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Al superconductors with Ta matrixTakeuchi, Takao*; Tagawa, Kohei*; Noda, Tetsuji*; Banno, Nobuya*; Iijima, Yasuo*; Kikuchi, Akihiro*; Kitaguchi, Hitoshi*; Kosuge, Michio*; Tsuchiya, Kiyosumi*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 16(2), p.1257 - 1260, 2006/06
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：37.07(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)Next generation nuclear fusion magnets would require a high-current conductor in fields more than 16 T. A CIC conductor of the rapid RHQT processed NbAl may be a promising candidate. Good deformability of intermediately-formed bcc supersaturated-solid solution indeed allowed fabricating such a CIC conductor, which would be subsequently transformation annealed. Ag has been internally included as a basic constituent of a round strand so far, because Ag is almost non-reactive with Nb matrix during the RHQ. However, both of Ag and Nb are not suitable nuclei from the viewpoint of radioactivity when irradiated with neutrons. Recently, we have succeeded in replacing the Nb matrix with Ta that has the advantage of shorter half-life of radioactivity. In the present study, an attempt has been made to replace the Ag internal stabilizer with Cu, in the aim of further reducing radioactivity, based on anticipation that Ta would be less reactive with Cu than Nb did.
Al strand and cable-in-conduit conductorKizu, Kaname; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; Shimada, Katsuhiro; Ando, Toshinari*; Hishinuma, Yoshimitsu*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsukawa, Makoto; Miura, Yushi*; Nishimura, Arata*; Okuno, Kiyoshi; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 16(2), p.872 - 875, 2006/06
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：11.85(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)no abstracts in English
Tobita, Kenji; Nishio, Satoshi; Enoeda, Mikio; Sato, Masayasu; Isono, Takaaki; Sakurai, Shinji; Nakamura, Hirofumi; Sato, Satoshi; Suzuki, Satoshi; Ando, Masami; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 81(8-14), p.1151 - 1158, 2006/02
Times Cited Count：124 Percentile：98.97(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
test results of a D-shaped NbAl CICC coil fabricated with a react-and-wind process for the National Centralized TokamakAndo, Toshinari*; Kizu, Kaname; Miura, Yushi*; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; Matsukawa, Makoto; Tamai, Hiroshi; Ishida, Shinichi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Okuno, Kiyoshi
Fusion Engineering and Design, 75-79, p.99 - 103, 2005/11
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：10.27(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Kizu, Kaname; Miura, Yushi*; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; Ando, Toshinari*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro*; Sakasai, Akira; Tamai, Hiroshi; Matsukawa, Makoto; Ishida, Shinichi; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 45(11), p.1302 - 1308, 2005/11
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：14.06(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)no abstracts in English
Al cable-in-conduit conductorKoizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kume, Etsuo; Okuno, Kiyoshi
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 15(2), p.1363 - 1366, 2005/06
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)The NbAl Insert was developed by JAERI aiming at the demonstration of a NbAl conductor to fusion reactor magnets. A quench test was performed on the NbAl Insert at 13 T with various temperature margins, which are defined as a difference between current sharing temperature and operating temperature. The initial normalcy was initiated by using an inductive heater and a coil current was kept for several seconds. The normal zone propagation velocity was accelerated after 3 s from the onset of heating in case that the temperature margin was set at 0.5 K. A simulation using one-dimensional stability and quench simulation code was performed. The calculation results indicate that such rapid propagation occurred due to a temperature rise beyond a current sharing temperature because of a large pressure increase even at the location where the normal front did not reach yet. This large pressure rise was caused since the coolant was contained in the closed circulation circuit of the cooling system, which is usually applied to a large magnet cooling system.
Al superconductors for a fusion demo plantKoizumi, Norikiyo; Takeuchi, Takao*; Okuno, Kiyoshi
Nuclear Fusion, 45(6), p.431 - 438, 2005/06
Times Cited Count：32 Percentile：68.74(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)no abstracts in English
Al superconductors for a fusion demo plantKoizumi, Norikiyo; Takeuchi, Takao*; Okuno, Kiyoshi
Proceedings of 20th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2004) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2004/11
no abstracts in English
Al conductor developed for JT-60SCKizu, Kaname; Miura, Yushi; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Ando, Toshinari*; Hamada, Kazuya; Hara, Eiji*; Imahashi, Koichi*; Ishida, Shinichi; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 14(2), p.1535 - 1538, 2004/06
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：11.49(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)no abstracts in English
Al conductor for toroidal field coilsKoizumi, Norikiyo; Ando, Toshinari*; Nakajima, Hideo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Sugimoto, Makoto; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Kizu, Kaname; Miura, Yushi; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; et al.
