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Journal Articles

Spin and spin current; From fundamentals to recent progress

Maekawa, Sadamichi; Kikkawa, Takashi*; Chudo, Hiroyuki; Ieda, Junichi; Saito, Eiji

Journal of Applied Physics, 133(2), p.020902_1 - 020902_24, 2023/01

 Times Cited Count:0

Journal Articles

Direct energy conversion using Ni/SiC Schottky junction in $$^{237}$$Np and $$^{241}$$Am gamma ray regions

Fukuda, Tatsuo; Kobata, Masaaki; Shobu, Takahisa; Yoshii, Kenji; Kamiya, Junichiro; Iwamoto, Yosuke; Makino, Takahiro*; Yamazaki, Yuichi*; Oshima, Takeshi*; Shirai, Yasuhiro*; et al.

Journal of Applied Physics, 132(24), p.245102_1 - 245102_8, 2022/12

 Times Cited Count:0

Direct energy conversion has been investigated using Ni/SiC Schottky junctions with the irradiation of monochromatized synchrotron X-rays simulating the gamma rays of $$^{237}$$Np (30 keV) and $$^{241}$$Am (60 keV). From current-voltage measurements, electrical energies were obtained for both kinds of gamma rays. The energy conversion efficiencies were found to reach up to $$sim$$1.6%, which is comparable to those of a few other semiconducting systems reported thus far. This result shows a possibility of energy recovery from nuclear wastes using the present system, judging from the radiation tolerant nature of SiC. Also, we found different conversion efficiencies between the two samples. This could be understandable from hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements, suggesting the formation of Ni-Si compounds at the interface in the sample with a poor performance. Hence, such combined measurements are useful to provide information that cannot be obtained by electrical measurements alone.

Journal Articles

Local structure analysis of BiFeO$$_3$$-BaTiO$$_3$$ solid solutions

Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Kim, S.*; Mori, Shigeo*; Wada, Satoshi*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 61(SN), p.SN1022_1 - SN1022_10, 2022/11

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Physics, Applied)

Local structural analysis of the (1-${it x}$) BiFeO$$_3$$-${it x}$BaTiO$$_3$$ solid solution was performed by PDF analysis of the data obtained in the synchrotron radiation high-energy X-ray diffraction experiment. First, when XAFS experiments were performed and sample screening was performed, it was found that structural fluctuations were large in the BiFeO$$_3$$-rich composition. Therefore, PDF analysis of a sample with BiFeO$$_3$$-rich composition was performed. As a result, it was found that although the average structure is a cubic structure, the local structure can be reproduced with a rhombohedral crystal structure, and there is a displacement that breaks the symmetry of the rhombohedral structure in a composition with a large fluctuation.

Journal Articles

Implementation of the electron track-structure mode for silicon into PHITS for investigating the radiation effects in semiconductor devices

Hirata, Yuho; Kai, Takeshi; Ogawa, Tatsuhiko; Matsuya, Yusuke; Sato, Tatsuhiko

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 61(10), p.106004_1 - 106004_6, 2022/10

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Physics, Applied)

Some radiation effects such as pulse-height defects and soft errors can cause problems in silicon (Si) devices. Local energy deposition in microscopic scales is essential information to elucidate the mechanism of these radiation effects. We, therefore, developed an electron track-structure model, which can simulate local energy deposition down to nano-scales, dedicated to Si and implemented it into PHITS. Then, we verified the accuracy of our developed model by comparing the ranges and depth-dose distributions of electrons obtained from this study with the corresponding experimental values and other simulated results. As an application of the model, we calculated the mean energies required to create an electron-hole pair, the so-called epsilon value. We found that the threshold energy for generating secondary electrons reproducing the epsilon value is 2.75 eV, consistent with the corresponding data deduced from past theoretical and computational studies. Since the magnitudes of the radiation effects on Si devices largely depend on the epsilon value, the developed code is expected to contribute to precisely understanding the mechanisms of pulse-height defects and semiconductor soft errors.

