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廃炉環境国際共同研究センター; 福井大学*
JAEA-Review 2025-007, 120 Pages, 2025/09
JAEA-Review-2025-007.pdf:8.13MB
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和5年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という。)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、令和3年度に採択された研究課題のうち、「燃料デブリ周辺物質の分析結果に基づく模擬デブリの合成による実機デブリ形成メカニズムの解明と事故進展解析結果の検証によるデブリ特性データベースの高度化」の令和3年度から令和5年度の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究では、酸化物デブリの形成条件の推定研究として、ガス浮遊法や微小な穴を持つタングステンパイプから溶融・噴出させる方法によりウランを含有する模擬燃料粒子を合成し、その生成条件と性状をまとめた。また、JAEAによりサンプリングデータに基づき作成された凝固パス図を再現し、鉄の挙動が熱力学予測と少し異なる結果などを得た。金属デブリの混合・溶融・凝固状態の評価では、溶融させた金属デブリのステンレスへの落下試験や溶融ステンレスの模擬金属デブリへの落下試験を行いその生成物を分析した。その結果ステンレス鋼温度が1000
C程度の場合は溶融金属のZr濃度に関わらず薄い反応相を形成してステンレス鋼損傷が抑制されることがわかり、またB
C及びジルカロイのステンレス鋼融体への溶出速度を定量化した。さらに、ステンレス鋼とZrの混合物の各種圧力容器部材や溶接部材との反応速度データを拡充し、大型試験体系での解析可能な簡素化反応速度式を提案した。また、圧力容器下部の材質を参照した大型試験体の実験と反応速度式より、溶融金属と圧力容器構造材との反応による圧力容器下部破損挙動や溶融物流出挙動を評価した。さらに、圧力容器下部におけるデブリ再溶融過程でのウラン化合物とステンレス鋼等の金属物質の反応試験データを拡充し、金属デブリ層へのウラン移行挙動を評価した。また、試験技術の整備として、二酸化ウランとZrと金属との半溶融模擬デブリの合成と分析、CCIM炉とガス浮遊炉を用いた少量のウランの模擬燃料デブリ合成試験の検討を行った。
伊東 達矢; 小川 祐平*; Gong, W.; Mao, W.*; 川崎 卓郎; 岡田 和歩*; 柴田 曉伸*; Harjo, S.
波紋, 35(3), p.129 - 133, 2025/08
Recent studies have shown that the addition of hydrogen to SUS310S stainless steel (Fe-24Cr-19Ni, mass%) simultaneously enhances both strength and ductility, indicating a phenomenon contrary to the conventional understanding of hydrogen embrittlement. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism through 
neutron diffraction experiments during tensile deformation using TAKUMI at the MLF of J-PARC. The results revealed that solid-solution strengthening by hydrogen plays the most significant role in improving the mechanical properties. Solute hydrogen atoms distort the lattice to suppress dislocation motion, thereby increasing the strength. The raised stress in the hydrogen charged sample enables the onset of deformation twinning at a smaller strain compared to the non-hydrogen charged sample. Consequently, the twinning-induced plasticity effect contributes more significantly to work hardening and the improvement of uniform elongation due to the solid-solution strengthening by hydrogen. These findings suggest a new pathway for the effective utilization of hydrogen in austenitic steels.
Park, M.-H.*; 柴田 曉伸*; Harjo, S.; 辻 伸泰*
Acta Materialia, 292, p.121061_1 - 121061_13, 2025/06
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：98.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Dual-phase (DP) steel, composed of soft ferrite and hard martensite, offers excellent strength-ductility balance and low cost. This study found that refining the DP microstructure enhanced both yield strength and strain hardening, improving strength and ductility. Digital image correlation (DIC) revealed strain localization in ferrite, but refinement reduced strain differences between ferrite and martensite, suppressing crack initiation. More ferrite/martensite interfaces promoted plasticity in martensite via enhanced deformation constraint. 
neutron diffraction showed martensite bore higher phase stress, which increased with refinement. By combining 
-DIC and neutron data, individual stress-strain curves for ferrite and martensite were constructed for the first time, explaining the strength-ductility synergy through interphase constraint. These findings offer guidance for designing heterostructured materials to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off.
