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Journal Articles

Measurements of neutron capture cross-sections for nuclides of interest in decommissioning; $$^{45}$$Sc, $$^{63}$$Cu, $$^{64}$$Zn, $$^{109}$$Ag, and $$^{113}$$In

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Endo, Shunsuke; Rovira Leveroni, G.; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 61(11), p.1415 - 1430, 2024/11

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2024.2346347
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Neutron capture cross-sections of nuclides targeted for decommissioning are necessary to contribute to the evaluation of radioactivity produced. The present study, $$^{45}$$Sc, $$^{63}$$Cu, $$^{65}$$Zn, $$^{109}$$Ag and $$^{113}$$In nuclides were selected as target ones, and their thermal-neutron capture cross-sections were measured by an activation method at Kyoto University Research Reactor. The thermal-neutron capture cross-sections were obtained as follows: 27.18$$pm$$0.28 barn for $$^{45}$$Sc(n, $$gamma$$)$$^{46}$$Sc, 4.34$$pm$$0.06 barn for $$^{63}$$Cu(n, $$gamma$$)$$^{64}$$Cu, 0.719$$pm$$0.011 barn for $$^{64}$$Zn(n, $$gamma$$)$$^{65}$$Zn, 4.05$$pm$$0.05 barn for $$^{109}$$Ag(n, $$gamma$$)$$^{rm 110m}$$Ag and 8.53$$pm$$0.27 barn for $$^{113}$$In(n, $$gamma$$) $$^{114}$$In$$^{m1+m2}$$. The results for $$^{45}$$Sc and $$^{64}$$Zn nuclides supported evaluated values within the limits of uncertainties, while those for the other nuclides were slightly different from evaluated ones. The obtained results are useful not only for the evaluation of production amount, but also for the monitor selection other than Au and Co by considering those nuclides as flux monitors.

Journal Articles

Comparing DGSMC, FIER, and FISPACT simulations to experimental delayed gamma-ray spectra for nuclear safeguards development

Rodriguez, D.; Rossi, F.; Takahashi, Tone

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 71(3), p.255 - 268, 2024/03

https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2024.3353816
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Journal Articles

Measurements of neutron capture cross-section for nuclides of interest in decommissioning (II); $$^{58}$$Fe(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{59}$$Fe

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Endo, Shunsuke; Rovira Leveroni, G.; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 8 Pages, 2024/00

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2024.2427244

Journal Articles

Measurements of capture cross-section of $$^{93}$$Nb by activation method and half-life of $$^{94}$$Nb by mass analysis

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Endo, Shunsuke; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 60(11), p.1361 - 1371, 2023/11

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2023.2198526
 Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：35.82(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The thermal-neutron capture cross section ($$sigma$$$$_{0}$$) and resonance integral (I$$_{0}$$) for $$^{93}$$Nb among nuclides for decommissioning were measured by an activation method and the half-life of $$^{94}$$Nb by mass analysis. Niobium-93 samples were irradiated with a hydraulic conveyer installed in the research reactor in Institute for Integral Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University. Gold-aluminum, cobalt-aluminum alloy wires were used to monitor thermal-neutron fluxes and epi-thermal Westcott's indexes at an irradiation position. A 25-$$mu$$m-thick gadolinium foil was used to sort out reactions ascribe to thermal-and epi-thermal neutrons. Its thickness provided a cut-off energy of 0.133 eV. In order to attenuate radioactivity of $$^{182}$$Ta due to impurities, the Nb samples were cooled for nearly 2 years. The induced radio activity in the monitors and Nb samples were measured by $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy. In analysis based on Westcott's convention, the $$sigma$$$$_{0}$$ and I$$_{0}$$ values were derived as 1.11$$pm$$0.04 barn and 10.5$$pm$$0.6 barn, respectively. After the $$gamma$$-ray measurements, mass analysis was applied to the Nb sample to obtain the reaction rate. By combining data obtained by both $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy and mass analysis, the half-life of $$^{94}$$Nb was derived as (2.00$$pm$$0.15)$$times$$10$$^{4}$$ years.