Journal Articles

Influence of pulse duration on mechanical properties and dislocation density of dry laser peened aluminum alloy using ultrashort pulsed laser-driven shock wave

Yoshida, Masayuki*; Nishihata, Itsuki*; Matsuda, Tomoki*; Ito, Yusuke*; Sugita, Naohiko*; Shiro, Ayumi*; Shobu, Takahisa; Arakawa, Kazuto*; Hirose, Akio*; Sano, Tomokazu*

Journal of Applied Physics, 132(7), p.075101_1 - 075101_9, 2022/08

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Comprehensive physical and electrical characterizations of NO nitrided SiO$$_{2}$$/4H-SiC(11$$overline{2}$$0) interfaces

Nakanuma, Takato*; Iwakata, Yu*; Watanabe, Arisa*; Hosoi, Takuji*; Kobayashi, Takuma*; Sometani, Mitsuru*; Okamoto, Mitsuo*; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Shimura, Takayoshi*; Watanabe, Heiji*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 61(SC), p.SC1065_1 - SC1065_8, 2022/05

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:87.45(Physics, Applied)

Nitridation of SiO$$_{2}$$/4H-SiC(11$$overline{2}$$0) interfaces with post-oxidation annealing in an NO ambient (NO-POA) and its impact on the electrical properties were investigated. Sub-nm-resolution nitrogen depth profiling at the interfaces was conducted by using a scanning X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy microprobe. The results showed that nitrogen atoms were incorporated just at the interface and that interface nitridation proceeded much faster than at SiO$$_{2}$$/SiC(0001) interfaces, resulting in a 2.3 times higher nitrogen concentration. Electrical characterizations of metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors were conducted through capacitance-voltage ($$C-V$$) measurements in the dark and under illumination with ultraviolet light to evaluate the electrical defects near the conduction and valence band edges and those causing hysteresis and shifting of the $$C-V$$ curves. While all of these defects were passivated with the progress of the interface nitridation, excessive nitridation resulted in degradation of the MOS capacitors. The optimal conditions for NO-POA are discussed on the basis of these experimental findings.

Journal Articles

Precise magnetization measurements down to 500 mK using a miniature $$^3$$He cryostat and a closed-cycle $$^3$$He gas handling system installed in a SQUID magnetometer without continuous-cooling functionality

Shimamura, Kazutoshi*; Wajima, Hiroki*; Makino, Hayato*; Abe, Satoshi*; Haga, Yoshinori; Sato, Yoshiaki*; Kawae, Tatsuya*; Yoshida, Yasuo*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 61(5), p.056502_1 - 056502_7, 2022/05

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

${it Operando}$ structure observation of pyroelectric ceramics during power generation cycle

Kawasaki, Takuro; Fukuda, Tatsuo; Yamanaka, Satoru*; Sakamoto, Tomokazu*; Murayama, Ichiro*; Kato, Takanori*; Baba, Masaaki*; Hashimoto, Hideki*; Harjo, S.; Aizawa, Kazuya; et al.

Journal of Applied Physics, 131(13), p.134103_1 - 134103_7, 2022/04

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Nanoscale structural analysis of Bi$$_{0.5}$$Na$$_{0.5}$$TiO$$_3$$ in high-temperature phases

Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Noguchi, Yuji*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 60(SF), p.SFFA08_1 - SFFA08_10, 2021/11

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:34.91(Physics, Applied)

Bi$$_{0.5}$$Na$$_{0.5}$$TiO$$_3$$ (abbreviated as BNT) is a lead-free material but exhibits relatively large piezoelectric properties, a lot of researches have been conducted. We performed local structural analysis using high-quality BNT with a stoichiometrically correct composition, and found a chemical order structure of Bi/Na in locally. BNT undergoes a phase transition to a cubic phase at 400$$^{circ}$$C. We estimated that a new disorder structure will appear in the high-temperature phase. In the high temperature phase, pair distribution function (PDF) analysis using synchrotron radiation high-energy X-rays was performed. As a result, we found that Bi shifts from 200$$^{circ}$$C, and this shift becomes an order parameter for the phase transition.

