span tunnels, one of the authors had proposed the Rock Behavior Classification in Tunneling (RBCT) had been proposed. Japan Atomic Energy Agency has excavated a 4.5 m diameter ventilation and a 6.5 m diameter access shafts in Horonobe, Japan. It is expected to build a practical guide to feed the results from the convergence measurement to the excavation work at deeper stages. Therefore, the authors evaluated the applicability of RBCT by means of analyzing the convergence curves in three tunnels with different dimensions and compared the convergence curves in the shafts with RBCT. As a result, it was clarified that the range of 0.07 to 0.3% in the final deformation ratio and the range of 13 to 15% wide loosening zone in the excavated diameter were estimated when the range of 0.02 to 0.1%/m in the initial deformation ratio was observed.

Oral presentation

Distribution and frequency of fractures on shaft face in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory

Tsusaka, Kimikazu; Yamazaki, Masanao; Minamide, Masashi*; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Experiments and the computer simulation of the behavior of ventilation air around shafts during a mine fire

Inoue, Masahiro*; Nakaba, Nozomi*; Yamanishi, Takeshi; Yamakami, Masanori*; Hatakeyama, Nobuya; Yamazaki, Masanao; Sakai, Tetsuo*; Okuzono, Akihiko*

no journal, , 

The fire gas generated by a mine fire changes ventilation system by the buoyancy and the throttling effect, the adverse airflow along the roadway ceiling. As the result, the fire gas can reach upwind areas where was thought that the fire gas will never reach. These phenomena are remarkable around shafts which have large altitude differences. In order to prevent the accidents, it is important to make an accurate prediction of the behavior of ventilation air during a mine fire and the effective control of the ventilation air. However, this behavior has not been studied well so far. For this reason, the authors studied this behavior using a scaled model experiments and ascertained the major change of ventilation air. Then the effect of ventilation air control was studied. Following the results, a computer program to simulate the behavior of the fire gas by CFD method. It was confirmed that the program shows sufficient accuracy within the practical calculation time.

Oral presentation

Analysis of shaft construction cyclic time at Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project

Kitagawa, Yoshito*; Yamazaki, Masanao; Hagihara, Takeshi*; Minamide, Masashi*; Sekiya, Yoshitomo

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

A Study of correlation between specific energy of tunnneling machine and crack frequency of mudstone

Yamazaki, Masanao; Fukui, Katsunori*; Minamide, Masashi*; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*

no journal, , 

The correlation between the energy per unit excavated volume calculated from the electric power consumption of the road header during the shaft excavation and the rock properties observed at the excavation wall was investigated in the Horonobe Underground Research Project. As a result, it was found that the energy per unit excavated volume correlate better with the rock mass classification determined from both a fracture intensity as well as a rock strength rather than with a fracture intensity. We will continue to measure the electric power consumption data in order to establish rock mass evaluation method using the energy per unit excavated volume.

Oral presentation

Study on the behavior of concrete lining and rock mass during shaft excavation by means of short step method

Sakai, Kazuo*; Koike, Masashi*; Aoki, Tomoyuki*; Yamamoto, Takuya*; Hatsuyama, Yoshihiro*; Yamazaki, Masanao

no journal, , 

In a construction project of the Horonobe URL, vertical shafts are excavated now by the Short Step method. This paper examines the behavior of concrete lining and rock mass around the shaft. To reflect the excavation sequence, a 3-D analysis is performed, modeling rock mass and support members around an advancing face. The analysis shows well specific phenomena of the Short Step method, as in the rock mass displacement and lining stress. It also reveals lining stress distribution are complex. In future, it is important to investigate lining stress through detailed measurements.

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