Application of EBSD as a method for analyzing irradiation damage in ceramics

Fujimura, Yuki; Ishikawa, Norito; Kondo, Keietsu

JAEA-Technology 2024-012, 26 Pages, 2024/10

JAEA-Technology-2024-012.pdf:3.03MB

While ceramic materials exhibit high temperature strength and corrosion resistance, they are also chemically stable. Specifically, aluminum oxide (AlO) is recognized as one of the highly radiation resistant materials. On the other hand, the precise evaluation of irradiation damage in these materials poses a significant challenge because detecting radiation damage induced in highly radiation-resistant ceramics is difficult. The objective of this study is to evaluate irradiation-induced lattice strain using Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD), a technique commonly employed for damage analysis in metals. Ion irradiation tests were conducted on AlO, a representative highly radiation-resistant ceramic, at various doses. Through lattice strain analysis using EBSD, we successfully identified irradiation-induced lattice strain in the direction parallel to the irradiation, consistent with previous XRD analysis results. Lattice strain in the direction perpendicular to the irradiation was also detected. It was observed that the lattice strain tends to increase with increasing irradiation damage. In conclusion, lattice strain analysis using EBSD proves to be an effective method for assessing the irradiation effects on ceramics.

Modelling of the LTDE-SD radionuclide diffusion experiment in crystalline rock at the sp Hard Rock Laboratory (Sweden)

Soler, J. M.*; Meng, S.*; Moreno, L.*; Neretnieks, I.*; Liu, L.*; Keklinen, P.*; Hokr, M.*; ha, J.*; Vetenk, A.*; Reimitz, D.*; et al.

Geologica Acta, 20(7), 32 Pages, 2022/07

https://doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2022.20.7

Task 9B of the SKB Task Force on Modelling of Groundwater Flow and Transport of Solutes in fractured rock focused on the modelling of experimental results from the LTDE-SD in situ tracer test performed at the sp Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. Ten different modelling teams provided results for this exercise, using different concepts and codes. Three main types of modelling approaches were used: (1) analytical solutions to the transport-retention equations, (2) continuum-porous-medium numerical models, and (3) microstructure-based models accounting for small-scale heterogeneity (i.e. mineral grains and microfracture distributions). The modelling by the different teams allowed the comparison of many different model concepts, especially in terms of potential zonations of rock properties (porosity, diffusion, sorption), such as the presence of a disturbed zone at the rock and fracture surface, the potential effects of micro- and cm-scale fractures.

Evaluation report of Task 9B based on comparisons and analyses of modelling results for the sp HRL LTDE-SD experiments

Soler, J. M.*; Meng, S.*; Moreno, L.*; Neretnieks, I.*; Liu, L.*; Keklinen, P.*; Hokr, M.*; ha, J.*; Vetenk, A.*; Reimitz, D.*; et al.

SKB TR-20-17, 71 Pages, 2021/07

Task 9B of the SKB Task Force on Modelling of Groundwater Flow and Transport of Solutes in fractured rock focused on the modelling of experimental results from the LTDE-SD in situ tracer test performed at the sp Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. Ten different modelling teams provided results for this exercise, using different concepts and codes. Three main types of modelling approaches were used: (1) analytical solutions to the transport-retention equations, (2) continuum-porous-medium numerical models, and (3) microstructure-based models accounting for small-scale heterogeneity (i.e. mineral grains and microfracture distributions). The modelling by the different teams allowed the comparison of many different model concepts, especially in terms of potential zonations of rock properties (porosity, diffusion, sorption), such as the presence of a disturbed zone at the rock and fracture surface, the potential effects of micro- and cm-scale fractures.

Synchronized gravitational slope deformation and active faulting; A Case study on and around the Neodani fault, central Japan

Komura, Keitaro*; Kaneda, Heitaro*; Tanaka, Tomoki*; Kojima, Satoru*; Inoue, Tsutomu*; Nishio, Tomohiro

Geomorphology, 365, p.107214_1 - 107214_22, 2020/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107214

On the basis of pit excavations and sediment cores at an off-fault deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DGSD) site and a trench excavation across the active Neodani fault at a nearby site, we examined the records of DGSD and surface-rupturing paleoearthquakes of the Neodani fault. We found the four most recent DGSD events and the four most recent surface-rupturing earthquakes, respectively and conclude that the ages of events are overlapped each other. We infer that static crustal strain from repeated seismogenic faulting plays an important role in the occurrence of DGSD events, at least in the immediate vicinity of active faults, although coseismic severe shaking would have at least some effect on them. Our case study suggests that off-fault DGSDs can be used to reconstruct or refine the paleoseismic history of a nearby active fault.

