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JAEA Reports

Confirmation tests for Warm Pre-stress (WPS) effect in reactor pressure vessel steel (Contract research)

Chimi, Yasuhiro; Iwata, Keiko; Tobita, Toru; Otsu, Takuyo; Takamizawa, Hisashi; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*; Murakami, Takeshi*; Hanawa, Satoshi; Nishiyama, Yutaka

JAEA-Research 2017-018, 122 Pages, 2018/03

JAEA-Research-2017-018.pdf:44.03MB

Warm pre-stress (WPS) effect is a phenomenon that after applying a load at a high temperature fracture does not occur in unloading during cooling, and then the fracture toughness in reloading at a lower temperature increases effectively. Engineering evaluation models to predict an apparent fracture toughness in reloading are established using experimental data with linear elasticity. However, there is a lack of data on the WPS effect for the effects of specimen size and surface crack in elastic-plastic regime. In this study, fracture toughness tests were performed after applying load-temperature histories which simulate pressurized thermal shock transients to confirm the WPS effect. The experimental results of an apparent fracture toughness tend to be lower than the predictive results using the engineering evaluation models in the case of a high degree of plastic deformation in preloading. Considering the plastic component of preloading can refine the engineering evaluation models.

Journal Articles

Specimen size effect on fracture toughness of reactor pressure vessel steel following warm pre-stressing

Iwata, Keiko; Tobita, Toru; Takamizawa, Hisashi; Chimi, Yasuhiro; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*; Nishiyama, Yutaka

Proceedings of 2016 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (PVP 2016) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2016/07

The effect of warm pre-stressing (WPS) on fracture toughness was evaluated for a reactor pressure vessel steel. Various types of thermomechanical loadings were applied to 1T-CT specimens. The results were compared with predictions from several analytical WPS engineering models. The specimen size effect was subsequently investigated under the load-unload-cool-fracture transient condition using 1T-, 0.4T-, and 0.16T-CT specimens. Analyses of the plastic zone distribution and residual stress were conducted to identify the difference in the WPS effect among the specimens.

Journal Articles

Development of probabilistic evaluation models of fracture toughness K$$_{Ic}$$ and K$$_{Ia}$$ for Japanese RPV steels

Katsuyama, Jinya; Katsumata, Genshichiro; Onizawa, Kunio; Osakabe, Kazuya*; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*

Proceedings of 2015 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (PVP 2015) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2015/07

Probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analysis code PASCAL3 has been developed to apply the PFM analysis to the structural integrity assessment of domestic RPVs. In this paper, probabilistic evaluation models of fracture toughness KIc and KIa which have the largest scatter among the associated factors based on the database of Japanese RPV steels are presented. We developed probabilistic evaluation models for KIc and KIa based on the Weibull and lognormal distributions, respectively. The models are compared with the existing lower bound of fracture toughness in the Japanese code and probabilistic model in USA. As the results, the models established in present work satisfy lower bounds of fracture toughness in the Japanese code. The comparison in the models between present work and US showed significant differences that may have an influence on fracture probability of RPV.

Journal Articles

International round robin test on Master Curve reference temperature evaluation utilizing Miniature C(T) specimen

Yamamoto, Masato*; Onizawa, Kunio; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*; Ogawa, Takuya*; Mabuchi, Yasuhiro*; Valo, M.*; Lambrecht, M.*; Viehrig, H.-W.*; Miura, Naoki*; Soneda, Naoki*

Small Specimen Test Techniques; 6th Volume (ASTM STP 1576), p.53 - 69, 2015/05

In order to ensure the robustness of the Master Curve technique, round-robin tests were performed using 0.16 inch-thick Mini-CT specimens by different investigators to see if consistent $$T$$$$_{0}$$ values can be obtained. All the specimens used were machined and pre-cracked by one fabricator from unique Japanese RPV material. Seven institutes participated in this exercise, and obtained valid $$T$$$$_{0}$$ values according to the ASTM E1921 standard. The scatter of $$T$$$$_{0}$$ values obtained was well within the uncertainty range defined in the standard, indicating the robustness of the Mini-CT specimen test technique. Throughout this activity, we could obtain 182 $$K$$$$_{Jc}$$ for a single material. We investigated the statistics of this large database, and found that there is no remarkable difference not only in the $$T$$$$_{0}$$ values but also in the fracture toughness distribution between the Mini-CT specimen and the standard size 1T-C(T) specimen results.