Proceedings of 20th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE 2003), p.419 - 422, 2003/10
NbSn cConductors have already been developed for the TF coils operating at 13 T. However, the critical current of NbSn degrades due to a strain, and the amount of degradation becomes larger when the magnetic field increases, which set a limit of the NbSn application to a large coil at around 13 T. NbAl is considered, therefore, to be a next generation superconductor, since the critical current of NbAl is superior to that of NbSn and less sensitive against strains. JAERI has been developing NbAl conductor since 80s. As the first step, mass production technique of NbAl strands was established. In the second step, coil fabrication technique was developed and could successfully be charged to the nominal point of 13 T and 46 kA. From these advantages, JAERI is also promoting R&D activities to develop NbAl TF coils for JT-60SC. The prototype NbAl conductor has already been made. A D-shaped coil was fabricated and successfully tested. These activities constitute the basic approaches to develop TF coils whose operating field is expected to be around 16 T.
Al cable-in-conduit conductorKoizumi, Norikiyo; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Matsui, Kunihiro; Nakajima, Hideo; Ando, Toshinari*; Okuno, Kiyoshi
Superconductor Science and Technology, 16(9), p.1092 - 1096, 2003/09
Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：45.39(Physics, Applied)A 13T-46kA NbAl insert (ALI) has been developed in the ITER-EDA to demonstrate the applicability of react-and-wind technique to TF coil fabrication. Since it is estimated that a conductor is subjected to 0.4% bending strain after heat treatment when the react-and-wind method is applied, 0.4% bending strain was artificially applied to the ALI conductor. Thus, the conductor is subjected to the thermal and bending strains. The strains due to thermal stress and conductor bending are estimated from the critical current test results of the ALI to be 0.4% and 0%, respectively. The thermal strain showed good agreement with the prediction but the axial strain was not applied to the strand by the 0.4% bending. In addition, the evaluated strain of the NbAl conductor is compared with those of NbSn conductors. There was an unexpected strain in the NbSn conductors but the one was not observed in the NbAl conductor. One of the explanations is higher rigidity of the NbAl strand. This shows that an NbAl conductor is suitable to the application to large magnets.
Al insertKoizumi, Norikiyo; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Takayasu, Makoto*; Sugimoto, Makoto; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Oshikiri, Masayuki*; CS Model Coil Test Group
Teion Kogaku, 38(8), p.399 - 409, 2003/08
A NbAl insert was developed to demonstrate the applicability of a NbAl conductor and wind-and-react method to a TF coil of a fusion reactor by artificially applying 0.4% bending strain to the conductor after its heat treatment. The critical current test results show that the effective strains applied to the strands is almost zero. Then, the validity of the react-and-wind method was demonstrated. In addition, while an unexpected strain, which was proportional to electromagnetic force, was observed in the same scale NbSn conductor, such strain did not exist in the NbAl conductor. This shows a NbAl conductor is suitable to the application to large magnets, such as the TF coil. Furthermore, the effect of the current transfer among the strands on the critical current evaluation is studied by developing a numerical analysis code, KORO. The results figure out that the critical current of a large cable-in-conduit conductor can be easily evaluated assuming the uniform current distribution if the conductance among the strands is 10E5 S/m or less.
Matsui, Kunihiro; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; CS Model Coil Test Group
Teion Kogaku, 38(8), p.410 - 416, 2003/08
The test of the ITER Central Solenoid (CS) model coil, CS and NbAl inserts was carried. The AC loss measurement is one of the most important tests to determine coil performance. The coupling losses of CS and NbAl inserts were measured by calorimetric and magnetization methods, respectively. Both coils had coupling losses with many coupling time constant, and induced circulation currents were observed by voltage taps and hall sensors. Coupling losses decreased with exponential decay constants since the electromagnetic force broke weak sinter among the strands. The gap, created between the cable and the conduit by electromagnetic force, is dependent on the pressure drop of the coolant that flows in the conductor. Our analysis shows that the exponential decay constant of coupling losses is dependent on the gap size. If we can evaluate this exponential decay constant and apply the electromagnetic force that corresponds for the exponential decay constant to the conductor before the regular operation, we can use coils of the condition that coupling losses decrease on the operation.
Al cable-in-conduit conductor under electromagnetic force; Relation between pressure drop characteristics and cable stiffnessHamada, Kazuya; Matsui, Kunihiro; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nakajima, Hideo; Kato, Takashi; CS Model Coil Test Group
Teion Kogaku, 38(8), p.417 - 424, 2003/08
As one of the R&D of ITER. a hydraulic performance of NbAl insert coil was measured and compared with other NbSn conductors. It seems that a longer twist pitch will promote a triangle helium flow space among 4th twist stage cables, jacket and center channel and contribute reduction of pressure drop. Under 500 kN/m of the electromagnetic force, the pressure drop of the NbAl insert decreased by approximately 5%. NbAl conductor indicated quit rigid characteristic under the electromagnetic force and suitable for future magnet with higher magnetic field and current.
