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Johansen, M. P.*; Gwynn, J. P.*; Carpenter, J. G.*; Charmasson, S.*; McGinnity, P.*; 森 愛理; Orr, B.*; Simon-Cornu, M.*; Osvath, I.*
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 24 Pages, 2024/00
Seafood is an important source for meeting future global nutrient demands. However, it also contributes disproportionately to the radiological ingestion dose of more than five billion world consumers - up to 
70%-80% of the total-foods dose in some countries. Although numerous studies report seafood doses in specific populations, there is still no comprehensive evaluation answering basic questions such as "what is the ingestion dose to the average global seafood consumer?" Analysis of 238 worldwide seafood dose estimates suggests that typical adult consumers receive from 0.13 to 0.21 mSv, with a likely best estimate of 0.15 mSv per annual seafood intake. Those consuming large amounts of seafood, particularly bivalves, may experience ingestion doses exceeding 1 mSv per annual intake, surpassing other routine background dose sources. The published studies suggest that doses of 3 mSv or greater are surpassed in about 150 million adult seafood consumers worldwide. Almost all this dose comes from the natural radionuclides that are prevalent in marine systems - especially 
Po. While trace levels of anthropogenic radionuclides are ubiquitous in seafoods (e.g.,
Cs and 
Pu), the added dose from these is typically orders of magnitude lower. Even following the large-scale releases from the Fukushima accident, with food safety controls in place, the additional dose to consumers in Japan was small relative to routine dose from natural background radionuclides. However, the worldwide seafood dose estimates span seven orders of magnitude, indicating a need for an assessment that integrates global seafood radionuclide data as well as incorporating changes in seafood consumption and production patterns.
Po and 
PoAndel, B.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Antalic, S.*; He
berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Hofmann, S.*; Huyse, M.*; Kalaninov
, Z.*; Kindler, B.*; Kojouharov, I.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 93(6), p.064316_1 - 064316_12, 2016/06
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：37.98(Physics, Nuclear)Isomeric states in Po and Po were studied at the velocity filter SHIP. The isotopes were produced in the fusion-evaporation reactions 
Pr(
Fe, 
)Po and 
Sm(
V, )Po. Several new 
-ray transitions were attributed to the isomers and - coincidences for both isomers were studied for the first time. The 459-keV transition earlier, tentatively proposed as de-exciting the isomeric level in Po, was replaced by a new 248-keV transition, and the spin of this isomer was reassigned from (11
) to (10). The de-excitation of the (11) isomeric level in Po by the 154-keV transition was confirmed and a parallel de-excitation by a 733-keV (E3) transition to (8
) level of the ground-state band was suggested. Moreover, side feeding to the (4) level of the ground-state band was proposed. The paper also discusses strengths of transitions de-exciting 11 isomers in neighboring Po and Pb isotopes.
関本 博*; 井頭 政之*; 矢野 豊彦*; 小原 徹*; 大崎 敏郎*
JAERI-Tech 2002-008, 58 Pages, 2002/03
本研究は、鉛・ビスマス合金の中性子照射によって生成されたポロニウムの生成率(断面積),合金からの放出率及び放出されたポロニウムの各種材料への吸着率を明らかにすることで、鉛・ビスマス冷却高速炉及び加速器駆動未臨界炉でのポロニウムの放出量の定量的評価のための知見を得ることを目的として行われた。ポロニウム生成率については、東工大ペレトロン加速器を用いて高速炉体系で重要なkeV中性子に対するビスマスの断面積を測定した。その結果、中性子捕獲断面積はJENDL評価値の1/2~1/3の値が、ポロニウム生成断面積ではJENDL評価値のほぼ1/3の値を得た。また、中性子照射により生成する鉛ビスマス合金中のポロニウムの挙動に関する実験を行うため、加熱吸着試験装置の設計と動作特性試験及び
線測定器の動作特性試験を行い、るつぼやフィルター等の選定やその他の検討を行った。さらに照射設備でのサンプル照射と中性子レベル測定をおこなった。ただし、東工大での実験許可を得るのが遅れたため、鉛・ビスマス合金中のポロニウム挙動に関する実験は今後に残された。
S.Zimin*
Fusion Technology, 26, p.153 - 167, 1994/09
リチウム鉛から構成される核融合炉ブランケットにおいては、線を放出するポロニウムの蓄積が安全性の観点から問題とされている。本論文では、鉛とビスマス不純物からのあるゆる反応過程を考慮してポロニウムの蓄積量簡易評価式を作成した。この簡易評価式は様々な運転様式、ブランケット構造に適用でき、簡易にポロニウムの生成量を評価することが可能となる。
木村 健二郎*; 石森 富太郎
第2回Genova Conf., 28, P. 151, 1958/00
抄録なし