Journal Articles

Neutron capture cross-section measurement by mass spectrometry for Pb-204 irradiated in JRR-3

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Kimura, Atsushi; Endo, Shunsuke; Shizuma, Toshiyuki*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 60(9), p.1133 - 1142, 2023/09

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2023.2172088
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)

In recent years, research has been advanced on lead-cooled fast reactors and accelerator drive systems, and it is required to improve the accuracy of the neutron capture cross section of Pb isotopes. Although $$^{204}$$Pb has a small natural abundance, it is of importance because it produces the long-lived radionuclide $$^{205}$$Pb (17.3 million years) by neutron capture reaction. However, it is difficult to measure its cross section by a conventional activation method using a nuclear reactor because the induced radioactivity of $$^{205}$$Pb is weak. Hence, the cross-section measurement was performed by applying mass spectrometry. This presentation gives the details of the experiment and the results obtained in the neutron capture cross-section measurement of $$^{204}$$Pb using mass spectroscopy.

Journal Articles

Development of correction method for sample density effect on PGA

Maeda, Makoto; Segawa, Mariko; Toh, Yosuke; Endo, Shunsuke; Nakamura, Shoji; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 332(8), p.2995 - 2999, 2023/08

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-08961-x
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Chemistry, Analytical)

Journal Articles

Thermal-neutron capture cross-section measurements of neptunium-237 with graphite thermal column in KUR

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Endo, Shunsuke; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(11), p.1388 - 1398, 2022/11

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2022.2058639
 Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：18.18(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The present study selected $$^{237}$$Np among radioactive nuclides and aimed to measure the thermal-neutron capture cross-section for $$^{237}$$Np in a well-thermalized neutron field by an activation method. A $$^{237}$$Np standard solution was used for irradiation samples. A thermal-neutron flux at an irradiation position was measured with neutron flux monitors: $$^{45}$$Sc, $$^{59}$$Co, $$^{98}$$Mo, $$^{181}$$Ta and $$^{197}$$Au. The $$^{237}$$Np sample and flux monitors were irradiated together for 30 minutes in the graphite thermal column equipped with the Kyoto University Research Reactor. The similar irradiation was carried out twice. After the irradiations, the $$^{237}$$Np samples were quantified using 312-keV gamma ray emitted from $$^{233}$$Pa in a radiation equilibrium with $$^{237}$$Np. The reaction rates of $$^{237}$$Np were obtained from gamma-ray peak net counts given by $$^{238}$$Np, and then the thermal-neutron capture cross-section of $$^{237}$$Np was found to be 173.8$$pm$$4.4 barn by averaging the results obtained by the two irradiations. The present result was in agreement with the reported data given by a time-of-flight method within the limit of uncertainty.

Journal Articles

Measurements of thermal-neutron capture cross-section of the $$^{237}$$Np(n, $$gamma$$) reaction with TC-Pn in KUR

Nakamura, Shoji; Endo, Shunsuke; Kimura, Atsushi; Shibahara, Yuji*

KURNS Progress Report 2021, P. 93, 2022/07

https://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/PUB/report/PR/ProgRep2021/ProgRep2021.html

In terms of nuclear transmutation studies of minor actinides in nuclear wastes, the present work selected $$^{237}$$Np among them and aimed to measure the thermal-neutron capture cross-section of $$^{237}$$Np using a well-thermalized neutron field by a neutron activation method because there have been discrepancies among reported cross-section data. A $$^{237}$$Np standard solution was used for irradiation samples. The thermal-neutron flux at an irradiation position was measured with flux monitors: $$^{45}$$Sc, $$^{59}$$Co, $$^{98}$$Mo, $$^{181}$$Ta and $$^{197}$$Au. The $$^{237}$$Np sample was irradiated together with the flux monitors for 30 minutes in the graphite thermal column equipped in the Kyoto University Research Reactor. The similar irradiation was repeated once more to confirm the reproducibility of the results. After irradiation, the $$^{237}$$Np samples were quantified using 312-keV gamma-ray emitted from $$^{233}$$Pa in radiation equilibrium with $$^{237}$$Np. The reaction rates of $$^{237}$$Np were obtained from the peak net counts of gamma-rays emitted from generated $$^{238}$$Np, and then the thermal-neutron capture cross-section of $$^{237}$$Np was found to be 173.8$$pm$$4.7 barn by averaging the results obtained by the two irradiations. The present result was in agreement with the reported data given by a time-of-flight method within a limit of uncertainty.