Journal Articles

A Round robin propgram of master curve evaluation using miniature C(T) specimens, 3; Comparison of $$T_{0}$$ under various selections of temperature conditions

Yamamoto, Masato*; Kimura, Akihiko*; Onizawa, Kunio; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*; Ogawa, Takuya*; Mabuchi, Yasuhiro*; Viehrig, H.-W.*; Miura, Naoki*; Soneda, Naoki*

Proceedings of 2014 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (PVP 2014) (DVD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2014/07

The Master Curve (MC) approach for the fracture toughness reference temperature To is expected to be a powerful tool to ensure the reliability of long-term used RPV steels. In order to get sufficient number of data for the MC approach related to the present surveillance program for RPVs, the use of miniature specimens is important. The test technique for the miniature specimens (Mini-CT) of 4 mm thick had been verified the basic applicability of MC approach by means of Mini-CT for the determination of fracture toughness of typical Japanese RPV steels. A round robin (RR) program was organized to assure the robustness of the technique. As the third step of RR program, blinded tests were carried out. Precise material information was not provided to the participants. From the results obtained, the scatter range in $$T_{0}$$ was within the acceptable scatter range specified in the testing standard. The selection of testing temperature seems to give limited effect like that in larger specimens.

Journal Articles

A Round robin program of master curve evaluation using miniature C(T) specimens, 2; Fracture toughness comparison in specified loading rate condition

Yamamoto, Masato*; Onizawa, Kunio; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*; Ogawa, Takuya*; Mabuchi, Yasuhiro*; Miura, Naoki*

Proceedings of 2013 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (PVP 2013) (DVD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2013/07

Master Curve (MC) approach for the fracture toughness evaluation is expected to be a powerful tool to assess the structural integrity of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs). In order to get sufficient number of reliable data by the MC approach from used specimens of surveillance tests for RPVs, the use of miniature specimens is necessary. For this purpose, a round robin test program on the miniature compact tension specimens (Mini-CT) of 4 mm thick for the MC approach was launched with the participation of academia, industries and a research institute in Japan. The program aims to verify the reliability of experimental data from Mini-CT, and to pick out technical issues to be solved. As the second step of this program, the effect of loading rate (d$$K$$/d$$t$$) was evaluated based on enlarged database. Despite of the difference in d$$K$$/d$$t$$, no specific difference in scatter band of $$T_{rm 0}$$ was found in d$$K$$/d$$t$$ - $$T_{rm 0}$$ relationships. D$$K$$/d$$t$$ seems not to be sensitive on scatter band of To in the present results.

Journal Articles

A Round robin program of master curve evaluation using miniature C(T) specimens; First round robin test on uniform specimens of reactor pressure vessel materials

Yamamoto, Masato*; Kimura, Akihiko*; Onizawa, Kunio; Yoshimoto, Kentaro*; Ogawa, Takuya*; Chiba, Atsushi*; Hirano, Takashi*; Sugihara, Takuji*; Sugiyama, Masanari*; Miura, Naoki*; et al.

Proceedings of 2012 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (PVP 2012) (DVD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2012/07

Master curve (MC) approach for the fracture toughness evaluation is expected to be a powerful tool to assess the structural integrity of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs). In order to get sufficient number of reliable data for the MC approach from broken halves of surveillance test specimens for RPVs, the use of miniature specimens is necessary. For this purpose, a round robin test program on the miniature compact tension specimens (Mini-CT) of 4 mm thick for the MC approach of a Japanese RPV steel has been launched with the participation of academia, industries and a research institute in Japan. The program aims to verify the reliability of experimental data from Mini-CT, and to pick out further investigation items to be solved. As the first step of this program, four institutes carried out MC testing and evaluation using common test procedure and specimens. Valid reference temperature T$$_{0}$$ was successfully obtained in each institute. However, the T$$_{0}$$ values showed large differences with maximum of 34$$^{circ}$$C. It was indicated on the reason of difference that there is a strong correlation between the T$$_{0}$$ values and loading rate, which was selected by each institute per test standard.

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