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Nagase, Fumihisa
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 171, p.109052_1 - 109052_8, 2022/06
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：48.47(Nuclear Science & Technology)The fracture threshold of the fuel decreases if the oxidized Zr alloy cladding is strongly constrained by the spacer grid during quenching in a loss-of-coolant accident. Therefore, the estimation of realistic levels of the axial constraint has been a subject of significant interest on fuel safety. In this study, a test assembly consisting of a PWR-type simulated fuel segment and a 3
3 grid piece was heated in steam, cooled, and quenched, and the axial constraint force on the fuel segment was measured. The constraint force of the Zircaloy grid gradually decreased with temperature. Once the Zircaloy grid was heated to 
1060 K, the reduced constraint force had difficulty recovering, and thus the maximum constraint force during cooling and quenching was 
10 N. The constraint force was clearly reduced at 1070 K during the tests with the Inconel grid. However, the reduced constraint force partially recovered during cooling. As a result, the maximum constraint force during cooling and quenching was 20 to 50 N for the Inconel grid. In conclusion, oxidation, ballooning, rupture, or eutectic formation would not generally cause an extremely strong constraint, as predicted by previous studies, at the grid position.
Ozawa, Masaaki*; Amaya, Masaki
Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi, 19(4), p.185 - 200, 2020/12
no abstracts in English
Nakamura, Makoto; Tobita, Kenji; Someya, Yoji; Uto, Hiroyasu; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; Gulden, W.*
Nuclear Fusion, 55(12), p.123008_1 - 123008_7, 2015/12
Times Cited Count：15 Percentile：59.75(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Major in- and ex-vessel loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs) of a water-cooled tokamak fusion DEMO reactor have been analysed. Analyses have identified responses of the DEMO systems to these accidents and pressure loads to confinement barriers for radioactive materials. The thermohydraulic analysis results suggests that the in- and ex-vessel LOCAs crucially threaten integrity of the primary and final confinement barriers, respectively. As for the in-vessel LOCA, it was found that the pressure in the vacuum vessel reaches its design value due to the LOCA even though a pressure suppression system is in service. As for the ex-vessel LOCA, the pressure load to the tokamak hall due to the double-ended break of the primary cooling pipe was found to be so large that integrity of the hall was crucially challenged. Mitigations of the loads to the confinement barriers are also discussed.
Amaya, Masaki; Udagawa, Yutaka; Narukawa, Takafumi; Mihara, Takeshi; Sugiyama, Tomoyuki
Proceedings of Annual Topical Meeting on Reactor Fuel Performance (TopFuel 2015), Part.2 (Internet), p.10 - 18, 2015/09
Advanced fuels which consist of cladding materials with high corrosion resistance and pellets with lower fission gas release have been developed by utilities and fuel vendors to improve fuel performance even in the high burnup region and also raise the safety level of current nuclear power plants to a higher one. In order to evaluate the adequacy of present safety criteria and safety margins in terms of such advanced fuels and provide a database for future regulation on them, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has started a new extensive research program called ALPS-II program (Phase II of Advanced LWR Fuel Performance and Safety program). This program is primarily composed of tests simulating a reactivity-initiated accident (RIA) and a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) on high burnup advanced fuels shipped from European nuclear power plants. This paper describes an outline of this program and some experimental results with respect to RIA and LOCA which have been obtained in this program.
Takamatsu, Kuniyoshi; Hu, R.*
Proceedings of 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-10) (USB Flash Drive), 12 Pages, 2014/12
continuous closed regions; one is an ex-reactor pressure vessel (RPV) region and another is a cooling region having heat transfer area to ambient air assumed at 40 (
C). The RCCS uses novel shape so that the heat released from the RPV can be removed efficiently with radiation and natural convection. Employing the air as the working fluid and the ambient air as the ultimate heat sink, the new RCCS design greatly reduces the possibility of losing the heat sink for decay heat removal. Therefore, HTGRs and VHTRs adopting the new RCCS design can avoid core melting owing to overheating the fuels.
Nakamura, Makoto; Tobita, Kenji; Someya, Yoji; Tanigawa, Hisashi; Gulden, W.*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; Araki, Takao*; Watanabe, Kazuhito*; Matsumiya, Hisato*; Ishii, Kyoko*; et al.
Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 9, p.1405139_1 - 1405139_11, 2014/10
Key aspects of the safety study of a water-cooled fusion DEMO reactor is reported. Safety requirements, dose target, DEMO plant model and confinement strategy of the safety study are briefly introduced. The internal hazard of a water-cooled DEMO, i.e. radioactive inventories, stored energies that can mobilize these inventories and accident initiators and scenarios, are evaluated. It is pointed out that the enthalpy in the first wall/blanket cooling loops, the decay heat and the energy potentially released by the Be-steam chemical reaction are of special concern for the water-cooled DEMO. An ex-vessel loss-of-coolant of the first wall/blanket cooling loop is also quantitatively analyzed. The integrity of the building against the ex-VV LOCA is discussed.
Nakamura, Makoto; Ibano, Kenzo*; Tobita, Kenji; Someya, Yoji; Tanigawa, Hisashi; Gulden, W.*; Ogawa, Yuichi*
Proceedings of 25th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2014) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2014/10
Of late in Japan, a design study has been undertaken of a tokamak fusion DEMO with pressurized water coolant and solid pebble bed breeding blanket, but safety characteristics of this type of DEMO have not been well examined. In this paper, thermohydraulics analysis of in-vessel and ex-vessel loss-of-coolant accidents of a water-cooled tokamak DEMO is reported. Safety characteristics of water-cooled DEMO, particularly possible loads onto confinement barriers, are discussed based on the thermohydraulics analysis results. Measures to reduce such loads are also proposed.