JAEA Reports

Measurement of nuclide production cross-sections in high-energy proton-induced spallation reactions at J-PARC

Nakano, Keita; Matsuda, Hiroki*; Meigo, Shinichiro; Iwamoto, Hiroki; Takeshita, Hayato*; Maekawa, Fujio

JAEA-Research 2021-014, 25 Pages, 2022/03

JAEA-Research-2021-014.pdf:2.1MB

For the development of accelerator-driven transmutation system (ADS), measurement of nuclide production cross-sections in proton-induced reactions on $$^9$$Be, C, $$^{27}$$Al, $$^{45}$$Sc, and V have been performed. The measured data are compared with the calculations by the latest nuclear reaction models and with the nuclear data library to investigate the reproducibilities.

Journal Articles

Thermal-neutron capture cross-section measurement of tantalum-181 using graphite thermal column at KUR

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Endo, Shunsuke; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 58(10), p.1061 - 1070, 2021/10

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2021.1908187
 Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：61.34(Nuclear Science & Technology)

In a well-thermalized neutron field, it is principally possible to drive a thermal-neutron capture cross-section without considering an epithermal neutron component. This was demonstrated by a neutron activation method using the graphite thermal column (TC-Pn) of the Kyoto University Research Reactor. First, in order to confirm that the graphite thermal column was a well-thermalized neutron field, neutron irradiation was performed with neutron flux monitors: $$^{197}$$Au, $$^{59}$$Co, $$^{45}$$Sc, $$^{63}$$Cu, and $$^{98}$$Mo. The TC-Pn was confirmed to be extremely thermalized on the basis of Westcott's convention, because the thermal-neutron flux component took a constant value regardless of the sensitivity of each flux monitor to epithermal neutrons. Next, as a demonstration, the thermal-neutron capture cross section of $$^{181}$$Ta(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{182m+g}$$Ta reaction was measured using the graphite thermal column, and then derived to be 20.5$$pm$$0.4 barn, which supported the evaluated value of 20.4$$pm$$0.3 barn. The $$^{181}$$Ta nuclide could be useful as a flux monitor that complements the sensitivity between $$^{197}$$Au and $$^{98}$$Mo monitors.

Journal Articles

Experimental characterization of high-energy component in extracted pulsed neutrons at the J-PARC spallation neutron source

Harada, Masahide; Teshigawara, Makoto; Oi, Motoki; Oikawa, Kenichi; Takada, Hiroshi; Ikeda, Yujiro

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1000, p.165252_1 - 165252_8, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165252
 Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：39.03(Instruments & Instrumentation)

This study explores high-energy neutron components of the extracted neutron beam at J-PARC pulsed neutron source using the foil activation method with threshold reactions. Foils of aluminum, gold, bismuth, niobium, and thulium were used to cover the neutron energy range from 0.3 MeV to 79.4 MeV. The experiment was performed using neutron beams of BL10 (NOBORU). The foils were irradiated by a neutron beam at 13.4 m from the moderator. To characterize high-energy neutron fields for irradiation applications, reaction rates in three different configurations with and without B$$_{4}$$C slit and Pb filter were examined. To compare the experiments with calculations given for the user, reaction rates for corresponding reactions were calculated by the PHITS code with the JENDL-3.2 and the JENDL dosimetry file. Although there was a systematic tendency in C/E (Calculation/Experiment) ratios for different threshold energies, which C/E ratio decreased as threshold energy increased up to 100 MeV, and all C/E ratios were in the range of 1.0$$pm$$0.2. This indicated that high-energy neutron calculations were adequate for the analysis of experimental data for NOBORU users.

Journal Articles

Thermal-neutron capture cross sections and resonance integrals of the $$^{243}$$Am(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{rm 244g}$$Am and $$^{243}$$Am(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{rm 244m+g}$$Am reactions

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Endo, Shunsuke; Kimura, Atsushi

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 58(3), p.259 - 277, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2020.1819907
 Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：46.37(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Research and development were made for accuracy improvement of neutron capture cross section data on $$^{243}$$Am among minor actinides. First, the emission probabilities of decay $$gamma$$ rays were obtained with high accuracy, and the amount of the ground state of $$^{244}$$Am produced by reactor neutron irradiation of $$^{243}$$Am was examined by $$gamma$$-ray measurement. Next, the total amount of isomer and ground states was examined by $$alpha$$-ray measurement. Thermal-neutron capture cross sections and resonance integrals were derived both for the $$^{243}$$Am(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{rm 244g}$$Am and for $$^{243}$$Am(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{rm 244m+g}$$Am reactions.

