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JAEA Reports

JAEA-TDB-RN in 2020; Update of JAEA's thermodynamic database for solubility and speciation of radionuclides for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level and TRU wastes

Kitamura, Akira

JAEA-Data/Code 2020-020, 164 Pages, 2021/03

JAEA-Data-Code-2020-020.pdf:3.11MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2020-020-appendix(DVD-ROM).zip:0.56MB

Part of JAEA's Thermodynamic Database (JAEA-TDB) for solubility and speciation of radionuclides (JAEA-TDB-RN) for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive and TRU wastes has been updated with subsuming the database for geochemical calculations (JAEA-TDB-GC). This report has focused to update JAEA-TDB-RN after selecting change in standard Gibbs free energy of formation ( $Delta_{rm r}$ $G^{circ}_{rm m}$ ), change in standard enthalpy change of formation ( $^{circ}$ $_{rm m}$ ), standard molar entropy ( $S^{circ}$ $_{rm m}$ ) and, heat capacity ( $C^{circ}_{rm p}$ ), change in standard Gibbs free energy of reaction ( $Delta_{rm r}G^{circ}$ $_{rm m}$ ), change in standard enthalpy change of reaction ( $_{rm r}$ $^{circ}$ $_{rm m}$ ) and standard entropy change of reaction ( $Delta_{rm r}S^{circ}_{rm m}$ ) as well as logarithm of equilibrium constant (log $_{10}$ $K^{circ}$ ) at standard state. The extent of selection of these thermodynamic data enables to evaluate solubility and speciation of radionuclides at temperatures other than 298.15 K. Furthermore, the latest thermodynamic data for iron which have been critically reviewed, selected and compiled by the Nuclear Energy Agency within Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD/NEA) have been accepted. Most of previously selected log $_{10}$ $K^{circ}$ have been refined to confirm internal consistency with JAEA-TDB-GC. Text files of the updated JAEA-TDB have been provided for geochemical calculation programs of PHREEQC and Geochemist's Workbench.

Journal Articles

Prediction of thermodynamic data for radium suitable for thermodynamic database for radioactive waste management using an electrostatic model and correlation with ionic radii among alkaline earth metals

Kitamura, Akira; Yoshida, Yasushi*

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 327(2), p.839 - 845, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07527-5

Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：48.75(Chemistry, Analytical)

Thermodynamic data for radium for radioactive waste management have been predicted using an electrostatic model and correlation with the ionic radii of the alkaline earth metals. Estimation of the standard Gibbs free energy of formation and standard molar entropy of aqueous radium species and compounds has been based on such approaches as extrapolation of the thermodynamic properties of strontium and barium, and use of a model of ion pair formation. The predicted thermodynamic data for radium have been compared with previously reported values.

Journal Articles

Methodology development and determination of solubility-limiting solid phases for a performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive and TRU wastes

Kitamura, Akira; Yoshida, Yasushi*; Goto, Takahiro*; Shibutani, Sanae*

Genshiryoku Bakkuendo Kenkyu (CD-ROM), 27(2), p.58 - 71, 2020/12

https://doi.org/10.3327/jnuce.27.2_58

Evaluation and estimation of solubility values are required for a performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive and TRU wastes. Selection of solubility-limiting solid phases (SSPs) that control the solubility of radionuclides is necessary for the evaluation and estimation of solubility values. The authors have developed a methodology for selection of the SSP through a calculation of saturation indices (SIs) using thermodynamic database to show a transparent procedure for the selection. Literature survey should be performed to confirm decision of the SSP from candidate SSPs which generally have larger SIs from realistic point of view for precipitation and solubility control. The authors have selected the SSPs for the elements of interest for the latest Japanese performance assessment in bentonite and cement porewaters after grouping various water compositions.

Journal Articles

Development of fission product chemistry database ECUME for the LWR severe accident

Miwa, Shuhei; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Miyahara, Naoya; Nishioka, Shunichiro; Suzuki, Eriko; Horiguchi, Naoki; Liu, J.; Miradji, F.; Imoto, Jumpei; Afiqa, B. M.; et al.

