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C eutectic mixtureSumita, Takehiro; Kitagaki, Toru; Takano, Masahide; Ikeda, Atsushi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 543, p.152527_1 - 152527_15, 2021/01
and (U,Pu,Am,Np)OHirooka, Shun; Matsumoto, Taku; Kato, Masato; Sunaoshi, Takeo*; Uno, Hiroki*; Yamada, Tadahisa*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 542, p.152424_1 - 152424_9, 2020/12
Times Cited Count：0The measurement of oxygen potential was conducted at 1,673, 1,773, and 1,873 K for (U
Pu
Am
)O
and at 1,873 and 1,923 K for (U
Pu
Am
Np
)O by using a thermo-gravimeter and an oxygen sensor. Am inclusion in terms of substituting the U significantly increased the oxygen potential. Similarly, the inclusion of Np as a substitute for U increased the oxygen potential; however, the effect was not as large as that with the Pu or Am addition at the same rate. The results were analyzed via defect chemistry and certain defect formations were suggested in the reducing region and the near-stoichiometric region by plotting the relationship between PO and the deviation from the stoichiometry. The equilibrium constants of the defect reactions were arranged to reproduce the experiment such that Am/Np contents were included in the entropy with coefficients fitting the experimental data.
at high temperatures of 1673-1873 KWatanabe, Masashi; Kato, Masato; Sunaoshi, Takeo*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 542, p.152472_1 - 152472_7, 2020/12
Times Cited Count：0The oxygen self-diffusion coefficients in near stoichiometric (U,Pu)O at high temperatures were successfully measured by thermogravimetry combined with the oxygen isotope exchange method. The activation energy for oxygen diffusion in the stoichiometric composition of (U,Pu)O was evaluated from experimental data, and the value was determined to be 248 kJ/mol. In addition, the defect migration energies of (U,Pu)O were derived, and the oxygen self-diffusion coefficients were evaluated using these. As a result, good agreement was found between the experimental data and the oxygen self-diffusion coefficients calculated using the defect migration energies.
Suzudo, Tomoaki; Takamizawa, Hisashi; Nishiyama, Yutaka; Caro, A.*; Toyama, Takeshi*; Nagai, Yasuyoshi*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 540, p.152306_1 - 152306_10, 2020/11
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Spinodal decomposition in thermally aged Fe-Cr alloys leads to significant hardening, which is the direct cause of the so-called 475C-embrittlement. To illustrate how spinodal decomposition induces hardening by atomistic interactions, we conducted a series of numerical simulations as well as reference experiments. The numerical results indicated that the hardness scales linearly with the short-range order (SRO) parameter, while the experimental result reproduced this relationship within statistical error. Both seemingly suggest that neighboring Cr-Cr atomic pairs essentially cause hardening, because SRO is by definition uniquely dependent on the appearance probability of such pairs. A further numerical investigation supported this notion, as it suggests that the dominant cause of hardening is the pinning effect of dislocations passing over such Cr-Cr pairs.
Iwamoto, Yosuke; Meigo, Shinichiro; Hashimoto, Shintaro
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 538, p.152261_1 - 152261_9, 2020/09
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The displacements-per-atom (dpa) is widely used as an exposure unit to predict the operating lifetime of materials in radiation environments. Because the athermal-recombination-corrected dpa (arc-dpa) model is a more realistic model than the standard Norgertt-Robinson-Torrens (NRT) model, new evaluation of radiation damage will be performed using the arc-dpa model as a standard. In this work, the recent arc-dpa model of various materials are incorporated in PHITS, and the rescaling factors (NRT-dpa/arc-dpa) over a wide energy range are reported. For neutron incidences with the energy spectrum determined in selected nuclear facilities and proton incidences with energies of 600 MeV-50 GeV, the rescaling factor for each material is independent of these irradiation conditions with almost the same value for each material. Our findings will be beneficial for rescaling the NRT-dpa model used for radiation damage applications over a wide energy region.
U
)O
Nakamichi, Shinya; Hirooka, Shun; Kato, Masato; Sunaoshi, Takeo*; Nelson, A. T.*; McClellan, K. J.*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 535, p.152188_1 - 152188_8, 2020/07
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：24.17(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Oxygen-to-metal ratio (O/M) of uranium and plutonium mixed oxide depends on its oxygen partial pressure. To attain the desirable microstructure and O/M ratio of sintered pellets, it is important to investigate the relation between the sintering behavior and the atmosphere of sintering process. In this study, sintering behavior of (PuU)O and (PuU)O
in controlled po atmosphere were investigated. It was found activation energy of (PuU)O was higher than that of (PuU)O. On the other hand, it was observed grain growth during sintering was suppressed in hypo-stoichiometric composition.