友田 陽*; Harjo, S.; 徐 平光; 諸岡 聡; Gong, W.; Wang, Y.*
Metals, 15(6), p.610_1 - 610_19, 2025/05
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Lattice parameters of product and matrix phases in steels have been measured using in situ X-ray and neutron diffraction during forward and reverse transformations. These parameters are influenced by temperature, transformation-induced internal stresses, alloying element partitioning, crystal defects, and magnetic strains. Disentangling these contributions is essential for understanding lattice behavior. This review explores internal strain (stress) associated with ferrite, pearlite, bainite, martensite, and reverse austenite transformations, emphasizing the distinction between diffusional and displacive mechanisms. It also examines how plastic deformation of austenite affects subsequent bainite or martensite formation. The roles of dislocations and vacancies are identified as critical areas for further research.
neutron diffraction study伊東 達矢; 小川 祐平*; Gong, W.; Mao, W.*; 川崎 卓郎; 岡田 和歩*; 柴田 曉伸*; Harjo, S.
Acta Materialia, 287, p.120767_1 - 120767_16, 2025/04
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：97.13(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Incorporating solute hydrogen into Fe-Cr-Ni-based austenitic stainless steels enhances both strength and ductility, providing a promising solution to hydrogen embrittlement by causing solid-solution strengthening and assisting deformation twinning. However, its impacts on the relevant lattice defects evolution (
, dislocations, stacking faults, and twins) during deformation remains unclear. This study compared the tensile deformation behavior in an Fe-24Cr-19Ni (mass%) austenitic steel with 7600 atom ppm hydrogen-charged (H-charged) and without hydrogen-charged (non-charged) using neutron diffraction. Hydrogen effects on the lattice expansion, solid-solution strengthening, stacking fault probability, stacking fault energy, dislocation density, and strain/stress for twin evolution were quantitatively evaluated to link them with the macroscale mechanical properties. The H-charged sample showed improvements in yield stress, flow stress, and uniform elongation, consistent with earlier findings. However, solute hydrogen exhibited minimal influences on the evolution of dislocation and stacking fault. This fact contradicts the previous reports on hydrogen-enhanced dislocation and stacking fault evolutions, the latter of which can be responsible for the enhancement of twinning. The strain for twin evolution was smaller in the H-charged sample compared to the non-charged one. Nevertheless, when evaluated as the onset stress for twin evolution, there was minimal change between the two samples. These findings suggest that the increase in flow stress due to the solid-solution strengthening by hydrogen is a root cause of accelerated deformation twinning at a smaller strain, leading to an enhanced work-hardening rate and improved uniform elongation.
林崎 康平; 廣岡 瞬; 山田 忠久*; 砂押 剛雄*; 村上 龍敏; 齋藤 浩介
Ceramics (Internet), 8(1), p.24_1 - 24_12, 2025/03
Zirconolite is a wasteform that can immobilize Pu. Herein, zirconolites comprising Ce as a Pu simulant and Al as a charge compensator of Ce/Pu were synthesized by sintering raw CaO, ZrO
, TiO, CeO, and AlO
powder mixtures at 1400C in static air. The reduction behavior and phase transformation of zirconolites during their heat treatment in an Ar-H gas flow were investigated. All zirconolite compositions first underwent reduction at 
1050C by forming a small domain of perovskite phase. Ce-Al co-doped zirconolite showed a smaller fraction of phase transformation in perovskite than Ce-doped zirconolite, indicating the advantage of using a charge compensator to prevent perovskite formation.
北條 智彦*; 小山 元道*; 熊井 麦弥*; Zhou, Y.*; 柴山 由樹; 城 鮎美*; 菖蒲 敬久; 齋藤 寛之*; 味戸 沙耶*; 秋山 英二*
ISIJ International, 65(2), p.284 - 296, 2025/02
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)Stress and plastic strain distributions and those partitioning behaviors of ferrite and retained austenite were investigated in the medium manganese (Mn) and the transformation-induced plasticity-aided bainitic ferrite (TBF) steels, and the martensitic transformation behaviors of retained austenite during Luders elongation and work hardening were analyzed using synchrotron X-ray diffraction at SPring-8. The stress and plastic strain of retained austenite and volume fraction of retained austenite were remarkably changed during Luders deformation in the medium Mn steel, implying that the medium Mn steel possessed inhomogeneous deformation at the parallel part of the tensile specimen. On the other hand, the distributions of the stress, plastic strain and volume fraction of retained austenite were homogeneous and the homogeneous deformation occurred at the parallel part of the tensile specimen at the plastic deformation regime with work hardening in the medium Mn and TBF steels. The martensitic transformation of retained austenite at uders deformation in the medium Mn steel was possessed owing to the application of high stress and preferential deformation at retained austenite, resulting in a significant increase in the plastic deformation and reduction of stress in the retained austenite. The martensitic transformation of retained austenite at the plastic deformation regime with work hardening was induced by the high dislocation density and newly applied plastic deformation in retained austenite in the medium Mn steel whereas the TBF steel possessed gradual transformation of retained austenite which is applied high tensile stress and moderate plastic deformation.
