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Zhu, L.*; Dong, W.*; Naeem, M.*; Kong, H.*; Hu, C.*; Fan, Z.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; Lan, S.*; Wu, Y.*; et al.
Acta Materialia, 303, p.121734_1 - 121734_10, 2026/01
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：56.20(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Body-centered cubic (BCC) metals typically exhibit high yield strength but limited work hardening and uniform elongation, especially at low temperatures. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) offer opportunities to overcome these limitations, though their deformation mechanisms remain unclear. Using in situ neutron diffraction and microstructural analysis, this study identifies the origin of the exceptionally large uniform elongation at liquid nitrogen temperature in a single-phase BCC (TiZrHf)
Al
Nb
HEA. Initial plastic deformation is governed by a BCC-to-orthorhombic (
") transformation, followed by " twinning and deformation-induced amorphization at later stages. The cooperation of these mechanisms suppresses work softening from dislocation plasticity, enabling high yield strength with large uniform elongation and providing a viable strategy for designing cryogenic structural materials.
and L1 phase in deformation behaviors of additively manufactured FeCrNiAlTi alloyWang, X.*; Wang, Y.*; Gong, W.; Wu, W.*; Zhang, Y.*; Harjo, S.; Yang, Z.*; Chen, H.*
International Journal of Plasticity, 195, p.104502_1 - 104502_16, 2025/12
被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：92.14(Engineering, Mechanical)Precipitation hardening strengthens FCC alloys but often reduces ductility. This study shows that precipitates can also modify deformation behavior to mitigate this trade-off. An FeCrNiAlTi FCC alloy fabricated by laser additive manufacturing contains incoherent L2 precipitates at cell walls and coherent L1 precipitates within cells. By controlling precipitation, an excellent strength-ductility balance was achieved at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures. High-density precipitates provide strengthening while promoting deformation-induced stacking faults and twinning, thereby enhancing work hardening via strain heterogeneity. In situ neutron diffraction indicates that post-yield lattice strain governs stacking fault and twin formation. Simulations show that interfacial misfit of the L2 phase and the size and spacing of the L1 phase amplify local strain.
Jeong, S. G.*; Kwon, J.*; Kim, E. S.*; Prasad, K.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Estrin, Y.*; Bouaziz, O.*; Hong, S. I.*; et al.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 942, p.148712_1 - 148712_11, 2025/10
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：41.88(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)The cellular structure plays a key role in determining the mechanical properties of metal additive manufacturing (MAM) components. This study presents in situ neutron diffraction and dislocation density-based modeling for a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) made via directed energy deposition (DED). A constitutive model based on the Kocks-Mecking-Estrin framework was used to represent the cellular structure. Parametric analysis showed lower dislocation accumulation and annihilation rates in the as-built sample (with cellular structure) than in the heat-treated one. These differences are linked to dislocation forest networks and local stacking fault energy variations. Dislocation density across cell interiors and walls was also compared with deformation-induced dislocation cells.
Gu, G. H.*; Ha, H.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; Louzguine-Luzgin, D. V.*; Kim, H. S.*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 943, p.148818_1 - 148818_10, 2025/10
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：56.20(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)High-strength structural alloys are essential for advanced engineering. This study explores the mechanical behavior of a dual-phase AlCoNiV medium-entropy alloy (MEA) with FCC and BCC phases. The alloy shows excellent performance, with a yield strength of 1148 MPa, tensile strength of 1556 MPa, and 40% uniform elongation. In-situ neutron diffraction and EBSD analyses reveal that strength originates from the intrinsic responses of both phases. The BCC phase carries more load, while dislocation buildup at phase boundaries enhances strength via hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening. Synergistic effects, including stress partitioning and load redistribution, further improve mechanical performance. These findings highlight the role of phase-specific properties and interphase interactions in alloy robustness and offer insights for microstructural optimization.
neutron diffractionNaeem, M.*; Ma, Y.*; Knowles, A. J.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; Wang, X.-L.*; Romero Resendiz, L.*; 他6名*
Materials Science & Engineering A, 916, p.147374_1 - 147374_8, 2024/11
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：44.40(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Heterostructured materials (HSMs) improve the strength-ductility trade-off of alloys, but their cryogenic performance under real-time deformation is unclear. We studied heterostructured CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy via neutron diffraction at 77 K and 293 K. A significant mechanical mismatch between fine and coarse grains led to an exceptional yield strength of 918 MPa at 293 K, increasing to 1244 MPa at 77 K with a uniform elongation of 34%. This strength-ductility synergy at 77 K is attributed to high dislocation pile-up density, increased planar faults, and martensitic transformation. Compared to homogeneous alloys, HSMs show promise for enhancing cryogenic mechanical performance in medium-/high-entropy alloys.