Journal Articles

Measurement of thick target neutron yield at 180$$^{circ}$$ for a mercury target induced by 3-GeV protons

Matsuda, Hiroki; Iwamoto, Hiroki; Meigo, Shinichiro; Takeshita, Hayato*; Maekawa, Fujio

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 483, p.33 - 40, 2020/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2020.09.012
 Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：31.79(Instruments & Instrumentation)

A thick target neutron yield for a mercury target at an angle of 180$$^{circ}$$ from the incident beam direction is measured with the time-of-flight method using a 3-GeV proton beam at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Comparing the experimental result with a Monte Carlo particle transport simulation by the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) shows that there are apparent discrepancies. We find that this trend is consistent with an experimental result of neutron-induced re- action rates obtained using indium and niobium activation foils. Comparing proton-induced neutron-production double-differential cross-sections for a lead target at backward directions between the PHITS calculation and experimental data suggests that the dis- crepancies for our experiments would be linked to the neutron production calculation around 3 GeV by the PHITS spallation model and/or the calculation of nonelastic cross-sections around 3 GeV in the particle transport simulation.

Journal Articles

Measurement for thermal neutron capture cross sections and resonance integrals of the $$^{243}$$Am(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{rm 244g}$$Am, $$^{rm 244m+g}$$Am reactions

Nakamura, Shoji; Endo, Shunsuke; Kimura, Atsushi; Shibahara, Yuji*

KURNS Progress Report 2019, P. 132, 2020/08

https://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/PUB/report/PR/ProgRep2019/ProgressReport2019_online.pdf

Research and development were made for accuracy improvement of neutron capture cross section data on $$^{243}$$Am among minor actinides. First, the emission probabilities of decay $$gamma$$ rays were obtained with high accuracy, and the amount of the ground state of $$^{244}$$Am produced by reactor neutron irradiation of $$^{243}$$Am was examinded by $$gamma$$-ray measurement. Next, the total amount of isomer and ground states was examoned by $$alpha$$-ray measurement.

Journal Articles

Measurements of thermal-neutron capture cross-section of cesium-135 by applying mass spectrometry

Nakamura, Shoji; Shibahara, Yuji*; Kimura, Atsushi; Iwamoto, Osamu; Uehara, Akihiro*; Fujii, Toshiyuki*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 57(4), p.388 - 400, 2020/04

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2019.1691077
 Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：27.87(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The thermal-neutron capture cross-section ($$sigma_{0}$$) and resonance integral(I$$_{0}$$) were measured for the $$^{135}$$Cs(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{136}$$Cs reaction by an activation method and mass spectrometry. We used $$^{135}$$Cs contained as an impurity in a normally available $$^{137}$$Cs standard solution. An isotope ratio of $$^{135}$$Cs and $$^{137}$$Cs in a standard $$^{137}$$Cs solution was measured by mass spectrometry to quantify $$^{135}$$Cs. The analyzed $$^{137}$$Cs samples were irradiated at the hydraulic conveyer of the research reactor in Institute for Integral Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University. Wires of Co/Al and Au/Al alloys were used as neutron monitors to measure thermal-neutron fluxes and epi-thermal Westcott's indices at an irradiation position. A gadolinium filter was used to measure the $$sigma_{0}$$, and a value of 0.133 eV was taken as the cut-off energy. Gamma-ray spectroscopy was used to measure induced activities of $$^{137}$$Cs, $$^{136}$$Cs and monitor wires. On the basis of Westcott's convention, the $$sigma_{0}$$ and I$$_{0}$$ values were derived as 8.57$$pm$$0.25 barn, and 45.3$$pm$$3.2 barn, respectively. The $$sigma_{0}$$ obtained in the present study agreed within the limits of uncertainties with the past reported value of 8.3$$pm$$0.3 barn.

Journal Articles

Activation measurement for thermal-neutron capture cross-section of Cesium-135

Nakamura, Shoji; Kimura, Atsushi; Iwamoto, Osamu; Shibahara, Yuji*; Uehara, Akihiro*; Fujii, Toshiyuki*

KURNS Progress Report 2018, P. 106, 2019/08

https://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/PUB/report/PR/ProgRep2018/ProgRep2018.html

Under the ImPACT project, the neutron capture cross-section measurements of Cesium-135 ($$^{135}$$Cs) among the long-lived fission products have been performed at Kyoto University. This paper reports measurements of the thermal-neutron capture cross-section of $$^{135}$$Cs at the Kyoto University Research Reactor (KUR).

