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Jeong, S. G.*; Kwon, J.*; Kim, E. S.*; Prasad, K.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Estrin, Y.*; Bouaziz, O.*; Hong, S. I.*; et al.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 942, p.148712_1 - 148712_11, 2025/10
The cellular structure plays a key role in determining the mechanical properties of metal additive manufacturing (MAM) components. This study presents in situ neutron diffraction and dislocation density-based modeling for a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) made via directed energy deposition (DED). A constitutive model based on the Kocks-Mecking-Estrin framework was used to represent the cellular structure. Parametric analysis showed lower dislocation accumulation and annihilation rates in the as-built sample (with cellular structure) than in the heat-treated one. These differences are linked to dislocation forest networks and local stacking fault energy variations. Dislocation density across cell interiors and walls was also compared with deformation-induced dislocation cells.
高梨 美咲*; 日高 僚太*; 大久保 亘太*; 増村 拓朗*; 土山 聡宏*; 諸岡 聡; 前田 拓也*; 中村 修一*; 植森 龍治*
ISIJ International, 65(9), p.1384 - 1393, 2025/08
This study investigates the strengthening mechanism of ausforming in martensitic steels, focusing on the role of dislocation inheritance from austenite. By analyzing Fe-5%Mn-C alloys, the researchers quantified dislocation densities before and after ausforming and examined how carbon content affects hardening. Results show that both hardness and dislocation density of ausformed martensite increase with greater deformation in austenite and higher carbon content. The findings support that ausforming strengthens martensite through dislocation accumulation, consistent with the Bailey-Hirsch relationship. 
neutron diffraction revealed that dislocation inheritance occurs only in steels with sufficient carbon, while additional dislocations are introduced during martensitic transformation.
高梨 美咲*; 日高 僚太*; 大久保 亘太*; 増村 拓朗*; 土山 聡宏*; 諸岡 聡; 前田 拓也*; 中村 修一*; 植森 龍治*
鉄と鋼, 111(9), p.503 - 513, 2025/06
The strengthening mechanism of ausforming in martensitic steels is believed to be due to the inheritance of dislocations in austenite by the subsequently transformed martensite. However, no studies to date have quantified the dislocation density before and after ausforming. In this study, the dislocation densities of Fe-5%Mn-C alloys were analyzed, and the relationship between hardening by ausforming and dislocation accumulation, as well as the effect of carbon on this relationship, were investigated. The hardness of ausformed martensite increased with the ausforming reduction in austenite, and the strengthening effect of ausforming increased with the addition of carbon. Similarly, the dislocation density of ausformed martensite increased with the ausforming reduction in austenite, and the dislocation accumulation by ausforming increased with the addition of carbon. Because the hardness of the ausformed martensite follows the Bailey-Hirsch relationship, the strengthening mechanism owing to ausforming could be explained by dislocation strengthening. To understand the dislocation accumulation process during ausforming, the dislocation density of austenite immediately after ausforming was measured by in-situ heating neutron diffraction. Consequently, the dislocation density of the ausformed austenite was not dependent on the carbon content, indicating that dislocations are not inherited in carbon-free steels. By contrast, in steels with sufficient carbon content, not only are dislocations inherited but additional dislocations are introduced during martensitic transformation.
熊谷 正芳*; 秋田 貢一*; 黒田 雅利*; Harjo, S.
Materials Science & Engineering A, 820, p.141582_1 - 141582_9, 2021/07
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：58.93(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)In situ neutron diffraction during 250 cycles of plastic deformation was performed and the diffraction line profile analysis was performed to qualitatively evaluate the change in the microstructure of austenitic stainless steel during the cyclic deformation. The dislocation density increased with increasing number of cycles until 50 cycles but thereafter decreased. The cycle number corresponding to this maximum point differed depending on whether it was evaluated as the total dislocation density or was deconvoluted into edge and screw dislocation densities. At the initial state, edge dislocations were predominant; however, screw dislocations greatly increased at the first stage of cyclic loading. Afterwards, edge dislocations formed cell walls and screw dislocations annihilated.
山中 謙太*; 黒田 あす美*; 伊藤 美優*; 森 真奈美*; Bian, H.*; 菖蒲 敬久; 佐藤 茂男*; 千葉 明彦*
Additive Manufacturing, 37, p.101678_1 - 101678_12, 2021/01
被引用回数：41 パーセンタイル：86.84(Engineering, Manufacturing)Ti-6Al-4V alloy is widely used in aerospace and biomedical industries, and its preparation using additive manufacturing techniques has recently attracted considerable attention. Herein, the dislocation structures developed during electron beam and laser beam powder-bed fusion (EB-PBF and LB-PBF, respectively) of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy were quantitatively examined via XRD line profile analysis. Accordingly, a higher dislocation density and finer crystallite size were observed at the top cross-section from the XRD line profile analysis, suggesting that the extent of phase decomposition depended on the duration of the exposure to the elevated temperature. Nonetheless, the saturated dislocation density was as high as 10
m
, where dislocation strengthening affected the overall strength of the EB-PBF specimen. Diffraction peaks of sufficient intensity that enabled the analysis of the dislocation structures in both the 
(')-matrix and the nanosized beta-phase precipitates at the (')-laths were obtained under high-energy synchrotron radiation; this revealed that the beta-phase had a much higher dislocation density than the surrounding (')-matrix. The enhanced dislocation accumulation in the nanosized 
-phase precipitates probably reflects the elemental partitioning that occurred during post-solidification cooling. The valuable insights provided in this study are expected to promote further development of alloy preparation using additive manufacturing processes.
直江 崇; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Xiong, Z.*; 二川 正敏
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 28, p.061009_1 - 061009_6, 2020/02
J-PARCの核破砕中性子源に設置されている316L鋼製の水銀ターゲット容器は、陽子及び中性子照射環境により損傷する。照射損傷に加えて、陽子線励起圧力波により期待される設計寿命である5000時間の運転中に、約4.5億回の繰返し応力を受ける。これまでに容器構造材のギガサイクルまでの疲労挙動を調査するために、超音波疲労試験を実施し、疲労後の残強度を測定するなかで、繰返し硬化及び軟化現象を観測した。本研究では、ギガサイクルまでの繰返し硬化/軟化について調査するために、物質・生命科学実験施設(BL-19匠)で中性子回折により繰返し負荷後の試料の転位密度を測定した。その結果、受け入れ材は負荷の繰返し数の増加と共に転位密度が増加した。一方、照射による転位導入を模擬した冷間圧延材は、負荷の繰返し過程において転位の消滅と再蓄積が確認された。ワークショップでは、ターゲット容器構造材のギガサイクルまでの疲労試験の進捗と中性子回折の測定結果について報告する。
佐野 睦*; 高橋 直*; 渡辺 篤雄*; 城 鮎美*; 菖蒲 敬久
Materials Research Proceedings, Vol.2, p.609 - 614, 2017/00
高温下で圧縮ひずみが与えられたGlidCopの転位密度を、放射光を用いたX線プロファイル解析により調べた。転位密度を評価するために、修正ウィリアムソンホールと修正ウォーレン-アベルバッハ法を適用した。その結果、0.011-0.04の圧縮ひずみを有するGlid Copの転位密度は、5.7-8.0
10mであった。