Zhu, L.*; He, H.*; Naeem, M.*; Sun, X.*; Qi, J.*; Liu, P.*; Harjo, S.; 中島 健次; Li, B.*; Wang, X.-L.*
Physical Review Letters, 133(12), p.126701_1 - 126701_6, 2024/09
被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：84.34(Physics, Multidisciplinary)It has long been suspected that magnetism could play a vital role in the phase stability of multi- component high-entropy alloys. However, the nature of the magnetic order, if any, has remained elusive. Here, by using elastic and inelastic neutron scattering, we demonstrate evidence of antiferromagnetic order below 
80 K and strong spin fluctuations persisting to room temperature in a single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc) CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy. Despite the chemical complexity, the magnetic structure in CrMnFeCoNi can be described as 
-Mn-like, with the magnetic moments confined in alternating (001) planes and pointing toward the 
111
direction. Combined with first-principles calculation results, it is shown that the antiferromagnetic order and spin fluctuations help stabilized the fcc phase in CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.
Ying, H.*; Yang, X.*; He, H.*; Yan, A.*; An, K.*; Ke, Y.*; Wu, Z.*; Tang, S.*; Zhang, Z.*; Dong, H.*; et al.
Scripta Materialia, 250, p.116181_1 - 116181_7, 2024/09
被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：79.41(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Nanoscale chemical fluctuations and their effect on the deformation behavior of CrFeCoNi-based high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were investigated using small-angle scattering and in situ neutron diffraction measurements. Small-angle scattering results demonstrated the presence of nano (
10 nm) chemical fluctuations in the as-prepared CrFeCoNiPd HEAs, which was attributed to the negative mixing of enthalpy and the significant atomic radius difference between Pd and the constituent elements in the CrFeCoNi-based alloys. Subsequent tensile tests demonstrated that the yield and tensile strengths of the as-prepared CrFeCoNiPd HEA surpass those of the as-prepared CrMnFeCoNi HEA. Neutron diffraction data analysis revealed an anomalous response of dislocation evolution with the strain.
neutron diffractionZhou, Y.*; Song, W.*; Zhang, F.*; Wu, Y.*; Lei, Z.*; Jiao, M.*; Zhang, X.*; Dong, J.*; Zhang, Y.*; Yang, M.*; et al.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 971, p.172635_1 - 172635_7, 2024/01
被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：42.29(Chemistry, Physical)The grain orientation-dependent lattice strain evolution of a (TiZrHfNb)
refractory high-entropy alloy (HEA) during tensile loading has been investigated using neutron diffraction. The equivalent strain-hardening rate of each of the primary 
-oriented grain families was found to be relatively low, manifesting the macroscopically weak work-hardening ability of such a body-centered cubic (BCC)-structured HEA. This finding is indicative of a dislocation planar slip mode that is confined in a few single-slip planes and leads to in-plane softening by high pile-up stresses.
Harjo, S.
日本結晶学会誌, 65(3), p.178 - 182, 2023/08
Observations of deformation behavior of high entropy alloys using neutron diffraction measurements during deformation at various temperatures are reviewed. Neutrons are used to investigate stresses and crystallographic microstructures inside engineering materials, taking advantage of their large penetrating power and the ability to see the arrangement of atoms by diffraction methods. The important structural details of high entropy alloys such as internal stresses, phase conditions, dislocations, texture etc. are discussed in relation to the deformation conditions. Some highlights are introduced: (a) Cooperative deformation in CrMnFeCoNi alloy at ultralow temperatures, (b) Stacking fault energies in CrFeCoNi and CrCoNi alloys, and (c) Load redistribution in eutectic high entropy alloy AlCoCrFeNi
during high temperature deformation.
Lam, T.-N.*; Chin, H.-H.*; Zhang, X.*; Feng, R.*; Wang, H.*; Chiang, C.-Y.*; Lee, S. Y.*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; Liaw, P. K.*; et al.
Acta Materialia, 245, p.118585_1 - 118585_9, 2023/02
被引用回数：38 パーセンタイル：90.29(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The present study investigates the crystallographic-texture effects on the improved fatigue resistance in the CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with the full-size geometry of the ASTM Standards E647-99. We exploited X-ray nano-diffraction mapping to characterize the crystal-deformation levels ahead of the crack tip after stress unloading under both constant- and tensile overloaded-fatigue conditions. The crack-tip blunting-induced much higher deformation level was concentrated surrounding the crack-tip which delays the fatigue-crack growth immediately after a tensile overload. The predominant deformation texture orientation in the Paris regime was investigated, using electron backscatter diffraction and orientation distribution function analyses. The twinning formation-driven shear deformation gave rise to the development of the Goss-type texture within the plastic deformation regime under a tensile-overloaded-fatigue condition, which was attributed to enhance the crack deflection and thus the tensile induced crack-growth-retardation period in the CoCrFeMnNi HEA.