伊東 達矢; Xu, S.*; Xu, X.*; 大森 俊洋*; 貝沼 亮介*
Shape Memory and Superelasticity, 9 Pages, 2025/00
The microstructure, crystal structures, cold workability, and martensitic transformation temperatures of several Cu
Mn
Al
(40 
55; 10 
13; at%) alloys were analyzed. For the first time, martensitic transformation was revealed Mn-rich Cu-Mn-Al alloys. The surface relief of the martensite phase reversibly appeared and disappeared during cooling and heating, along with small thermal hysteresis, implying a thermoelastic transformation. The crystal structures of the parent and martensite phases are B2 and 2M(BCT), respectively, with c
Mn
Al
(at%) sample. This alloy demonstrates moderate cold workability and cost-effectiveness, exhibiting potential as an alternative for conventional shape memory alloys in various applications.
neutron diffractionNaeem, M.*; Ma, Y.*; Knowles, A. J.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; Wang, X.-L.*; Romero Resendiz, L.*; 他6名*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 916, p.147374_1 - 147374_8, 2024/11
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：61.30(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Heterostructured materials (HSMs) improve the strength-ductility trade-off of alloys, but their cryogenic performance under real-time deformation is unclear. We studied heterostructured CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy via neutron diffraction at 77 K and 293 K. A significant mechanical mismatch between fine and coarse grains led to an exceptional yield strength of 918 MPa at 293 K, increasing to 1244 MPa at 77 K with a uniform elongation of 34%. This strength-ductility synergy at 77 K is attributed to high dislocation pile-up density, increased planar faults, and martensitic transformation. Compared to homogeneous alloys, HSMs show promise for enhancing cryogenic mechanical performance in medium-/high-entropy alloys.
柴山 由樹; 北條 智彦*; 小山 元道*; 秋山 英二*
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 88, p.1010 - 1016, 2024/10
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：55.47(Chemistry, Physical)The effect of plastic deformation on the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of high-strength martensitic steels was investigated using a U-bend test. The hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility appeared to be enhanced with increasing plastic strain. Based on fractographic and stress-strain analyses, the maximum principal stress dominated the hydrogen embrittlement fracture. Although the apparent enhancement with increasing plastic deformation was observed, the origin of the enhancement was increased residual stress arising from the evolution of graded plastic strain during U-bending. We conclude that residual stress rather than plastic strain induced by plastic deformation strongly affects hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility in deformed high-strength steel components.