Journal Articles

Autoradiography system with phosphor powder (ZnS:Ag) for imaging radioisotope dynamics in a living plant

Kurita, Keisuke; Sakai, Takuro; Suzui, Nobuo*; Yin, Y.-G.*; Sugita, Ryohei*; Kobayashi, Natsuko*; Tanoi, Keitaro*; Kawachi, Naoki*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 60(11), p.116501_1 - 116501_4, 2021/11

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:17.6(Physics, Applied)

Radioisotope tracer imaging is useful for studying plant physiological phenomena. In this study, we developed an autoradiography system with phosphor powder (ZnS:Ag), "Live-autoradiography", for imaging radioisotope dynamics in a living plant. This system visualizes the element migration and accumulation in intact plants continuously under a light environment. An imaging test was performed on point sources of $$^{137}$$Cs, with a radioactivity of 10-100 kBq of being observed; this indicates satisfactory system linearity between the image intensity and the radioactivity of $$^{137}$$Cs. Moreover, dynamics imaging of $$^{137}$$Cs was performed on an intact soybean plant for four days. The serial images indicated $$^{137}$$Cs accumulation in the node, vein, and growing point of the plant. The developed system can be used for studying plant physiological phenomena and can be employed for quantitative measurement of radionuclides.

Journal Articles

Hydrogen impurities in p-type semiconductors, GeS and GeTe

Nakamura, Jumpei*; Kawakita, Yukinobu; Shimomura, Koichiro*; Suemasu, Takashi*

Journal of Applied Physics, 130(19), p.195701_1 - 195701_7, 2021/11

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:17.6(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Improved performance of wide bandwidth neutron-spin polarizer due to ferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling

Maruyama, Ryuji; Yamazaki, Dai; Aoki, Hiroyuki; Akutsu, Kazuhiro*; Hanashima, Takayasu*; Miyata, Noboru*; Soyama, Kazuhiko; Bigault, T.*; Saerbeck, T.*; Courtois, P.*

Journal of Applied Physics, 130(8), p.083904_1 - 083904_10, 2021/08

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:34.91(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Direct observation of the magnetic ordering process in the ferromagnetic semiconductor Ga$$_{1-x}$$Mn$$_{x}$$As via soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

Takeda, Yukiharu; Oya, Shinobu*; Pham, N. H.*; Kobayashi, Masaki*; Saito, Yuji; Yamagami, Hiroshi; Tanaka, Masaaki*; Fujimori, Atsushi*

Journal of Applied Physics, 128(21), p.213902_1 - 213902_11, 2020/12

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:37.35(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Nanoscale structural analysis of Bi$$_{0.5}$$Na$$_{0.5}$$TiO$$_3$$

Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Noguchi, Yuji*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 59(SP), p.SPPA01_1 - SPPA01_7, 2020/11

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:82.64(Physics, Applied)

We investigate A-site cation ordering in the ferroelectric perovskite Bi$$_{0.5}$$Na$$_{0.5}$$TiO$$_3$$ (BNT) by synchrotron X-ray total scattering. Although BNT has a problem of a low depolarization temperature, it is promising a lead-free piezoelectric material. Since the depolarization temperature is presumed to correspond to a relaxer like gradual order-disorder phase transition, local structure analysis is necessary to understand the structure of the diorder phase. Through this approach, the elusive connection between chemical heterogeneity and structural heterogeneity is revealed. Because of the large randomness, the Ti off-center shift is averaged out beyond the unit cell and the structure becomes very close to the average structure beyond the unit cell.

