Mutual separation of trivalent lanthanide and actinides by hydrophilic and lipophilic multidentate diamides

Sasaki, Yuji; Morita, Keisuke

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.27 - 32, 2018/12

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.27

no abstracts in English

Cesium liquid-liquid extraction by calix-crown ethers; Solvent effect

Simonnet, M.; Miyazaki, Yuji; Suzuki, Shinichi; Yaita, Tsuyoshi

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.66 - 69, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.66

An Experimental investigation for atmospheric effects on Cs chemisorption onto stainless steel

Nakajima, Kunihisa; Suzuki, Eriko; Miyahara, Naoya; Osaka, Masahiko

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.168 - 170, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.168

Chemical interaction between cesium (Cs) vapor and stainless steel (SS) surface known as chemisorption can cause a significant amount of Cs retention on the inner surfaces within the reactor pressure vessel during a light water reactor severe accident (SA). Although the chemisorption is known to be influenced with temperature and atmosphere, their dependancies are not yet fully understood. Therefore, the Cs chemisorption behaviours under mixed gases of steam and hydrogen were experimentally examined to contribute to a better understanding of the chemisorption behaviours under various atmospheres experienced during the SA at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. As a result, it was found that the deposited amounts of Cs onto the SS in the steam-containing atmosphere were much higher than those in the no steam atmosphere. It was considered that Cs revaporization from a chemisorbed product was one of the reasons why the deposited amounts under the reducing atmosphere decreased.

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure study on gel/liquid extraction of f-block elements

Nakase, Masahiko*; Kobayashi, Toru; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Kawamura, Takuya*; Takeshita, Kenji*; Yamamura, Tomoo*; Yaita, Tsuyoshi

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.56 - 60, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.56

Gel/liquid extraction was investigated to achieve selective separation of trivalent actinides over lanthanides. In this study, thermosensitive hydrogel including N,N,N',N'-tetraallylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxamine (PDA) was synthesized, and its complexation with lanthanide was investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure experiments at SPring-8. The radial structure functions (RSF) of solution with gels with and without ligands at different temperatures showed slight differences. As the temperature increased, the RSF decreased owing to the increase in thermal vibration, but PDA-gel showed a shift in the first peak toward the shorter direction. This shift was attributed to the change in stoichiometry of PDA-Ln(III) complexes or coordination number of water molecules affected by the change of conformation of polymer chains and the hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties in the hydrogel.

Phenomenological approach to study the degree of the itinerancy of the 5 electrons in actinide ferromagnets with spin fluctuation theory

Tateiwa, Naoyuki; Pospil, J.*; Haga, Yoshinori; Sakai, Hironori; Matsuda, Tatsuma*; Yamamoto, Etsuji

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.104 - 107, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.104

Uranium ferromagnetic superconductors UGe, URhGe and UCoGe have attracted much attention from both theoretical and experimental sides since the same 5 electrons underlie carry both the ferromagnetism and superconductivity. Recently, we have analysed 69 uranium, 7 neptunium, and 4 plutonium ferromagnets with spin fluctuation theory originally developed for researches on itinerant ferromagnets in the 3 transition metals and their intermetallics. The applicability of the spin fluctuation theory to the actinide 5 system has been confirmed and the itinerant character of the 5f electrons is suggested in the actinide ferromagnets. In this conference, two results will be shown. One is the results of the analyses on 80 actinide ferromagnets and the other is the pressure dependence of the spin fluctuation parameters in UGe.

R&D strategy on mid- and long-term behavior of fuel debris

Yano, Kimihiko; Kitagaki, Toru; Washiya, Tadahiro; Miyamoto, Yasuaki; Ogawa, Toru

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.225 - 228, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.225

According to the roadmap for decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi NPS, fuel debris retrieval will start from 2021, after a decade from fuel debris generation. Fuel debris will stay in the reactors until the end of defueling. In addition, it is not hard to anticipate that storage is necessary for fuel debris removed from reactors. In order to consider such a post-accident operation for fuel debris, it is indispensable to discuss the states and characteristics of fuel debris during several decades. Therefore, JAEA directed R&D strategy on mid- and long-term behavior of fuel debris tentatively and is making a start of fundamental studies on this issue in corporation with the domestic universities and other research institutes.

Absorbent property of fullerene for cesium isotope separation investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Sekiguchi, Tetsuhiro; Yokoyama, Keiichi; Uozumi, Yuki*; Yano, Masahiro; Asaoka, Hidehito; Suzuki, Shinichi; Yaita, Tsuyoshi

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.161 - 164, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.161

For nuclear transmutation of cesium-135 (Cs), which is long-lived fission product, we are developing selective absorbent which takes only Cs atom in, but does not CsI. In this study, absorbing property of Cs atom onto the surface of fullerene (C) film has been investigated using synchrotron-based angle-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results were compared with those of CsI. It was found that Cs penetrates into C deep bulk. In contrast, CsI deposits on shallow surface. Furthermore, XPS spectra were measured as a function of Ar-sputtering time in order to know Cs concentration profiles in deep region. Results showed that Cs penetrates into deep region of several hundreds .

Anomalous Hall effect in a triangular-lattice antiferromagnet UNiB

Oyamada, Akira*; Inohara, Takao*; Yamamoto, Etsuji; Haga, Yoshinori

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.128 - 131, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.128

Diffusion and sorption behavior of HTO, Cs, I and U in mortar

Akagi, Yosuke*; Kato, Hiroyasu*; Tachi, Yukio; Sakamoto, Hiroyuki*

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.233 - 236, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.233

A large amount of radioactive contaminated concrete will be generated from the decommissioning in the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). For developing the plans of decommissioning and waste management including decontamination and disposal, it is important to estimate radionuclides inventory and concentration distribution in the concrete materials. In this study, effective diffusivities (De) and distribution coefficients (Kd) of HTO, Cs, I and U in OPC mortar were measured by through-diffusion and batch sorption experiments. De values derived were in the sequence of HTO, I, Cs, U, implying that cation exclusion effects may be important mechanisms in OPC mortar. Kd values derived by batch tests were higher by more than one order of magnitude than the diffusion-derived Kd values, indicating that crushing of samples had a strong influence on sorption. Diffusion and sorption mechanisms in OPC mortar were evaluated to predict the penetration behavior of these radionuclides.

Sorption behavior of U and Np on zeolite

Ishidera, Takamitsu; Tachi, Yukio; Akagi, Yosuke*; Ashida, Takashi

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.221 - 224, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.221

In Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, radionuclides are removed from contaminated water by the decontamination system using zeolite. In this study, sorption properties of U and Np on zeolite were investigated by batch sorption experiments to obtain fundamental information for predicting the radionuclides inventory. High distribution coefficients were observed for U in the simulated sea water diluted 10 times by deionized water. In contrast, low distribution coefficient of U was observed in simulated sea water. Low distribution coefficients were observed for Np independent of simulated sea water concentration. Batch sorption experiments of U carried out as functions of sodium ion and total inorganic carbon concentration suggested that the distribution coefficient of U was strongly affected by the total inorganic carbon concentration. This result suggests that aqueous species of radionuclides and their sorption behavior need to be considered to estimate the inventory of radionuclides in zeolite.