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Journal Articles

Impact of impurity in transmutation cycle on neutronics design of revised accelerator-driven system

Sugawara, Takanori; Katano, Ryota; Tsujimoto, Kazufumi

Annals of Nuclear Energy, 111, p.449 - 459, 2018/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2017.09.017

Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：77.16(Nuclear Science & Technology)

This study aims to review the ADS design based on the outcome for the last dozen years and to investigate the impact of impurities in the transmutation cycle on the ADS neutronics design. The impact of impurities in the transmutation cycle is investigated for the reviewed reference design. For the uranium from the partitioning, the accompaniment of 20 wt.% U against the Pu weight is acceptable although the MA transmutation amount will be decreased slightly. For the rare earth (RE) from the partitioning, the accompaniment of 5 wt.% RE against the MA weight is allowable. In the reprocessing, the decontamination factor, DF=10 for RE is enough from the viewpoint of the neutronics design. The impact of the fuel composition accuracy is also investigated. The uncertainty of the ZrN ratio against the MA fuel should be less than 0.2% to minimize a surplus proton beam current due to the uncertainty.

Journal Articles

Examination of analytical method of rare earth elements in used nuclear fuel

Ozawa, Mayumi; Fukaya, Hiroyuki; Sato, Makoto; Kamohara, Keiko*; Suyama, Kenya; Tonoike, Kotaro; Oki, Keiichi; Umeda, Miki

Proceedings of 53rd Annual Meeting of Hot Laboratories and Remote Handling Working Group (HOTLAB 2016) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2016/11

Journal Articles

Fungus-promoted transformation of lanthanides during the biooxidation of divalent manganese

Yu, Q.; Onuki, Toshihiko; Tanaka, Kazuya; Kozai, Naofumi; Yamasaki, Shinya*; Sakamoto, Fuminori; Tani, Yukinori*

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 174, p.1 - 12, 2016/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.11.004

Times Cited Count：15 Percentile：65.4(Geochemistry & Geophysics)

Although microorganisms possess high sorption capability for lanthanides (Lns), their biological response affecting Lns migration is unclear. We investigated the effects of microbial activity on transformation of Lns by contact of Lns with Aeremonium strictum under metabolically active condition with Mn(II). A biomolecule that specifically complex to Ce(IV) was found to be released from the fungal cell, facilitating the desorption of Ce(IV) from Mn oxide. This biomolecule was not associated with any other trivalent Lns or Fe, which differed from those non-nuclide-specific organic substances released from resting cells, as reported previously.

Journal Articles

Separation behaviors of actinides from rare-earths in molten salt electrorefining using saturated liquid cadmium cathode

Kato, Tetsuya*; Inoue, Tadashi*; Iwai, Takashi; Arai, Yasuo

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 357(1-3), p.105 - 114, 2006/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.06.003

Times Cited Count：90 Percentile：98.63(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Electrorefining in the molten LiCl-KCl eutectic salt containing actinides(An) and rare-earths(RE) was conducted to recover up to 10 wt% An into liquid Cd cathode, which is much higher than the solubility of An in liquid Cd at the experimental temperature. In the saturated Cd cathode, An and RE were recovered to form a compound of the PuCd $_{11}$ lattice, MCd $_{11}$ . The separation factors of RE against Pu were defined as (RE/Pu in the Cd cathode)/(RE/Pu in the salt) and calculated for the saturated Cd alloy including MCd $_{11}$ . The separation factors for the Cd cathodes were a little larger than the equilibrium values.

Journal Articles

Hydration structure of Y $^{3+}$ and La $^{3+}$ compared; An Application of metadynamics

Ikeda, Takashi; Hirata, Masaru; Kimura, Takaumi

Journal of Chemical Physics, 122(24), p.244507_1 - 244507_5, 2005/06

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1940029

Times Cited Count：42 Percentile：81.37(Chemistry, Physical)

We studied the hydration structures of Y $^{3+}$ and La $^{3+}$ in aqueous solutions by applying the metadynamics method recently introduced as a tool to explore reaction pathways based on the Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics. By employing the metal-water oxygen coordination number as a collective variable of the metadynamics a couple of aqua and chloro-aqua complexes are successfully generated within the time scales of 10 ps. The reconstructed free energy surface captures the characteristics of the hydration of the light and heavy trivalent rare-earth ions. The present study demonstrates that the metadynamics based on the Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics is a promising tool for exploring the free energy surface of complicated systems such as solutions.

Journal Articles

Chlorination of UO $_{2}$ , PuO $_{2}$ and rare earth oxides using ZrCl $_{4}$ in LiCl-KCl eutectic melt

Sakamura, Yoshiharu*; Inoue, Tadashi*; Iwai, Takashi; Moriyama, Hirotake*

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 340(1), p.39 - 51, 2005/04

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.11.002

Times Cited Count：26 Percentile：84.93(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

A new chlorination method using ZrCl $_{4}$ in a molten salt has been investigated for the pyrometallurgical reprocessing of spent oxide fuels. UO $_{2}$ , PuO $_{2}$ and rare earth oxides(La $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ , CeO $_{2}$ , Nd $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ and Y $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ ) were allowed to react with ZrCl $_{4}$ in a LiCl-KCl eutectic salt at 500 $^{circ}$ C to give a metal chloride solution and a precipitate of ZrO $_{2}$ . By keeping the system quite still, the solution settled so that the ZrO $_{2}$ precipitate could be separated.

Journal Articles

Local structure of molten LaCl by K-absorption edge XAFS

Okamoto, Yoshihiro; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Yaita, Tsuyoshi; Narita, Hirokazu; Tanida, Hajime*

Journal of Molecular Structure, 641(1), p.71 - 76, 2002/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2860(02)00329-0

Times Cited Count：36 Percentile：69.09(Chemistry, Physical)

The local structure of molten LaCl was investigated by X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS) of the La K-edge. The nearest La $^{3+}$ -Cl distance andcoordination number were 2.89 and 7.4 from the curve fitting of the 1st peak in the fourier transform magnitude . The coordination number larger than 6 suggests that the local structure of molten LaCl is not a simple octahedral coordination (LaCl) $^{3-}$ , but 7-fold (LaCl) $^{4-}$ and/or 8-fold (LaCl) $^{5-}$ complexes. The 1st La $^{3+}$ -La $^{3+}$ distance, of which correlation was observed as a weak 2nd peak in the , was evaluated to be 4.9. It suggests that the distorted corner-sharing connection of the complex species is predominant in the melt, inontrast with molten YCl in which the edge-sharing connection of the 6-fold (YCl) $^{3-}$ mainly exists.