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Journal Articles

Beryllium-7 depositions in Hokuriku, Japan in winter (1991-2021); Factors causing the temporal variation

Yoshida, Keisuke; Kato, Shingo; Okuyama, Shinichi; Ishimori, Yuu; Inoue, Mutsuo*

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 24, p.1 - 12, 2024/08

http://www.radiochem.org/en/paper/JN241/jn24102.pdf

Journal Articles

Arsenic and iron speciation and binding in the surface soils in Ningyo-toge mill tailings pond using X-ray absorption fine spectroscopy

Tokunaga, Kohei; Takahashi, Yoshio*; Kozai, Naofumi

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 23, p.14 - 19, 2023/00

Journal Articles

Liquid interfaces related to lanthanide and actinide chemistry studied using vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy

Kusaka, Ryoji

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 20, p.28 - 31, 2020/06

http://www.radiochem.org/en/paper/JN201/jn20105.pdf

Journal Articles

Anion-exchange separation of americium and the lanthanides using a single column

Miyamoto, Yutaka; Yasuda, Kenichiro

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 18, p.13 - 15, 2018/07

http://www.radiochem.org/en/paper/JN181/jn18104.pdf

A sequential separation technique using an anion-exchange column developed in the previous works have the potential to completely separate picograms of Am from the lanthanides using mixtures of acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid as the eluents, without any functional ligands or special columns. This experimental result implies that ultra-trace actinides, including Am, Pu, U, and Th in environmental samples can be sequentially separated by combination of these mixed-media eluents and an anion exchange column.

Journal Articles

Roles of d- and f-orbital electrons in the complexation of Eu(III) and Am(III) ions with alkyldithiophosphinic acid and alkylphosphinic acid using scalar-relativistic DFT calculations

Kaneko, Masashi; Watanabe, Masayuki; Miyashita, Sunao*; Nakashima, Satoru*

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 17, p.9 - 15, 2017/03

http://www.radiochem.org/en/paper/JN171/jn17102.pdf

Density functional calculations were applied to the complexation of Eu(III) and Am(III) ions with phosphinic acid (O-donor) and dihiophosphinic acid (S-donor) from the viewpoint of the bonding nature of valence orbitals in metal ion. Two and four conformers for S-donor and O-donor complexes, respectively were optimized. Their stabilization energies by complex formation toward [M(H$$_{2}$$O)$$_{9}$$]$$^{3+}$$ were estimated. As the result, the energies reproduced the experimental Am(III)/Eu(III) selectivity that O-donor ligand preferably coordinates to Eu(III) ion, whereas S-donor ligand selectively coordinates to Am(III) ion. Focused on the bonding natures of d and f-orbital electrons, it was indicated that the d-orbital electrons in both Eu and Am complexes participate in the covalency as bonding-type nature and have the almost same contribution. Meanwhile, the contribution of the f-orbital electrons was different between Eu and Am complexes and indicated that in the case of S-donor complex, non-bonding type and bonding type contributions were observed for Eu and Am complexes, respectively and in the case of O-donor complex, bonding type and anti-bonding type contributions were observed for Eu and Am complexes, respectively. This result suggested that the bonding natures of d-orbital electrons contribute to the geometrical similarity of molecular structures for Eu and Am complexes and the bonding natures of f-orbital electrons contribute to the difference in the selectivity of Eu and Am ions.

Journal Articles

Adsorption behavior of $$^{95}$$Nb and $$^{179}$$Ta as homologues of element 105, Db, on cation exchanger in HF/HNO$$_{3}$$ solution

Kasamatsu, Yoshitaka*; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tome, Hayato*; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Asai, Masato; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Nagame, Yuichiro

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 13(1), p.9 - 12, 2013/06

http://www.radiochem.org/paper/JN131/jn13102.pdf

Adsorption behavior of the group-5 elements, $$^{95}$$Nb and $$^{179}$$Ta, on cation-exchange resin was studied in mixed solution of HF and HNO$$_{3}$$ as a model experiment of their heavier homologue, element 105 (dubnium, Db). Chemical reactions of these elements in the cation exchange rapidly reached the equilibrium. It was found that distribution coefficients of Nb and Ta decrease with increasing the fluoride ion concentration in the studied range of 10$$^{-7}$$ - 10$$^{-5}$$ M. Clear difference between Nb and Ta was observed in the variations of the distribution coefficients against the fluoride ion concentration. This would originate from their different chemical species of fluoride complexes. We propose the cation-exchange experiment of Db based on the present experimental results to understand its fluoride complex formation.