Mechanical Engineering Journal (Internet), 7(3), p.19-00537_1 - 19-00537_11, 2020/06

https://doi.org/10.1299/mej.19-00537

We constructed the fission product (FP) chemistry database named ECUME for LWR severe accident. This version of ECUME is equipped with dataset of the chemical reactions and their kinetics constants for the reactions of cesium(Cs)-iodine(I)-boron(B)-molybdenum(Mo)-oxygen(O)-hydrogen(H) system in gas phase, the elemental model for the high temperature chemical reaction of Cs with stainless steel applied as the structural material in a reactor, and thermodynamic data for CsBO $_{2}$ vapor species and solids of Cs $_{2}$ Si $_{4}$ O $_{9}$ and CsFeSiO $_{4}$ for these chemical reactions. The ECUME will provide estimation of Cs distribution due to the evaluation of effects of interaction with BWR control material B and stainless steel on Cs behavior in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station.

Journal Articles

Development of thermodynamic database for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste and TRU waste

Kitamura, Akira

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO, 62(1), p.23 - 28, 2020/01

Thermodynamic databases (TDBs) for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level waste and TRU waste have been developed to predict solubility and speciation of radionuclides in groundwater in some countries including Japan. The present manuscript briefly describes current status of development of the TDB organized by the Nuclear Energy Agency within the Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD/NEA) and the TDBs in some countries including Japan.

JAEA Reports

Update of JAEA-TDB; Update of thermodynamic data for zirconium and those for isosaccahrinate, tentative selection of thermodynamic data for ternary M $^{2+}$ -UO $_{2}$ $^{2+}$ -CO $_{3}$ $^{2-}$ system and integration with JAEA's thermodynamic database for geochemical calculations

Kitamura, Akira

JAEA-Data/Code 2018-018, 103 Pages, 2019/03

JAEA-Data-Code-2018-018.pdf:5.66MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2018-018-appendix1(DVD-ROM).zip:0.14MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2018-018-appendix2(DVD-ROM).zip:0.15MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2018-018-appendix3(DVD-ROM).zip:0.19MB

The latest available thermodynamic data were critically reviewed and the selected values were included into the JAEA-TDB for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive and TRU wastes. This critical review specifically addressed thermodynamic data for (1) a zirconium-hydroxide system through comparison of thermodynamic data selected by the Nuclear Energy Agency within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD/NEA), (2) complexation of metal ions with isosaccharinic acid based on the latest review papers. Furthermore, the author performed (3) tentative selection of thermodynamic data on ternary complexes among alkaline-earth metal, uranyl and carbonate ions, and (4) integration with the latest version of JAEA's thermodynamic database for geochemical calculations. The internal consistency of the selected data was checked by the author. Text files of the updated and integrated thermodynamic database have been prepared for geochemical calculation programs of PHREEQC and Geochemist's Workbench.

Journal Articles

Thermodynamic data development; Solubility method and future research needs (PLENARY)

Rai, D.*; Yui, Mikazu; Kitamura, Akira

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.19 - 26, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.19

The objectives of this presentation are (1) to describe the solubility method, (2) to list desirable criteria of the solubility method so that the reader can recognize which studies have been done in a way that yields quality information, (3) to present an example of how to use the evaluation criteria, and (4) to provide a few examples of future research needs where the solubility method is ideally suited and the other methods are unsuitable for these investigations.

Journal Articles

A Thermodynamic model for ZrO $_{2}$ (am) solubility at 25 $^{circ}$ C in the Ca $^{2+}$ -Na $^{+}$ -H $^{+}$ -Cl $^{-}$ -OH $^{-}$ -H $_{2}$ O system; A Critical review

Rai, D.*; Kitamura, Akira; Altmaier, M.*; Rosso, K. M.*; Sasaki, Takayuki*; Kobayashi, Taishi*

Journal of Solution Chemistry, 47(5), p.855 - 891, 2018/05

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-018-0766-4

Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：9.96(Chemistry, Physical)

We have critically reviewed experimental data for Zr hydrolysis constant values for formation of several mononuclear and polynuclear species and a solubility product value for ZrO $_{2}$ (am). We have determined new/revised values for the formation constants of Zr(OH) $_{2}$ $^{2+}$ , Zr(OH) $_{4}$ (aq), Zr(OH) $_{5}$ $^{-}$ , Zr(OH) $_{6}$ $^{2-}$ and Ca $_{3}$ Zr(OH) $_{6}$ $^{4+}$ , and the solubility product for ZrO $_{2}$ (am) after the critical review.

