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三輪 一爾; 行川 正和*; 島田 太郎; 武田 聖司
MRS Advances (Internet), 7(7-8), p.165 - 169, 2022/03
本研究では、地表流と土砂移動により生じる地表面における核種移行を土中の鉛直核種濃度と粒径に応じた核種濃度を考慮して評価する方法を作成した。作成した核種移行評価法により、水平方向に均一なCs-137の初期汚染分布を有する仮想的なサイトにおいて1年間の核種移行評価を実施した。その結果、Cs-137がサイト内の窪地に集中することにより初期汚染分布濃度と比較して20%程濃度が上昇した。また、地表面における核種移行により、初期汚染分布の総核種量の0.18%が海洋へ流出した。これらの結果から、廃止措置終了確認における被ばく線量評価において地表面における核種移行を考慮することで、サイト内における外部被ばく線量の上昇と海洋へ流出した核種による水産物摂取による内部被ばく線量の上昇の可能性が示唆された。
Cs washoff from bare land in Fukushima五十嵐 康記*; 恩田 裕一*; 脇山 義史*; 吉村 和也; 加藤 弘亮*; 小塚 翔平*; 馬目 凌*
Science of the Total Environment, 769, p.144706_1 - 144706_9, 2021/05
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：17.32(Environmental Sciences)The impact of freeze-thaw processes and subsequent runoff affecting the Cs-137 (Cs) flux and concentration in sediment discharge were revealed in bareland erosion plot following the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident by detailed monitoring and laser scanner measurement on the soil surface. We found that surface topographic changes due to the frost-heaving during the winter- spring period, and rill formation during the summer. We also found the evident seasonal changes in Cs concentration; high during the early spring and gradually decreased thereafter, then surface runoff from the plot frequently occurred during spring and autumn when rainfall was high and reached a maximum in summer.
Cs, and their time dependence脇山 義史*; 恩田 裕一*; 吉村 和也; 五十嵐 康記*; 加藤 弘亮*
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 210, p.105990_1 - 105990_12, 2019/12
被引用回数：22 パーセンタイル：58.89(Environmental Sciences)This study provides the results of observations of plot-scale Cs wash-off from various land uses (two uncultivated farmlands, two cultivated farmlands, three grasslands and one forest) from 2011 to 2014. Annual Cs wash-off rate ranged from 0.0026 to 7.5% per year, and more vegetation cover resulted in lower sediment discharge. Cs concentration observed in uncultivated farmland plot decreased with time and the rate was lower than those of riverine, suggesting that contributions of Cs from the upslope area may be insignificant to that in riverine. A negative relationship between Cs concentration normalized by initial deposition amount and sediment concentration in runoff water was found. Cultivation appeared to cause enhanced soil erosion and resulted in constant relatively low Cs concentration. A contribution of coarse organic matter to Cs wash-off was suggested in the forest, which had relatively high Cs concentration and low sediment discharge.
Yang, B.*; 恩田 裕一*; 脇山 義史*; 吉村 和也; 関本 均*; Ha, Y.*
Environmental Pollution, 208(Part B), p.562 - 570, 2016/01
被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：45.97(Environmental Sciences)In this study, we investigated the temporal changes of radiocesium in soil, irrigation water, and rice plant in two adjacent rice paddies, with and without surface-soil-removal practice, in Fukushima Prefecture for over three years (2012 to 2014). Our results showed that radiocesium migrated into 24-28 cm soil layers and that the concentration and inventory of radiocesium in paddy soils generally decreased. The newly added radiocesium to paddies through irrigation water contributed only the maximum values of 0.15% and 0.75% of the total amount present in normal and decontaminated paddies, respectively, throughout the study period. The change trend of radiocesium concentration in suspended sediment in irrigation water exponentially decreased. Radiocesium accumulation in rice plant also decreased with time in both paddies. However, the transfer factor of radiocesium for rice plant in the decontaminated paddy increased compared with normal paddy.
Cs wash-off from bareland in Fukushima五十嵐 康記*; 恩田 裕一*; 脇山 義史*; 吉村 和也; 加藤 弘亮*; 小塚 翔平*; 馬目 凌*
no journal, ,
The impact of freeze-thaw processes and subsequent runoff affecting the Cs flux and concentration in sediment discharge were revealed in bareland erosion plot following the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident by detailed monitoring and laser scanner measurement on the soil surface. We found that surface topographic changes due to the frost-heaving during the winter-spring period, and rill formation during the summer. We also found the evident seasonal changes in Cs concentration; high during the early spring and gradually decreased thereafter, then surface runoff from the plot frequently occurred during spring and autumn when rainfall was high and reached a maximum in summer. From these results, the higher Cs concentration in spring was caused by a mixture of unstable surface sediment following freeze- thaw processes and then transported in the early spring, but erosion amount is not significant because of the less rainfall event. The sediment with a lower Cs concentration, which was supplied from the rill erosion and its expansion, was wash-offed during the summer, contributing most of the flux from erosion in bareland in Fukushima region.
吉村 和也; 脇山 義史*; 恩田 裕一*; 高瀬 つぎ子*
no journal, ,
This study presents Cs-137 wash-off observations on various land uses including decontaminated lands in Fukushima. We established rectangle soil erosion plots on six landscape; uncultivated farmland (UFL), cultivated farmland (CFL), grassland (GL), forest (F), uncultivated and cultivated farmlands on a decontaminated land (D-UFL and D-CFL). The D-UFL and DCFL were established after the decontamination of erosion plots. Mean Cs-137 concentrations on decontaminated lands decreased down to approx. 10 to 40 % of values observed before decontamination. No significant difference in amount of eroded sediment was found between contaminated and decontaminated lands, suggesting that decontamination works decrease total Cs-137 wash-off.
脇山 義史*; 恩田 裕一*; 吉村 和也; 中村 典子*; 馬目 凌*
no journal, ,
This study shows approximately three years observation results of plot-scale Cs-137 wash-off at various land uses in Kawamata town after the accident of FDNPP. Soil erosion rate were positively correlated with vegetation cover on undisturbed soils, whereas high erosion rate were found on cultivated farmlands even with similar vegetation cover to uncultivated farmlands. Annual Cs-137 wash-off rate ranged from 0.003 to 9.3 %/year and the largest was from uncultivated farmland followed by cultivated farmlands. Decreasing trends of Cs-137 concentration were found on uncultivated farmlands, whereas no trend was found on other plots. Our results suggest that the active soil erosion results in decrease in Cs-137 concentration of sediments on uncultivated slopes, while cultivation resulted in the no trend of temporal decrease in Cs-137 concentration due to constant vertical distribution of Cs-137.