Dislocation densities and intergranular stresses of plastically deformed austenitic steels

Tomota, Yo*; Ojima, Mayumi*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.*; Sato, Shigeo*; Ungr, T.*

Materials Science & Engineering A, 743, p.32 - 39, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.09.052

Detection of fatigue damage in stainless steel by EBSD analysis; Applicability of EBSD pattern quality

Kuroda, Masatoshi*; Kamaya, Masayuki*; Yamada, Teruaki*; Akita, Koichi

Nihon Kikai Gakkai Rombunshu (Internet), 83(852), p.17-00072_1 - 17-00072_7, 2017/07

https://doi.org/10.1299/transjsme.17-00072

In order to assess the fatigue damage of austenitic stainless steels by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method more simply and easily, it should be more preferable to use a commercially available general-purpose EBSD analysis software rather than to employ an in-house developed EBSD analysis programme. In the present study, EBSD measurement was performed for Type 316 austenitic stainless steels subjected to cyclic loading, and the applicability of the EBSD parameter relevant to the pattern quality, which could be obtained by the commercial software, to the fatigue damage assessment was discussed by comparing the other EBSD parameter of the averaged local misorientation (Mave), which could be calculated by the in-house developed programme. As a result, the EBSD parameter relevant to the pattern quality, which signified the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the histogram distribution of the image quality (IQ), was saturated at the beginning stage of the fatigue cycles, while Mave was increased monotonically with the cycles. This suggested that the FWHM of IQ could be useful to detect the initial stage of the fatigue damage, while Mave was suitable for the quantitative evaluation of the fatigue damage. XRD measurement was also carried out for the same samples employed in the EBSD measurement, and the XRD data was compared with the EBSD data to discuss the crystallographic mechanism of the change in the FWHM of IQ. As a result, it was found that the FWHM of the (111) XRD peak correlated well with the FWHM of IQ. Because the (111) plane in fcc metal such as austenitic stainless steel was most preferable for slip system, this implied that the change in the distribution of the pattern quality generated by the fatigue loading could be due to the slip deformation.

Application of controlled-potential coulometery as a primary method for the characterization of plutonium nitrate solutions being used for large-size dry spike reference materials; Collaboration between JAEA and SRNL

Holland, M. K.*; Cordaro, J. V.*; Morales-Arteaga, M. E.*; Yamamoto, Masahiko; Kuno, Takehiko; Surugaya, Naoki

Proceedings of INMM 57th Annual Meeting (Internet), 10 Pages, 2016/07

Since 2007, the laboratory at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) have collaborated on a new mission to apply controlled-potential coulometry as a primary method for characterizating plutonium master solutions. Measurement results are being used to prepare traceable and certifiable large-size dry (LSD) spike standards for safeguards measurements by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. The collaboration activities performed by JAEA and SRNL were authorized and funded under the JAEA & United States NNSA/DOE Permanent Coordinating Group. This report will chronicle the collaboration activities of JAEA and SRNL, and provide the detail on the periodic coulometer component calibration, the coulometric plutonium measures and measure practices, including the uncertainty propagation for the most recent plutonium master solution used for LSD Spike preparation.

Revaluation of hydrogen generation by water radiolysis in SDS vessels at TMI-2 accident

Nagaishi, Ryuji; Morita, Keisuke; Yamagishi, Isao; Hino, Ryutaro; Ogawa, Toru

Proceedings of 2014 Nuclear Plant Chemistry Conference (NPC 2014) (USB Flash Drive), 9 Pages, 2014/10

BB2014-1745.pdf:0.92MB

Two years after Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) loss-of-coolant accident, radioactive contaminated water has been processed by Submerged Demineralizer System (SDS) with two types of zeolite adsorbents to remove radioactive nuclides. During and after the process, adsorption amount and distribution of nuclides on the zeolites, residual water content and thermal conductivity in the SDS vessels have been measured or estimated for verification of safety in the process, subsequent transportation and disposal. Hydrogen generation has been also evaluated mainly by direct monitoring in the large-scale of vessel after the process. In this work, the revaluation of hydrogen generation was demonstrated on the basis of the open information of vessel, and the latest experimental data obtained in adsorption and radiolysis occurring in small-scale of zeolite-water mixtures. As a result, the evaluated data was found to be comparable with the reported data obtained in the large-scale of real vessel.

Cross-machine benchmarking for ITER of neoclassical tearing mode stabilization by electron cyclotron current drive

La Haye, R. J.*; Prater, R.*; Buttery, R. J.*; Hayashi, Nobuhiko; Isayama, Akihiko; Maraschek, M. E.*; Urso, L.*; Zohm, H.*

Nuclear Fusion, 46(4), p.451 - 461, 2006/04

https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/46/4/006

no abstracts in English

Pedestal characteristics of H-mode plasmas in JT-60U and ASDEX Upgrade

Urano, Hajime; Kamada, Yutaka; Takizuka, Tomonori; Suttrop, W.*; Horton, L.*; Lang, P.*; Kubo, Hirotaka; Oyama, Naoyuki; Takenaga, Hidenobu; Asakura, Nobuyuki

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 81(4), p.280 - 287, 2005/04

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110006281929

Role of the pedestal structure in ELMy H-mode plasmas for the core energy confinement and for the ELM energy losses have been investigated in JT-60U and ASDEX Upgrade. The confinement degradation seen at higher densities is attributed to the reduction of the pedestal temperature limited by the ELM activities and the stiffness of the temperature profiles. In high triangularity or impurity seeded H-modes, in which higher energy confinement is generally achieved, higher pedestal temperature is obtained by the improvement of the edge MHD stability or the density profile peaking, respectively. The upper bound of the ELM energy loss is characterised by the pedestal energy. The energy transport in between ELMs enhanced with increasing the pedestal collisionality reduces the ELM loss power fraction. It is also shown in ASDEX Upgrade that the continuous pellet injection is valid for the integrated performance of smaller ELM losses and favourable core confinement.