Al conductor to be applied to a fusion reactor and its application to a large superconducting coilKoizumi, Norikiyo; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Nakajima, Hideo; Ando, Toshinari*; Tsuji, Hiroshi
Teion Kogaku, 38(8), p.391 - 398, 2003/08
no abstracts in English
Al insert; Characteristics of acoustic emissionNinomiya, Akira*; Arai, Kazuaki*; Takano, Katsutoshi*; Tsugawa, Kazuhito*; Ishigooka, Takeshi*; Kaiho, Katsuyuki*; Nakajima, Hideo; Okuno, Kiyoshi; CS Model Coil Test Group
Teion Kogaku, 38(8), p.425 - 433, 2003/08
no abstracts in English
Al D-shaped coil fabricated by react-and-wind method for JT-60 superconducting TokamakKizu, Kaname; Miura, Yushi; Tsuchiya, Katsuhiko; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Ando, Toshinari*; Hamada, Kazuya; Hara, Eiji*; Imahashi, Koichi*; Ishida, Shinichi; et al.
Proceedings of 6th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS 2003), p.400 - 407, 2003/00
Toroidal field coils (TFC) of the JT-60SC consist of 18 D-shape coils. The maximum magnetic field is 7.4 T at an operational current of 19.4 kA. An advanced NbAl superconductor was developed for the TFC conductor material in JAERI. The NbAl has lower strain sensitivity on superconducting performances, and allows us to fabricate the TFC by react-and-wind (R&W) method that makes that the coil fabrication with high reliability becomes easier and the fabrication cost becomes lower. To demonstrate the coil fabrication by R&W method, a two-turn D-shape coil was developed. The D-shape coil was tested at 4.3-4.4K and 7-12T. Measured critical current (Ic) was 30 kA at 7.3 T and 4.4 K. Using the measured conductor and strand Ic values, the strain of the conductor was estimated to be -0.6%. The Ic-B-T characteristic expected by an empirical equation substituting this strain shows that the required temperature margin for TFC is satisfied. Thus, the R&W method was demonstrated to be the applicable fabrication method of the TFC.
Al insert experiment log book; 3rd Experiment of CS model coilSugimoto, Makoto; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Tsutsumi, Fumiaki*; Oshikiri, Masayuki*; Wakabayashi, Hiroshi*; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Tsuji, Hiroshi
JAERI-Tech 2002-080, 100 Pages, 2002/11
JAERI-Tech-2002-080.pdf:7.89MB
The cool down of CS model coil and NbAl insert was started on March 4, 2002. It took almost one month and immediately started coil charge since April 3, 2002. The charge test of NbAl insert and CS model coil was completed on May 2, 2002. All of the experiments including the warm up was also completed on May 30, 2002.In this campaign, total shot numbers were 102 and the size of the data file in the DAS (Data Acquisition System) was about 5.2 GB. This report is a database that consists of the log list and the log sheets of every shot.
Al cable-in-conduit conductorKoizumi, Norikiyo; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Matsui, Kunihiro; Ando, Toshinari; Tsuji, Hiroshi; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Azuma, Katsunori*; Fuchs, A.*; Bruzzone, P.*; et al.
Cryogenics, 42(11), p.675 - 690, 2002/11
Times Cited Count：23 Percentile：64.36(Thermodynamics)In the framework of ITER-EDA, a 13T-46kA NbAl conductor with stainless steel jacket has been developed to demonstrate applicability of an NbAl conductor with react-and-wind technique to ITER-TF coils. The critical current performances of the NbAl conductors were studied to verify that the conductor achieves the expected performance and 0.4% bending strain does not originate degradation. The critical currents were measured at the background magnetic fields of 7, 9, 10 and 11 T at the temperatures from 6 to 9 K. The expected critical currents is calculated using the developed model and the calculation results indicate that the experimental results showed good agreement with the expected critical currents. Accordingly, we can conclude that the fabrication process of this conductor was appropriate and the applicability of the react-and-wind technique was demonstrated.
Al strand in high magnetic fieldsKeys, S.*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Hampshire, D.*
Superconductor Science and Technology, 15(7), p.991 - 1010, 2002/07
Times Cited Count：41 Percentile：82.71(Physics, Applied)The critical current density of a jelly-roll NbAl strand was measured at first as a function of magntic field, temperature and strain. The equation to estimate its critical current density has been derived from these test results. The magenti fields, temperatures and strains were less than 15 T, less than 14 K and -1.8 - 0.7% in the experiment.