竹田 武司; 柴田 大受
JAEA-Review 2024-040, 29 Pages, 2024/09
JAEA-Review-2024-040.pdf:1.33MB
日本の第6次エネルギー基本計画では、2050年までのカーボンニュートラルを目指したエネルギー政策の道筋を示すことが重要なテーマとなっている。2030年に向けた日本の原子力研究開発(R&D)への政策対応には、国際連携による2030年までの小型モジュール炉(SMR)技術の実証が盛り込まれている。これを踏まえ、脱炭素化と経済成長を同時に達成するGreen Transformation (GX)の実現に向けて、今後10年を見据えた取組の基本方針が取りまとめられた。海外に目を向けると、米国、カナダ、欧州、中国、ロシアを中心に、重工メーカーやR&D機関のみならずベンチャー企業も含めて、国際的にSMRのR&D活動が活発である。このような状況下で、原子力機関(NEA)の原子力施設安全委員会(CSNI)は、SMRの安全性への影響評価を支援するために、SMRに関する専門家グループ(EGSMR)を招集した。EGSMRの取組として、SMRの導入や研究活動に関する最新情報の収集を主目的とした数回にわたるアンケートへの回答の提出が求められた。これに対して、筆頭著者から、JAEAに加えて日立GEニュークリア・エナジー株式会社、三菱重工業株式会社からの情報に基づき回答した。アンケートに対する日本の回答の多くは、CSNI Technical Opinion Paper No.21 (TOP-21)のベースとなる情報である。本報告書では、整理した公開可能な日本のアンケート回答と付加情報を示し、TOP-21の記載内容の一部を補完した。これにより、EGSMRの活動(2022-2023年)を中心とした日本におけるSMRに関するR&Dの調査結果をまとめた。本報告書は、SMRに関する今後の国際協力の議論や国内外の原子力分野の人材育成に役立てることを目的としている。この中で、日本の革新炉のR&Dの主なトピックスとして、高温ガス炉(HTGR)とナトリウム冷却高速炉(SFR)に関して、実用化に必要な技術と現状のギャップを同定している。また、HTGRと水素製造施設の相互接続に関連して、水素製造施設からの可燃性ガスの漏洩と異常発生が安全性に与える影響等について整理している。
廃炉環境国際共同研究センター; 福井大学*
JAEA-Review 2024-014, 112 Pages, 2024/08
JAEA-Review-2024-014.pdf:8.22MB
日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和4年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、様々な分野の知見や経験を、従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究及び人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、令和3年度に採択された研究課題のうち、「燃料デブリ周辺物質の分析結果に基づく模擬デブリの合成による実機デブリ形成メカニズムの解明と事故進展解析結果の検証によるデブリ特性データベースの高度化」の令和4年度分の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。酸化物デブリの逆解析では、ガス浮遊法や微小な穴を持つタングステンパイプから溶融・噴出させる方法により模擬燃料粒子の合成に成功した。さらに、サンプリングデータに基づき作成されたU1-No.15試料の凝固パス図を再現し、鉄の挙動が熱力学予測と少し異なる結果を得た。金属デブリの混合・溶融・凝固状態の評価では、溶融させた金属デブリのステンレスへの落下試験や溶融ステンレスを模擬金属デブリへの落下試験より、それぞれ溶融反応が低下するメカニズムを明らかにした。さらにステンレス鋼とジルコニウム混合物の各種圧力容器部材や溶接部材との反応速度データに基づく大型試験体系での解析可能な簡素化モデルを提示、また圧力容器下部の材質を参照した大型試験体の実験より酸化物が圧力容器破損に与える影響を評価、さらに炉心部から先行して溶融・移行したステンレス鋼等の金属物質の再溶融過程におけるウラン混入条件の評価を行った。また、試験技術の整備として、二酸化ウランとジルコニウムと金属との半溶融模擬デブリの合成、少量のウランを用いる模擬燃料デブリ合成に最適な加熱炉の検討を行った。
井上 倫太郎*; 長田 裕也*; 富永 大輝*; 佐藤 宗太*; 川北 至信; 山脇 大昇*; 守島 健*; 杉野目 道紀*; 杉山 正明*
Journal of Chemical Physics, 161(5), p.054905_1 - 054905_8, 2024/08
The side chain dynamics of poly(quinoxaline-2,3-diyl)s (PQXs) are expected to influence their conformation. To investigate these dynamics experimentally, quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) was performed for PQXs in deuterated tetrahydrofuran (THF-
) and deuterated 1,1,2-trichloroethane/THF (1,1,2-TCE-/THF-), in which they formed right-handed and left-handed helical structures, respectively. The mean-square displacement of the PQX side chains in 1,1,2-TCE-/THF- was lower than that in THF-. Furthermore, QENS complementary studies and molecular dynamics simulations unraveled a coupling between the main-chain and side chain dynamics of PQXs, suggesting the possibility of controlling the main-chain helical chirality through the dynamics of chiral side chains. These insights present a novel strategy for the design of synthetic helical macromolecules with precise chirality control.