Journal Articles

Efficiency calibration of Ge detector for $$^{131}$$I and $$^{134}$$Cs in soil samples and a simplified calculation of cascade summing corrections for volume source

Asai, Masato; Kaneya, Yusuke*; Sato, Tetsuya; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Oe, Kazuhiro; Sato, Nozomi; Toyoshima, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences (Internet), 12(1), p.5 - 10, 2012/06

http://www.radiochem.org/paper/JN121/jn12103.pdf

To measure radioactivities in soil contaminated by the accident of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, efficiency calibration of Ge detectors for $$^{131}$$I, $$^{134}$$Cs, and $$^{137}$$Cs in volume sources was investigated. $$gamma$$-ray detection efficiencies for these nuclei were determined precisely using standard soil samples containing $$^{134}$$Cs, $$^{137}$$Cs, $$^{175}$$Hf, and $$^{88}$$Zr. These standard sources were prepared by admixing radioactive solutions with soil, and point sources were made from the same solutions to determine their radioactivity concentrations. Cascade summing corrections for $$gamma$$ rays of $$^{134}$$Cs in soil samples were evaluated experimentally. To easily calculate the cascade summing corrections for volume sources, we examined a simplified method using averaged efficiencies, and evaluated its validity through a comparison of the calculated correction factors with the experimental ones.

Journal Articles

Chemical studies of rutherfordium (Rf) and nobelium (No) on an atom-at-a-time scale

Toyoshima, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 12(1), p.A1 - A6, 2012/05

http://www.radiochem.org/paper/JN121/jn12101.pdf

Chemical studies of rutherfordium (Rf) and nobelium (No) recently carried out at JAEA are reviewed. Anion-exchange behavior of Rf in HF and HNO$$_{3}$$ mixed solution was studied together with short-lived Zr and Hf isotopes using an automated chemistry apparatus. It was found that the hexafluoro complex of Rf is present in the solutions under the given conditions where the same complexes of Zr and Hf are existing. The formation constant of the Rf complex was evaluated to be at least one order of magnitude smaller than those of Zr and Hf. Oxidation experiments of No$$^{2+}$$ was conducted in 0.1 M $$alpha$$-hydroxyisobutyric ($$alpha$$-HIB) acid using a newly developed electrolytic column chromatography apparatus on an atom-at-a-time scale. The result clearly demonstrated that stable No$$^{2+}$$ is successfully oxidized to the trivalent state, No$$^{3+}$$, which is held in the $$alpha$$-HIB solution.

Journal Articles

QA/QC activities and estimation of uncertainty for ultra-trace analysis of uranium and plutonium in safeguards environmental samples

Usuda, Shigekazu*; Magara, Masaaki; Esaka, Fumitaka; Yasuda, Kenichiro; Kokubu, Yoko; Lee, C. G.; Miyamoto, Yutaka; Suzuki, Daisuke; Inagawa, Jun; Sakurai, Satoshi; et al.

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 11(2), p.A5 - A9, 2011/01

http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jnrs/j-online112.html

In the analysis of IAEA safeguards environmental samples, isotope ratios of ultra-trace amounts of uranium and plutonium in samples taken from nuclear facilities are determined to detect undeclared nuclear materials and activities. In order to keep and enhance the reliability of the measurement results, validation of analytical methods and estimation of measurement uncertainty in such ultra-trace analysis should be properly done in accordance with worldwide standards. In this paper, the current activities on achievement of QA/QC (quality assurance and quality control) and estimation of measurement uncertainty in the ultra-trace analysis at a clean chemistry laboratory (CLEAR) of JAEA are reported.

