Estimation of H demand and HTGR development potential in the industrial complex in Japan

Noguchi, Hiroki; Ishii, Katsunori; Ono, Masato; Kasahara, Seiji; Sato, Hiroyuki; Sakaba, Nariaki

Proceedings of World Hydrogen Technology Convention 2025 (WHTC 2025) (Internet), p.50 - 52, 2025/00

Achieving carbon neutrality in Japan in 2050, hydrogen is expected to be used as an alternative to fossil fuels in the hard-to-abate sectors. In steelmaking, hydrogen-based reduction process has been developed as a substitute for the conventional blast furnace steelmaking process, which involves the reduction of iron ore by coke. In chemical industry, a novel olefin production process has been developed using hydrogen and CO, through methanol as an intermediate chemical. A large amount of hydrogen is required for these novel processes. Nuclear energy is well-suited to large-scale low-carbon hydrogen production. High temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) is a type of nuclear reactor featuring extraction of high temperature heat. The heat can be applicable to hydrogen production. This study predicts hydrogen demand in five industrial complexes in Japan in 2050 and estimates the potential for introducing HTGR to meet the demand. The introduction of HTGR could be a promising solution for decarbonizing industrial complexes due to their large-scale hydrogen supply capacity.

Assessment of caesium-137 detections at CTBTO radionuclide monitoring stations in East Asia and their relationship to Asian dust dispersion

Furuno, Akiko; Omori, Ryuta*; Tateoka, Hisanori*; Minakawa, Yuya*; Kurihara, Toshiyuki; Yamamoto, Yoichi; Tomita, Yutaka

Pure and Applied Geophysics, 14 Pages, 2024/00

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03620-y

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) Okinawa radionuclide monitoring station (JPP37) is located on a hill facing the East China Sea at the center of the main island of Okinawa. It occasionally detects Cs-137, although no nuclear facilities are located on the island. This study focused on the detection of Cs-137 at JPP37 and examined the ratio of simultaneous detections at nearby stations of the International Monitoring System (IMS) of the CTBTO and the relationship with Asian dust from inland East Asia. The detection of Cs-137 in JPP37 from 2020 to 2023, which motivated this study, was high in spring. Among the nine IMS radionuclide stations in East Asia, the detections in Beijing, Lanzhou, and Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, were also high in spring. This suggested a high association with the detection of Asian dust in East Asia. Thus, we confirmed the detection of Cs-137 at nine nearby IMS stations when Asian dust was observed at any of the sites in Japan. In addition, we observed that the detection rates were high in Takasaki, Beijing, Lanzhou, and Ulaanbaatar. It can be inferred that the Cs-137 observed mainly in spring at the IMS particulate radionuclide stations in the East Asian region around Japan were likely to pick up the effects of global fallout conveyed by Asian dust. Thereafter, we conducted a preliminary source estimation analysis for Asian dust arrival near Japan. Atmospheric dispersion simulations explained the detection of Cs-137 at nearby IMS particulate radionuclide stations, assuming that Cs-137 was emitted from the desert, the source of the Asian dust.

Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Tohoku University*

JAEA-Review 2022-065, 111 Pages, 2023/03

JAEA-Review-2022-065.pdf:6.8MB

The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted from FY2018 to FY2021. Since the final year of this proposal was FY2021, the results for four fiscal years were summarized. The present study aims to develop a novel alpha-ray camera consisting of imaging and an energy spectrometer to find the alpha dust to reduce the risk of health damage in decommissioning. We have developed the camera with a position resolution of less than 10 m, and the measurement test for the energy spectra was operated using several alpha-ray sources with an unfolding method.

Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Tohoku University*

JAEA-Review 2021-044, 58 Pages, 2022/01

JAEA-Review-2021-044.pdf:3.53MB

The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted in FY2020. The present study aims to develop a novel alpha-ray camera consisting of imaging and an energy spectrometer to find the alpha dust to reduce the risk of health damage in Decommissioning. We have developed the camera in FY2020, and the measurement test for the energy spectra. Moreover, the imaging test has been operated. In addition, we have also developed a high-dose-rate monitor system using novel scintillators with red/infra-red emission.

Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust (Contract research); FY2019 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Tohoku University*

JAEA-Review 2020-039, 59 Pages, 2021/01

JAEA-Review-2020-039.pdf:4.18MB

The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2019. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of high-resolution imaging camera for alpha dust" conducted in FY2019. We have developed an imaging camera with a position resolution of less than approximately 10 m to monitor alpha dust in the nuclear plant during the decommissioning process, because the operators avoid to drawing in such dusts. Moreover, we have developed real-time monitor system with optical fiber and scintillator under high dose-rate condition.

The Data-base of the radiation monitoring in Fukushima based on the comprehensive radiation monitoring plan

Abe, Tomohisa; Ogiya, Takashi*; Shibata, Katsuya*; Hanawa, Tatsuaki*; Sanada, Yukihisa

JAEA-Data/Code 2020-004, 280 Pages, 2020/08

JAEA-Data-Code-2020-004.pdf:3.91MB

After the accidents at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency has carried on survey for distribution situation of radiation materials under the direction of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (later the Nuclear Regulatory Agency) from June 2011 to FY2019. This report is mainly summarized as data-base of air dose rate, integrated dose and radionuclide concentration of some types of environmental sample (airborne dust, soil, pine needles) in the radiation monitoring in Fukushima Prefecture (20 km far from FDNPS). The results of radiation monitoring were analyzed for temporal change at each measurement site under the unification format. Furthermore, the effective half-life and the dispersion at each location and sample were evaluated based on these big data.

Utilization of intense neutron beams from basic research through industrial application

Fujii, Yasuhiko

Genshiryoku eye, 51(9), p.18 - 19, 2005/09

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/40006874925

no abstracts in English

Challenging neutron industrial application

Fujii, Yasuhiko

Hoshasen To Sangyo, (107), p.2 - 3, 2005/09

no abstracts in English

JAERI 10kW high power ERL-FEL and its applications in nuclear energy industries

Minehara, Eisuke; Hajima, Ryoichi; Iijima, Hokuto; Kikuzawa, Nobuhiro; Nagai, Ryoji; Nishimori, Nobuyuki; Nishitani, Tomohiro; Sawamura, Masaru; Yamauchi, Toshihiko

Proceedings of 27th International Free Electron Laser Conference (FEL 2005) (CD-ROM), p.305 - 308, 2005/00

The JAERI high power ERL-FEL has been extended to the more powerful and efficient free-electron laser (FEL) than 10kW for nuclear energy industries, and other heavy industries like defense, shipbuilding, chemical industries, environmental sciences, space-debris, and power beaming and so on. In order to realize such a tunable, highly-efficient, high average power, high peak power and ultra-short pulse FEL, we need the efficient and powerful FEL driven by the JAERI compact, stand-alone and zero boil-off super-conducting RF linac with an energy-recovery geometry. Our discussions on the ERL-FEL will cover the current status of the 10kW upgrading and its applications of non-thermal peeling, cutting, and drilling to decommission the nuclear power plants, and to demonstrate successfully the proof of principle prevention of cold-worked stress-corrosion cracking failures in nuclear power reactors under routine operation using small cubic low-Carbon stainless steel samples.

Particle simulation study of dust particle dynamics in sheaths

Smirnov, R.*; Tomita, Yukihiro*; Takizuka, Tomonori; Takayama, Arimichi*; Chutov, Y.*

Contributions to Plasma Physics, 44(1-3), p.150 - 156, 2004/04

https://doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.200410020

Dynamics of dust particles in a divertor plasma is simulated using numerical solutions of dust momentum and charging equations in an electrostatic sheath and an ionizing presheath. Spatial distribution of plasma parameters in a divertor are obtained with particle simulations including ionization by electron-impact. We found that dust particles with a larger radius are incapable to come off a divertor plate. Middle-size dust particles come off the plate but come back to the plate. Smaller dust particles come off the plate and reach an equilibrium position in the divertor plasma.