Journal Articles

Development of a method for positron annihilation lifetime measurement in thin polyethylene films using a Na-22 source

Yamawaki, Masato*; Uesugi, Naoya*; Oka, Toshitaka; Nagasawa, Naotsugu*; Ando, Hirokazu*; O'Rourke, B. E.*; Kobayashi, Yoshinori*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 59(11), p.116504_1 - 116504_5, 2020/11

Positron annihilation lifetime measurements were performed on polyethylene films with thickness of 15$$mu$$m - 2000$$mu$$m using a Na-22 positron source enclosed in a Kapton film. For thin films, some positrons will pass through the film and annihilate behind it. Using a single film in a commercial anti-coincidence system, by placing an annealed stainless steel (SUS304) cover behind the sample, it is possible to sufficiently measure the long lifetime ortho-positronium (o-Ps) component even in thin films. Additionally, calculated intensities of the o-Ps component determined from the estimated film transmittance agreed well with the measured values. Furthermore, by applying this method to uniaxially stretched UHMWPE, we were able to observe structural changes owing to the stretching consistent with shorter measured o-Ps lifetime and increased o-Ps intensity.

Journal Articles

Tolerance of spin-Seebeck thermoelectricity against irradiation by swift heavy ions

Okayasu, Satoru; Harii, Kazuya*; Kobata, Masaaki; Yoshii, Kenji; Fukuda, Tatsuo; Ishida, Masahiko*; Ieda, Junichi; Saito, Eiji

Journal of Applied Physics, 128(8), p.083902_1 - 083902_7, 2020/08

AA2020-0071.pdf:0.69MB

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:8.66(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Degradation prediction using displacement damage dose method for AlInGaP solar cells by changing displacement threshold energy under irradiation with low-energy electrons

Okuno, Yasuki*; Ishikawa, Norito; Akiyoshi, Masafumi*; Ando, Hirokazu*; Harumoto, Masaki*; Imaizumi, Mitsuru*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 59(7), p.074001_1 - 074001_7, 2020/07

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:28.5(Physics, Applied)

Performance degradation prediction for space solar cells under irradiation with low-energy electrons is greatly affected by displacement threshold energy (Ed) when a displacement damage dose (DDD) model is used. According to recent studies, the Ed of P atoms is much lower than the conventional Ed value in InP-type solar cells irradiated with low-energy electrons. This indicates that the value of Ed typically used in DDD model leads to significant error in performance degradation prediction. In this study, degradation of AlInGaP solar cells is observed after irradiation with 60 keV electrons. The results suggest that the Ed of P atoms in AlInGaP solar cells is much smaller than the conventionally used Ed value. By using the DDD model with the Ed value obtained in this study, we demonstrated that the performance degradation predicted by the DDD model agrees well with the experimental results.

Journal Articles

Development of microwave-assisted, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy without a microwave cavity or waveguide

Oba, Masaki; Miyabe, Masabumi; Akaoka, Katsuaki; Wakaida, Ikuo

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 59(6), p.062001_1 - 062001_6, 2020/06

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:28.5(Physics, Applied)

Using a semiconductor microwave source and a coaxial cable for microwave transmission, a compact microwave-assisted, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system without a microwave cavity or waveguide was developed. Several types of electrode heads were tested, so that the emission intensity was 50 times larger than without microwave. The limit of the enhancement effect was also found.

Journal Articles

Acoustic ferromagnetic resonance and spin pumping induced by surface acoustic waves

Puebla, J.*; Xu, M.*; Rana, B.*; Yamamoto, Kei; Maekawa, Sadamichi*; Otani, Yoshichika*

Journal of Physics D; Applied Physics, 53(26), p.264002_1 - 264002_7, 2020/06

 Times Cited Count:23 Percentile:89.4(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Toward technological contributions to remote operations in the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

Kawabata, Kuniaki

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 59(5), p.050501_1 - 050501_9, 2020/05

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:19.89(Physics, Applied)

This paper describes the decommissioning work being undertaken at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station of the Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc.'s (FDNPS) using remote controlled robotic systems, as well as lessons learned from past remote task executions. We also summarize the issues to be considered in promoting safe, steady, and efficient decommissioning based on past experiences. In response to these issues, we are developing test methods for performance evaluation of the robots for nuclear decommissioning, robot simulator for operator proficiency training, and information generation methods to improve the operator's status awareness. The current status of technological development is also described.

708 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)