Journal Articles

Measurements of thermal-neutron capture cross-section and resonance integral of neptunium-237

Nakamura, Shoji; Kitatani, Fumito; Kimura, Atsushi; Uehara, Akihiro*; Fujii, Toshiyuki*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 56(6), p.493 - 502, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2019.1598304
 Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：43.78(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The thermal-neutron capture cross-section($$sigma_{0}$$)and resonance integral(I$$_{0}$$) were measured for the $$^{237}$$Np(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{238}$$Np reaction by an activation method. A method with a Gadolinium filter, which is similar to the Cadmium difference method, was used to measure the $$sigma_{0}$$ with paying attention to the first resonance at 0.489 eV of $$^{237}$$Np, and a value of 0.133 eV was taken as a cut-off energy. Neptunium-237 samples were irradiated at the pneumatic tube of the Kyoto University Research Reactor in Institute for Integral Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University. Wires of Co/Al and Au/Al alloys were used as monitors to determine thermal-neutron fluxes and epi-thermal Westcott's indices at an irradiation position. A $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy was used to measure activities of $$^{237}$$Np, $$^{238}$$Np and neutron monitors. On the basis of Westcott's convention, the $$sigma_{0}$$ and I$$_{0}$$ values were derived as 186.9$$pm$$6.2 barn, and 1009$$pm$$90 barn, respectively.

Journal Articles

Measurements and analyses of the distribution of the radioactivity induced by the secondary neutrons produced by 17-MeV protons in compact cyclotron facility

Matsuda, Norihiro; Izumi, Yuichi*; Yamanaka, Yoshiyuki*; Gando, Toshiyuki*; Yamada, Masaaki*; Oishi, Koji*

EPJ Web of Conferences, 153, p.07001_1 - 07001_6, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201715307001
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Journal Articles

R&D of active neutron NDA techniques for nuclear nonproliferation and nuclear security, 3; Validation of neutron transport code for design of NDA system

Maeda, Makoto; Komeda, Masao; Tobita, Hiroshi; Ozu, Akira; Kureta, Masatoshi; Bogucarska, T.*; Crochemore, J. M.*; Varasano, G.*; Pedersen, B.*

Dai-37-Kai Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nihon Shibu Nenji Taikai Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2017/02

JAEA and EC/JRC are carrying out collaborative research to develop NDA techniques that can be utilized for quantification of high radioactive special nuclear materials such as spent fuel and next generation minor actinide fuels. In the research, reliability of neutron transport codes is important because it is utilized for design and development of a demonstration system of next-generation Differential Die-away (DDA) technique in JAEA. In order to evaluate the reliability, actual neutron flux distribution in a sample cavity was examined in PUNITA device using JRC type DDA technique and JAWAS-T device using JAEA type DDA technique, and then the measurement results were compared with the simulation results obtained by the neutron transport codes. The neutron flux distribution in the target matrix was also examined in the PUNITA and compared with the simulation results. We report on the measurement and simulation results of the neutron flux distribution and evaluation results of the reliability of the neutron transport codes.

Journal Articles

Measurements of americium isotopes by activation method at KURRI-Linac

Nakamura, Shoji; Terada, Kazushi; Takahashi, Yoshiyuki*; Sano, Tadafumi*; Hori, Junichi*

KURRI Progress Report 2015, P. 69, 2016/08

http://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/PUB/report/PR/ProgRep2015/PR2015.pdf#page=78

Neutron capture cross section measurements has been conducted for Minor Actinides (MAs) under the research project entitled by "Research and development for Accuracy Improvement of neutron nuclear data on Minor ACtinides (AIMAC)". The present work selected two americium isotopes, $$^{241}$$Am and $$^{243}$$Am, were selected, and measurements were carried out by an activation method with neutron sources at KURRI-Linac. It was found that the neutron flux at the target positon was of the order of 10$$^{8}$$ (n/cm$$^{2}$$s). The reaction rates of $$^{241}$$Am and $$^{243}$$Am were obtained by $$alpha$$- and $$gamma$$-ray measurements of the irradiated Am samples.

34 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)