Journal Articles

Extraction of chromatographic behavior of Rf, Zr, and Hf in HCl solution with styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer resin modified by TOPO (trioctylphosphine oxide)

Toyoshima, Atsushi; Kasamatsu, Yoshitaka*; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Asai, Masato; Ishii, Yasuo; Tome, Hayato*; Nishinaka, Ichiro; Sato, Tetsuya; Nagame, Yuichiro; Sch$"a$del, M.; et al.

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 11(1), p.7 - 11, 2010/06

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs.11.7

The extraction behavior of rutherfordium (Rf) into trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) from 2.0 - 7.0 M HCl solution was studied together with that of the homologues Zr and Hf. The extracted yields of Rf, Zr, and Hf increased with an increase of HCl concentration, and the sequence of their extraction was Zr $$>$$ Hf $$geq$$ Rf. It is suggested that the stability of the RfCl$$_{4}$$$$cdot$$2(TOPO) complex is lower than that of the corresponding species of the homologues.

Journal Articles

Sequential separation of U, Th, Pb and lanthanides with a single anion-exchange column

Miyamoto, Yutaka; Yasuda, Kenichiro; Magara, Masaaki; Kimura, Takaumi; Usuda, Shigekazu*

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 10(2), p.7 - 12, 2009/12

With combination of a single anion-exchange column and mixed-media of CH$$_{3}$$COOH and other acids (HCl and/or HNO$$_{3}$$), 50 ng of U, Th, Pb, and lanthanides were sequentially separated. All of the elements were recovered more than 95%, and the decontamination factor was more than 100. This separation technique reduces separation time and simplified the complicated traditional processes without any special reagents and equipments.

Journal Articles

Anion-exchange behavior of Nb, Ta, and Pa as homologues of Db in HF/HNO$$_{3}$$ solutions

Kasamatsu, Yoshitaka; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tome, Hayato; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Haba, Hiromitsu*; Nagame, Yuichiro

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 8(2), p.69 - 72, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.8.69

We investigated anion-exchange behavior of Nb, Ta and Pa in HF/HNO$$_{3}$$ media to find suitable experimental conditions for the study of the Db fluoride complex formation. We measured Kd values of Nb, Ta and Pa on strong basic anion exchangers in the wide range of the fluoride ion concentration, 1$$times$$10$$^{-6}$$$$sim$$2$$times$$10$$^{-2}$$M, in order to in detail investigate anionic fluoride complex formation of those elements. We have used tracer concentrations of isotopes of $$^{95}$$Nb, $$^{179}$$Ta and $$^{233}$$Pa in the experiments. Variation of the Kd values as a function of [NO$$_{3}$$$$^{-}$$] was also studied. As a result, we observed an apparent difference in the adsorption behavior of the homologues. Based on these results together with the measurement of the equilibrium time, we propose rapid online experimental condition for the study of Db fluoride.

Journal Articles

Microbial transformations of plutonium

Francis, A. J.; Dodge, C. J.*; Onuki, Toshihiko

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 8(2), p.121 - 126, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.8.121

We investigated the biotransformation of Pu(IV)-citrate by ${it Pseudomonas fluorescens}$ under aerobic conditions. Citric acid was rapidly metabolized by ${it P. fluorescens}$ resulting in the formation of Pu polymer. Addition of Pu(VI) to a mixture consisting of bacterial cells and kaolinite clay showed that the Pu was preferentially associated with bacterial cells as Pu(IV) and that Pu(VI) was reduced to Pu(V) and Pu(IV) only in the presence of bacteria.

Journal Articles

Protein expression of ${it Saccharomyces cerevisiae}$ in response to uranium exposure

Sakamoto, Fuminori; Nankawa, Takuya; Kozai, Naofumi; Fujii, Tsutomu*; Iefuji, Haruyuki*; Francis, A. J.; Onuki, Toshihiko

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 8(2), p.133 - 136, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.8.133