Saito, Shigeru; Suzuki, Kazuhiro; Hatakeyama, Yuichi; Suzuki, Miho; Dai, Y.*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 534, p.152146_1 - 152146_16, 2020/06
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)A post-irradiation examination (PIE) was performed on the tensile specimens prepared from the MEGAPIE (MEGAwatt Pilot Experiment) target which were irradiated in flowing lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE). Thicknesses of the specimens were over two times larger than that of the standard specimen. The PIE revealed that the T91 specimens showed a 1.5-2.0 times larger total elongation (TE) compared to the literature values for a specimen with standard t/w (ratio of thickness to width). It could be suggested that the t/w and TE were strongly correlated. Then, we tried to investigate the effects of the t/w on the TE by comparing unirradiated specimens. We found that there was no t/w dependence on the strength and uniform elongation. On the other hand, the TE increases with increasing t/w. Based on the experimental data, we correlated the TE with various specimens t/w to estimate appropriate TE values, including that for the standard specimen.
Sudo, Ayako; Meszaros, B.*; Poznyak, I.*; Sato, Takumi; Nagae, Yuji; Kurata, Masaki
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 533, p.152093_1 - 152093_8, 2020/05
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Cappia, F.*; Tanaka, Kosuke; Kato, Masato; McClellan, K.*; Harp, J.*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 533, p.152076_1 - 152076_14, 2020/05
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)
C studied by laser heatingPham, V. H.; Nagae, Yuji; Kurata, Masaki; Bottomley, D.; Furumoto, Kenichiro*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 529, p.151939_1 - 151939_8, 2020/02
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：24.17(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Kumada, Takayuki; Oba, Yojiro; Motokawa, Ryuhei; Morooka, Satoshi; Tominaga, Aki; Tanida, Hajime; Shobu, Takahisa; Konno, Azusa; Owada, Kenji*; Ono, Naoko*; et al.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 528, p.151890_1 - 151890_7, 2020/01
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We have developed an anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering (ASAXS) diffractometer in SPring-8 to investigate irradiation-induced nanostructural change in ion-beam irradiated stainless steel. A thermally-aged MA956 stainless steel sample displays power-law scattering that follows the Porod law at the magnitude of scattering vector, Q, below 0.5 nm
and an overlapped shoulder around 0.7 nm. After the ion-beam irradiation, the intensity of the shoulder remained unchanged, whereas that of the power-law scattering nearly doubled. This result indicates that none of the structural parameters of the Cr-rich nanoprecipitates, such as the number density, size, and interface roughness, were changed by the irradiation.
Brissonneau, L.*; Ikeuchi, Hirotomo; Piluso, P.*; Gousseau, J.*; David, C.*; Testud, V.*; Roger, J.*; Bouyer, V.*; Kitagaki, Toru; Nakayoshi, Akira; et al.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 528, p.151860_1 - 151860_18, 2020/01
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Osawa, Kazuhito*; Toyama, Takeshi*; Hatano, Yuji*; Yamaguchi, Masatake; Watanabe, Hideo*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 527, p.151825_1 - 151825_7, 2019/12
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)no abstracts in English
Negyesi, M.; Amaya, Masaki
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 524, p.263 - 277, 2019/10
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：58.8(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Aihara, Jun; Ueta, Shohei; Honda, Masaki*; Mizuta, Naoki; Goto, Minoru; Tachibana, Yukio; Okamoto, Koji*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 522, p.32 - 40, 2019/08
In order to realize Pu-burner high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR), coated fuel particles (CFPs) with PuO-yittria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fuel kernel coated with ZrC is employed for high nuclear proliferation resistance and very high burn-up. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have carried out ZrC coatings of particles which simulated PuO-YSZ kernels (CeO-YSZ particles or commercially available YSZ particles). Ce was used as simulating element of Pu. In this manuscript, microstructures of ZrC coated CeO-YSZ or YSZ particles were reported.
Nakamura, Hiroki; Machida, Masahiko
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 519, p.45 - 51, 2019/06
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Thermal conductivity of nuclear fuel materials is one of the most essential thermophysical data in analyzing nuclear reactor safety and fuel performance. To establish a reliable technique of computation of their thermal conductivity, we apply a scheme based on first-principles electronic calculations and calculate phonon thermal conductivity of both plutonium and thorium dioxides. In the employed scheme, all phonon properties are calculated from harmonic and third-order anharmonic force constants obtained through first-principles calculations. Using these phonon properties, phonon thermal conductivity are computed with a standard phonon transport theory. The calculation results show a good agreement with experiments. Moreover, we evaluate grain-boundary effects on phonon thermal conduction. These results prove that the present first-principles scheme is reliably applicable to accurate computation of phonon thermal conductivity of fuel materials in the considered temperature range.