Sugiyama, Tomoyuki; Nagase, Fumihisa; Nakamura, Jinichi; Fuketa, Toyoshi
HPR-362, Vol.2, 12 Pages, 2004/05
To provide a data base for the regulatory guide of light water reactors, behavior of reactor fuels during off-normal and postulated accident conditions such as loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and reactivity-initiated accident (RIA) is being studied at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). The LOCA program consists of integral thermal shock tests and other separate tests for oxidation rate and mechanical property of fuel claddings. Prior to the tests on irradiated claddings, the tests have been conducted on non-irradiated claddings to examine separate effects of corrosion and hydrogen absorption during reactor operation. The tests on irradiated claddings have recently been started and results have been obtained. As for an RIA study, a series of experiments with high burnup fuel rods is being performed by using pulse irradiation capability of the NSRR. This paper presents recent results obtained from the LOCA and RIA studies at JAERI.
Department of Hot Laboratories
JAERI-Review 2003-038, 106 Pages, 2003/12
JAERI-Review-2003-038.pdf:9.36MB
no abstracts in English
Kurihara, Ryoichi; Watanabe, Kenichi*; Konishi, Satoshi
JAERI-Review 2003-020, 37 Pages, 2003/07
JAERI-Review-2003-020.pdf:2.08MB
no abstracts in English
Shibata, Mitsuhiko; Takase, Kazuyuki; Watanabe, Hironori; Akimoto, Hajime
Fusion Engineering and Design, 63-64, p.217 - 222, 2002/12
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：34.36(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Konishi, Satoshi
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 78(11), p.1157 - 1164, 2002/11
Based on the fundamental approach for safety of ITER, possible extension to assure safety of fusion power plant was considered. Although the entire analysis and licensing preparation are specific for ITER, its methodology that take full advantage of inherent feature of fusion is expected to be applied to fundamental logic of fusion power plant. Both energy and radioactive source terms that could be potential hazards are typically of order of days of operation rather than a year in the case of fission. Major difference from the test reactor ITER identified was power blanket, coolant loop and generator train that will hold high temperature and considerable amount of tritium. It is anticipated that tritium inventory and most of the tritium safety plant would essentially be same as ITER, tritium recovery and removal from blanket loop will dominate the fusion power plant tritium systems. Such a tritium system will actively remove tritium at the daily throughput comparable with the order of plant inventory. This feature suggest no dedicated off-normal systems are needed to assure safety of fusion plant from the aspect of environmental tritium release.
Iwai, Yasunori; Nakamura, Hirofumi; Konishi, Satoshi; Nishi, Masataka; Willms, R. S.*
Fusion Science and Technology, 41(3), p.668 - 672, 2002/05
no abstracts in English
Ose, Yasuo*; Takase, Kazuyuki; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Akimoto, Hajime
Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 10) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2002/00
no abstracts in English
Takase, Kazuyuki; Akimoto, Hajime
Nuclear Fusion, 41(12), p.1873 - 1883, 2001/12
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：21.33(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)no abstracts in English
Kinoshita, Hidetaka; Kaminaga, Masanori; Hino, Ryutaro
JAERI-Tech 2001-052, 41 Pages, 2001/08
JAERI-Tech-2001-052.pdf:1.99MB
no abstracts in English
Kurihara, Ryoichi; Ajima, Toshio*; Ueda, Shuzo; Seki, Yasushi
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 38(7), p.571 - 576, 2001/07
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Takase, Kazuyuki; Ose, Yasuo*; Akimoto, Hajime
Fusion Technology, 39(2-Part.2), p.1050 - 1055, 2001/03
no abstracts in English
Takase, Kazuyuki; Akimoto, Hajime
Proceedings of IAEA 18th Fusion Energy Conference (CD-ROM), 5 Pages, 2001/00
no abstracts in English
; ; ; Yamaguchi, Akira
JNC TN9400 2000-109, 96 Pages, 2000/11
JNC-TN9400-2000-109.pdf:9.56MB
Numerical calculations were carried out for a free surface sloshing, a thermal stratification, a thermal striping, and a natural convection as key phenomena of in-vessel thermohydraulics in future fast reactor systems with various fluids as coolants. This numerical work was initiaied based on a recognition that the fundamental characteristics of the phenomena have been unsolved quantitatively in the use of various coolants. From the analysis for the phenomena, the following results were obtained. [Free Surface Sloshing phenomena] (1)Ther is no remarkable difference betweeen liquid sodium and luquid Pb-Bi in characteristics of internal flows and free surface charatristics based on Fr number. (2)the AQUA-VOF code has a potentiall enough to evaluate gas entrainment behavior from the free surface including the internal flow characteristics. [thermal Stratification Phenomena] (1)On-set position of thermal entainment process due to dynamic vortex flows was moved to downstream direction with decreasing of Ri number. 0n the other hand, the position in the case of C0
gas was shifted to upstream side with decreasing of Ri number. (2)Destruction speed of the thermal stratyification interface was dependent on thermal diffusivity as fluid properties. therefor it was concluded that an elimination method is necessary for the interface generated in C0 gas. [thermal Striping Phenomena] (1)Large amplitudes of fluid temperature fluctuations was reached to down stream area in the use of CO gas, due to larger fluid viscosity and smaller thermal diffusivity, compared with liquid sodium and liquid Pb-Bi cases. (2)To simulate thermal striping conditions such as amplitude and frequency of the fluid temperature fluctuations, it isnecessary for coincidences of Re number for the amplitude and of velocity value for the frequency, in various coolants. [Natural Convection Phenomena] (1)Fundamental behavior of the natural convection in various coolant follows buoyant jet ....