渡邊 未来*; 宮本 吾郎*; Zhang, Y.*; 諸岡 聡; Harjo, S.; 小林 康浩*; 古原 忠*
ISIJ International, 64(9), p.1464 - 1476, 2024/07
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：61.30(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)The mechanical properties of TRIP steels depend on heterogeneities of chemical composition and grain size in the retained 
structure, although these heterogeneities have not been characterized in detail. Therefore, in this study, we quantitatively investigate the inhomogeneous carbon concentration and grain size distribution, and its effects on the thermal stability of the retained in Fe-2Mn-1.5Si-0.4C (mass%) TRIP steel using FE-EPMA, EBSD, M
ssbauer spectroscopy, and in-situ neutron diffraction during bainitic transformation at 673 K. In-situ neutron diffraction experiments detects high-carbon evolving during bainite transformation, in addition to the original , and the time variation of the volume fraction of highcarbon agrees well with the fraction of retained at room temperature. Williamson-Hall analysis based on peak width suggests that heterogeneity of carbon content exists even within the high-carbon . Compositional analysis using FE-EPMA and three-dimensional atom probe directly revealed that fine filmy was highly enriched with carbon compared to larger blocky , and the carbon content in blocky decreases with increasing blocky size. DICTRA simulation qualitatively reproduces the size dependency of carbon enrichment into . It was also found that tends to be retained at higher carbon content and smaller grain size since the smaller grain size directly improves thermal stability and the smaller size further contributes to the thermal stability via enhanced carbon enrichment.
Li, L.*; 宮本 吾郎*; Zhang, Y.*; Li, M.*; 諸岡 聡; 及川 勝成*; 友田 陽*; 古原 忠*
Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 184, p.221 - 234, 2024/06
被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：61.06(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Dynamic transformation (DT) of austenite () to ferrite (
) in the hot deformation of various carbon steels was widely investigated. However, the nature of DT remains unclear due to the lack of quantitative analysis of stress partitioning between two phases and the uncertainty of local distribution of substitutional elements at the interface in multi-component carbon steels used in the previous studies. Therefore, in the present study, a binary Fe-Ni alloy with + duplex microstructure in equilibrium was prepared and isothermally compressed in + two-phase region to achieve quantitative analysis of microstructure evolution, stress partitioning and thermodynamics during DT. to DT during isothermal compression and to reverse transformation on isothermal annealing under unloaded condition after deformation were accompanied by Ni partitioning. The lattice strains during thermomechanical processing were obtained via in-situ neutron diffraction measurement, based on which the stress partitioning behavior between and was discussed by using the generalized Hooke's law. A thermodynamic framework for the isothermal deformation in solids was established based on the basic laws of thermodynamics, and it was shown that the total Helmholtz free energy change in the deformable material during the isothermal process should be smaller than the work done to the deformable material. Under the present thermodynamic framework, the microstructure evolution in the isothermal compression of Fe-14Ni alloy was well explained by considering the changes in chemical free energy, plastic and elastic energies and the work done to the material. In addition, the stabilization of the soft phase in Fe-14Ni alloy by deformation was rationalized since the to transformation decreased the total Helmholtz free energy by decreasing the elastic and dislocation energies.
Li, X.*; Zhu, R.*; Xin, J.*; Luo, M.*; Shang, S.-L.*; Liu, Z.-K.*; Yin, C.*; 舟越 賢一*; Dippenaar, R. J.*; 肥後 祐司*; et al.
CALPHAD; Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry, 84, p.102641_1 - 102641_6, 2024/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Thermodynamics)The phase transformations and pressure-volume dependencies of the Ti-45Al alloy with respect to pressure have been investigated by means of in-situ observation using multi anvil-type high-pressure devices and synchrotron radiation. Under hydrostatic compression from 0 to 10.1 GPa, about 2.3 vol. % of transforms continuously to 2. Lattice parameters as well as volume fractions of these two phases have been determined as a function of pressure. Bulk moduli estimated using Birch-Murnaghan's equation of state are 148 GPa for the phase, 138 GPa for the 2 phase, and 149 GPa for their two-phase mixture of Ti-45Al alloy. First-principles have also applied to investigate bulk moduli of two single phases, and the deviation between calculations and measurements is discussed and attributed to mainly phase transformation. The presently study provides useful insights into thermodynamics of 2 and phases under high pressure.
