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Journal Articles

Evaluation of tritium confinement performance of alumina and zirconium for tritium production in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor for fusion reactors

Katayama, Kazunari*; Ushida, Hiroki*; Matsuura, Hideaki*; Fukada, Satoshi*; Goto, Minoru; Nakagawa, Shigeaki

Fusion Science and Technology, 68(3), p.662 - 668, 2015/10

https://doi.org/10.13182/FST14-968

Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：69.75(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Tritium production utilizing nuclear reactions by neutron and lithium in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is attractive for development of a fusion reactor. From viewpoints of tritium safety and production efficiency, tritium confinement technique is an important issue. It is known that alumina has high resistance for gas permeation. In this study, hydrogen permeation experiments in commercial alumina tubes were conducted and hydrogen permeability, diffusivity and solubility was evaluated. By using obtained data, tritium permeation behavior from an Al $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ -coated Li-compound particle was simulated. Additionally, by using literature data for hydrogen behavior in zirconium, an effect of Zr incorporation into an Al $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ coating on tritium permeation was discussed. It was indicated that the majority of produced tritium was released through the Al $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ coating above 500 $^{circ}$ C. However, it is expected that total tritium leak is suppressed to below 0.67% of total tritium produced at 500 $^{circ}$ C by incorporating Zr fine particles into the inside of Al $_{2}$ O $_{3}$ coating.

Journal Articles

Design of the ITER tritium plant, confinement and detritiation facilities

Yoshida, Hiroshi; Glugla, M.*; Hayashi, Takumi; Lsser, R.*; Murdoch, D.*; Nishi, Masataka; Haange, R.*

Fusion Engineering and Design, 61-62, p.513 - 523, 2002/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-3796(02)00105-9

Times Cited Count：25 Percentile：83.26(Nuclear Science & Technology)

ITER tritium plant is composed of tokamak fuel cycle systems, tritium confinement and detritation systems. The tokamak fuel cycle systems, composed of various tritium sumsystems such as vacuum vessel cleaning gas processing, tokamak exhaust processing, hydrogen isotope separation, fuel storage, mixing and delivery, and external tritium receiving and long-term storage, has been designed to meet not only ITER operation scenarios but safety requirements (minimization of equipment tritium inventory and reduction of environmental tritium release at different off-normal events and accident scenarios). Multiple confinement design was employed because tritium easily permeates through metals (at 150 $^{circ}$ C) and plastics (at ambient temperature) and mixed with moisture in room air. That is, tritium process equipment and piping are designed to be the primary confinement barrier, and the process equipments (tritium inventory 1 g) are surrounded by the secondary confinement barrier such as a glovebox. Tritium process rooms, which contains these facilities, form the tertiary confinement barrier, and equipped with emergency isolation valves in the heating ventillation and air conditioning ducts as well as atmosphere detritiation systems. This confinement approach has been applied to tokamak building, tritium building, and hotcell and radwaste building.