Protein expression of ${it Saccharomyces cerevisiae}$ grown in the medium containing $$^{238}$$U(VI) and $$^{233}$$U(VI) was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. ${it S. cerevisiae}$ of BY4743 was grown in medium containing $$^{238}$$U of 0, 2.0, and 5.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{-4}$$ M or $$^{233}$$U of 2.5 $$times$$ 10$$^{-6}$$ (radioactivity was higher by 350 times than 2.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{-4}$$ M $$^{238}$$U) and 5.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{-6}$$ M for 112 h at 30$$^{circ}$$C. The growths of the yeast grown in the above media were in the following order: control $$>$$ 2.5 $$times$$ 10$$^{-6}$$ M $$^{233}$$U $$>$$ 2.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{-4}$$ M $$^{238}$$U $$>$$ 5.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{-6}$$ M $$^{233}$$U $$>$$ 5.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{-4}$$ M $$^{238}$$U. This result indicated that not only radiological but also chemical effect of U reduced the growth of the yeast. The concentrations of U in the medium containing $$^{238}$$U or $$^{233}$$U decreased, suggesting U accumulation by the yeast cells. The 2-D gel electrophoresis analysis showed the appearance of several spots after exposure to $$^{238}$$U or to $$^{233}$$U but not in the control containing no uranium. These results show that the yeast cells exposed to U express several specific proteins.

Journal Articles

Synthesis of endohedral $$^{133}$$Xe-fullerenol by using higher fullerene

Watanabe, Satoshi; Katabuchi, Tatsuya*; Ishioka, Noriko; Matsuhashi, Shimpei

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 8(2), p.105 - 107, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.8.105

Journal Articles

Measurement of evaporation residue and fission cross sections of the reaction $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U at subbarrier energies

Nishio, Katsuhisa; Hofmann, S.*; Ikezoe, Hiroshi; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Comas, V. F.*; Gan, Z.*; Heinz, S.*; Heredia, J. A.*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 8(2), p.73 - 78, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.8.73

Journal Articles

Application of PZC to $$^{188}$$W/$$^{188}$$Re generators

Matsuoka, Hiromitsu; Hashimoto, Kazuyuki; Hishinuma, Yukio*; Ishikawa, Koji*; Terunuma, Hitoshi*; Tatenuma, Katsuyoshi*; Uchida, Shoji*

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 6(3), p.189 - 191, 2005/12

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.6.3_189

Applicability of Mo adsorbent PZC(Poly Zirconium Compound) for $$^{188}$$W/$$^{188}$$Re generator was investigated. Long term stability of adsorption of $$^{188}$$W to the PZC column, elution of $$^{188}$$Re from PZC column, desorption of $$^{188W}$$ from PZC column, and labeling of Hydroxyethylidene Diphosphonic Acid(HEDP) and Mercaptoacetyltriglycine(MAG3) with $$^{188}$$Re eluted from PZC column were tested. The PZC generator gave reproducible $$^{188}$$Re elution yields with low $$^{188}$$W parent breakthrough for a long period of time(about 5 months), that is the $$^{188}$$W/$$^{188}$$Re generator using PZC has a potential for practical use.

Journal Articles

Production and chemistry of transactinide elements

Nagame, Yuichiro

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 6(3), p.205 - 210, 2005/12

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.6.3_205

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Cross section of thermal-neutron capture reaction by$$^{99}$$Tc

Furutaka, Kazuyoshi; Harada, Hideo; Nakamura, Shoji; Kato, Toshio; Fujii, Toshiyuki*; Yamana, Hajimu*; Raman, S.*

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 6(3), p.283 - 286, 2005/12

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.6.3_283

Results of a series of study are presented to accurately determine cross section of$$^{99}$$Tc(n,gamma)$$^{100}$$Tc reaction for thermal neutron. An activation method in which $$gamma$$ rays in$$^{100}$$Ru are analyzed, as well as an analysis of ground-state transitions in$$^{100}$$Tc are employed. To reduce uncertainties of the results in an activation method, an attempt was made to determine $$gamma$$-ray emission probabilities accurately. Though accuracies of the results were improved, the uncertainties are still larger than the requested values. Possible improvements are suggested.

Journal Articles

Transmutation of technetium in the experimental fast reactor "JOYO"

Aoyama, Takafumi; Maeda, Shigetaka; Maeda, Yukimoto; Suzuki, Soju

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 6(3), p.279 - 282, 2005/12

https://doi.org/10.14494/jnrs2000.6.3_279

no abstracts in English

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