成川 隆文; 宇田川 豊
Transactions of the 27th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT 27) (Internet), 10 Pages, 2024/03
Information criteria such as a widely applicable information criterion (WAIC) and a widely applicable Bayesian information criterion (WBIC) enable the selection of models with high predictive accuracy and data fit, yet these criteria come with inherent uncertainties as they are statistical measures. To evaluate the uncertainty in model selection based on these information criteria, we performed numerical experiments using the bootstrap method, which is a resampling technique, on models for estimating the fracture probability of fuel cladding tubes during loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs). By calculating WAIC and WBIC for each of 10,000 bootstrap samples, we evaluated the dependency of model selection on these samples. Our key findings reveal that: (1) Sample-derived variation in information criteria was significantly greater than variability between models, underscoring the importance of assessing uncertainty from samples. (2) The Log-probit model, developed in our previous study, was selected as the optimal model for its superior predictive performance and data fit, despite the inherent uncertainties associated with WAIC and WBIC. (3) The presence of outliers at the fracture/non-fracture boundary of fuel cladding tubes may negatively impact the information criteria, suggesting the need for careful consideration when including such data in model parameter estimation.
興津 貴隆*; 北條 智彦*; 諸岡 聡; 宮本 吾郎*
鉄と鋼, 110(3), p.260 - 267, 2024/02
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)We have investigated the dynamic tensile properties of 4, 5, 6-mass%-Mn-containing low carbon steels with multi-phase microstructures containing retained austenite. The five materials used were classified into two groups. The first group of materials, with around 10% of retained austenite, showed normal strain rete dependence of yield strength (YS) and tensile strength (TS) as in conventional high strength steels. The second group of materials, containing 25-36% of retained austenite, exhibited L
ders elongation showed also normal strain rate dependence in YS and flow stress at Lders deformation, but TS varied in a complex manner. Among the second group, in the 4 Mn steel, TS was nearly constant at strain rates below 1 s
but increased slightly at higher strain rates. In the 5 and 6 Mn steels, TS once decreased up to the strain rate of 1 or 10 s, and then began to increase at higher strain rates. These behaviors were discussed in terms of temperature rise during plastic deformation causing suppression of martensitic transformation, and thermal stability of retained austenite. In the 4 Mn steel with relatively unstable retained austenite, almost all the austenite transforms regardless of strain rate. In the 5 and 6 Mn steels, where the retained austenite is moderately stable, strain induced transformation of austenite continues up to high plastic strain, providing a good balance of strength and ductility. At high strain rate, TS decreases slightly due to temperature rise, but at higher strain rates than 1 s, the strain rate sensitivity of flow stress in ferrite become prominent and the flow stress increases.
neutron diffractionZhou, Y.*; Song, W.*; Zhang, F.*; Wu, Y.*; Lei, Z.*; Jiao, M.*; Zhang, X.*; Dong, J.*; Zhang, Y.*; Yang, M.*; et al.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 971, p.172635_1 - 172635_7, 2024/01
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：27.13(Chemistry, Physical)The grain orientation-dependent lattice strain evolution of a (TiZrHfNb)
refractory high-entropy alloy (HEA) during tensile loading has been investigated using neutron diffraction. The equivalent strain-hardening rate of each of the primary 
-oriented grain families was found to be relatively low, manifesting the macroscopically weak work-hardening ability of such a body-centered cubic (BCC)-structured HEA. This finding is indicative of a dislocation planar slip mode that is confined in a few single-slip planes and leads to in-plane softening by high pile-up stresses.
Cubiss, J. G.*; Andreyev, A. N.; 他49名*
Physical Review Letters, 131(20), p.202501_1 - 202501_8, 2023/11
被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：88.50(Physics, Multidisciplinary)The changes in mean-squared charge radii of neutron-deficient gold nuclei have been determined using the in-source, resonance-ionization laser spectroscopy technique, at the ISOLDE facility (CERN). From these new data, nuclear deformations are inferred, revealing a competition between deformed and spherical configurations. The isotopes 
Au are observed to possess well-deformed ground states and, when moving to lighter masses, a sudden transition to near-spherical shapes is seen in the extremely neutron deficient nuclides, 
Au. A case of shape coexistence and shape staggering is identified in 
Au which has a ground and isomeric state with different deformations. These new data reveal a pattern in ground-state deformation unique to the gold isotopes, whereby, when moving from the heavy to light masses, a plateau of well-deformed isotopes exists around the neutron midshell, flanked by near-spherical shapes in the heavier and lighter isotopes-a trend hitherto unseen elsewhere in the nuclear chart. The experimental charge radii are compared to those from Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations using the D1M Gogny interaction and configuration mixing between states of different deformation. The calculations are constrained by the known spins, parities, and magnetic moments of the ground states in gold nuclei and show a good agreement with the experimental results.