Yano, Yasuhide; Sekio, Yoshihiro; Tanno, Takashi; Kato, Shoichi; Inoue, Toshihiko; Oka, Hiroshi; Otsuka, Satoshi; Furukawa, Tomohiro; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Kaito, Takeji; et al.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 516, p.347 - 353, 2019/04
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：58.8(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)9Cr-ODS steel claddings consisting of tempered martensitic matrix, showed prominent creep rupture strength at 1000 C, which surpassed that of heat-resistant austenitic steels although creep rupture strength of tempered martensitic steels is generally lower than that of austenitic steels at high temperatures. The measured creep rupture strength of 9Cr-ODS steel claddings at 1000 C was higher than that from extrapolated creep rupture trend curves formulated using data at temperatures from 650 to 850 C. This superior strength seemed to be owing to transformation of the matrix from the 
-phase to the 
-phase. The transient burst strengths for 9Cr-ODS steel were much higher than those for 11Cr-ferritic/martensitic steel (PNC-FMS). Cumulative damage fraction analyses suggested that the life fraction rule can be used for the rupture life prediction of 9Cr-ODS steel and PNC-FMS claddings in the transient and accidental events with a certain accuracy.
Nordlund, K.*; Zinkle, S. J.*; Sand, A. E.*; Granberg, F.*; Averback, R. S.*; Stoller, R. E.*; Suzudo, Tomoaki; Malerba, L.*; Banhart, F.*; Weber, W. J.*; et al.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 512, p.450 - 479, 2018/12
Times Cited Count：68 Percentile：1.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Scientific understanding of any kind of radiation effects starts from the primary damage. We consider the extensive experimental and computer simulation studies that have been performed over the past several decades on what the nature of the primary damage is. We review both the production of crystallographic or topological defects in materials as well as radiation mixing, i.e. the process where atoms in perfect crystallographic positions exchange positions with other ones in non-defective positions. We also consider the recent effort to provide alternatives to the current international standard for quantifying this energetic particle damage, the Norgett-Robinson-Torrens displacements per atom (NRT-dpa) model for metals. We present in detail new complementary displacement production estimators ("athermal recombination corrected dpa": arc-dpa) and atomic mixing ("replacements per atom": rpa) functions that extend the NRT-dpa, and discuss their advantages and limitations.
Iwamoto, Yosuke; Yoshida, Makoto*; Yoshiie, Toshimasa*; Satoh, Daiki; Yashima, Hiroshi*; Matsuda, Hiroki; Meigo, Shinichiro; Shima, Tatsushi*
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 508, p.195 - 202, 2018/09
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：21.94(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)To validate the displacement damage model in radiation transport codes used for the estimation of radiation damages at accelerator facilities, we measured electrical resistance increase of aluminum and copper induced by radiation defects under the cryogenic 200 MeV proton irradiation. The irradiation device had the structure to cool two irradiation samples at same time using thermal conductance. The aluminum and copper wire with 250 
m diameter was sandwiched between two AlN plates with excellent thermal conductivity and electrical insulation. As a result, temperature of irradiation samples was kept at below 5 K under proton irradiation with beam intensity below 3 nA. The experimental displacement cross section agreed with calculated results with defect production efficiency.
Naoe, Takashi; Xiong, Z.*; Futakawa, Masatoshi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 506, p.12 - 18, 2018/08
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：40.19(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)A mercury target for neutron source (made of 316L SS) suffers not only proton and neutron radiation damage, but also cyclic impact stress caused by pressure waves. In the previous study, we carried out an ultrasonic fatigue test to investigate the gigacycle fatigue strength of 316L SS, concluding that specimen surface temperature rose abruptly more than 300C just before failure. In this study, to clarify the mechanism of the temperature rise, we measured temperature distribution with a thermography during the fatigue test. The experimental results showed that the temperature rose locally only at the crack tip and the peak position moved with the crack propagation. We also carried out a nonlinear structural analysis by LS-DYNA to estimate the temperature rise with strain energy of elements. The analytical result showed that the heat due to plastic deformation at the crack tip is dominant for the temperature rise rather than the friction between crack surface.