Lobzenko, I.; 都留 智仁; 他2名*
Computational Materials Science, 219, p.112010_1 - 112010_9, 2023/02
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：38.65(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)To elucidate the origin of excellent mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys (HEA), it is essential to develop the atomic-level depiction of defect structures considering the effects of the constituent elements. While classical molecular dynamics have been one of the most effective tools for understanding the defect structures from the atomic level, there is still a problem with the accuracy of the inter-atomic potential of complicated alloy systems such as HEA. A new technique for building such potentials based on machine learning was recently developed. We employed the technique and constructed highly accurate potentials with good robustness for two BCC medium-entropy alloys: MoNbTa and ZrNbTa. Atomic simulation based on the new potentials indicate significant differences in the fundamental mechanical properties of two alloys, depending on the constituent elements, that dominate deformation behavior.
Naeem, M.*; He, H.*; Zhang, F.*; Huang, H.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Wang, B.*; Lan, S.*; Wu, Z.*; Wang, F.*; et al.
Science Advances (Internet), 6(13), p.eaax4002_1 - eaax4002_8, 2020/03
被引用回数：309 パーセンタイル：99.43(Multidisciplinary Sciences)High-entropy alloys exhibit exceptional mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures, due to the activation of twinning in addition to dislocation slip. The coexistence of multiple deformation pathways raises an important question regarding how individual deformation mechanisms compete or synergize during plastic deformation. Using in situ neutron diffraction, we demonstrate the interaction of a rich variety of deformation mechanisms in high-entropy alloys at 15 K, which began with dislocation slip, followed by stacking faults and twinning, before transitioning to inhomogeneous deformation by serrations. Quantitative analysis showed that the cooperation of these different deformation mechanisms led to extreme work hardening. The low stacking fault energy plus the stable face-centered cubic structure at ultralow temperatures, enabled by the high-entropy alloying, played a pivotal role bridging dislocation slip and serration.
家田 淳一
no journal, ,
Our research targets solid-state physics stemming from "spin", a quantum of angular momentum, i.e., spintronics, magnonics, gyromagnetics, strongly correlated systems, and topological physics. Exploiting the rectification nature of spin, we theoretically and experimentally pursue the potential of spin toward quantum science innovation that will be the basis of next-generation energy-saving and energy-creating technologies. So far, we have pioneered "spin-hydrodynamic generation" that creates spin current from the vortex of liquid metal to generate electric power, "Barnett magnetometry" that measures the effective magnetic field that material rotation exerts on spin, and "spin Seebeck mechanical force" that causes material twist by spin current. Our theory work covers non-equilibrium magnon phenomena, the topological origins of spin and acoustic waves, the discovery of topological Hall torque, the emergent inductance with negative values, the calculation of spin-nematic quantum transport, and half-integer Shapiro steps in magnetic Josephson junctions. In this talk, I present new trends focusing on rad-hard materials research based on high-entropy alloys as well as "magnetic" microfabrication by swift heavy-ion irradiation on rare-earth iron garnets.
高梨 弘毅
no journal, ,
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted considerable attention, however, most of studies have been conducted using bulk magnets, and the spin-dependent transport in ferromagnetic HEA thin films have not been well investigated. In this study, we focus on FeCoNiCuPd HEAs, which exhibit a Curie temperature higher than room temperature and contain a heavy element (Pd) with relatively large spin-orbit interaction. The thin-film samples with different composition ratios of Cu and Pd under the same amount of FeCoNi, Fe
NiCoCu
Pd
(0
X+Y40), were prepared on thermally oxidized Si substrates at an ambient temperature by an ultrahigh vacuum sputtering system. All the films exhibited ferromagnetic hysteresis curves with soft magnetic behavior at room temperature. The saturation magnetization increased linearly with the Pd concentration, which might be attributed mainly to the induced Pd moment. Anisotropic magnetoresistance effect (AMR) and anomalous Hall effect (AHE) were measured for Hall-bar devices fabricated by conventional photolithography and Ar milling process. The MR ratio and the anomalous Hall conductivity showed a smooth, simple increase with the Pd concentration, suggesting that the spin-orbit interaction of constituent elements plays a significant role on the AMR and the AHE in ferromagnetic HEAs.
Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Naeem, M.*; He, H.*; Wang, X.-L.*
no journal, ,
5元系CrMnFeCoNi高エントロピー合金を77Kで引張変形させると強度増加のみでなく伸びが増加したことが発見されて以来、高エントロピー合金の低温変形挙動に関する研究が重要なトピックスの一つとなった。変形挙動を理解するためには、低温下での機械的特性試験を行うと同時に、内部組織変化も調べて機械的特性変化との関連性の理解が必要である。今までの内部組織観察は、変形試験の前・後において、もしくは、変形試験の途中に中断して、顕微鏡を用いて行われたことは多く、全体の機械的試験の範囲をカバーすることができなかったり、観察領域が狭く試験片全体を代表した情報が得られなかったりすることはしばしばある。J-PARCのTAKUMIは、15Kの温度領域下での変形試験が行える周辺環境装置を完備し、その場中性子回折実験を行うことで、低温下の機械的特性を得ながら回折測定で内部組織変化を同時に調べることができる。得られたCrMnFeCoNi、CrFeCoNi及びCrCoNiの高・中エントロピー合金の低温変形挙動について紹介・比較する。