Journal Articles

Issues concerning the determination of solubility products of sparingly soluble crystalline solids; Solubility of HfO $_{2}$ (cr)

Rai, D.*; Kitamura, Akira; Rosso, K. M.*; Sasaki, Takayuki*; Kobayashi, Taishi*

Radiochimica Acta, 104(8), p.583 - 592, 2016/08

https://doi.org/10.1515/ract-2015-2540

Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：46.36(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

Solubility studies were conducted with HfO $_{2}$ (cr) solid as a function of acid concentrations. These studies involved (1) using two different amounts of the solid phase, (2) acid washing the bulk solid phase, (3) preheating the solid phase to 1400 $^{circ}$ C, and (4) heating amorphous HfO $_{2}$ (am) suspensions to 90 $^{circ}$ C to ascertain whether the HfO $_{2}$ (am) converts to HfO $_{2}$ (cr) and to determine the solubility from the oversaturation direction. Based on the results of these treatments it is concluded that the HfO $_{2}$ (cr) contains a small fraction of less crystalline, but not amorphous, material [HfO $_{2}$ (lcr)] and this, rather than the HfO $_{2}$ (cr), is the solubility-controlling phase in the range of experimental variables investigated in this study. The solubility data are interpreted using both the Pitzer and SIT models. The log $_{10}$ of the solubility product of HfO $_{2}$ (cr) is estimated. The observation of a small fraction of less crystalline higher solubility material is consistent with the general picture that mineral surfaces are often structurally and/or imperfect leading to a higher solubility than the bulk crystalline solid. This study stresses the urgent need, during interpretation of solubility data, of taking precautions to make certain that the observed solubility behavior for sparingly-soluble solids is assigned to the proper solid phase.

JAEA Reports

Research on treatment and disposal of RI and research institute waste; Progress in Department of Fuel Cycle Safety Research

Department of Fuel Cycle Safety Research

JAERI-Review 2001-019, 108 Pages, 2001/07

JAERI-Review-2001-019.pdf:6.04MB

Department of Fuel Cycle Safety Research, JAERI, has been carrying out research on safe and rational disposal systems of radioactive wastes arising from medical activities and research institutes (RI and Research Institute Waste). The research area includes a study on molten solidified waste form, a geological survey on Japan, a proposal on integrated disposal systems, data acquisition for safety evaluation, and a safety analysis of disposal systems. This report introduces progress and future works for the treatment and disposal of RI and Research Institute Waste.

Oral presentation

Thermodynamic study on the complexation of U(IV) with isosaccharinic acid

Kobayashi, Taishi*; Sasaki, Takayuki*; Kitamura, Akira

no journal, ,

The solubility of U(OH) $_{4}$ (am) was investigated in the presence of isosaccharinic acid (ISA) as a function of hydrogen ion concentration (pHc) and ISA concentration. The solubility in neutral pH region was independent of pHc, while those in alkaline pH region slightly increased with increasing pHc. The solubility was investigated as a function of ISA concentration and found to increase with a slope of approximately 2 with increasing ISA concentration. It was therefore suggested that U(OH) $_{4}$ (ISA) $_{2}$ $^{2-}$ and U(OH) $_{5}$ (ISA) $_{2}$ $^{3-}$ were the dominant U(IV)-ISA complexes, which were similar to those observed in Zr(IV)-ISA system. Complex formation constants were determined by the least square fitting analysis of the solubility data and the calculated solubility curve well reproduced the experimental data.

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JAEA-TDB-RN in 2020; Update of JAEA's thermodynamic database for solubility and speciation of radionuclides for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level and TRU wastes

Prediction of thermodynamic data for radium suitable for thermodynamic database for radioactive waste management using an electrostatic model and correlation with ionic radii among alkaline earth metals

Methodology development and determination of solubility-limiting solid phases for a performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive and TRU wastes

Development of fission product chemistry database ECUME for the LWR severe accident

Development of thermodynamic database for performance assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste and TRU waste

Update of JAEA-TDB; Update of thermodynamic data for zirconium and those for isosaccahrinate, tentative selection of thermodynamic data for ternary M $^{2+}$ -UO $_{2}$ $^{2+}$ -CO $_{3}$ $^{2-}$ system and integration with JAEA's thermodynamic database for geochemical calculations

Thermodynamic data development; Solubility method and future research needs (PLENARY)

A Thermodynamic model for ZrO $_{2}$ (am) solubility at 25 $^{circ}$ C in the Ca $^{2+}$ -Na $^{+}$ -H $^{+}$ -Cl $^{-}$ -OH $^{-}$ -H $_{2}$ O system; A Critical review

Issues concerning the determination of solubility products of sparingly soluble crystalline solids; Solubility of HfO $_{2}$ (cr)

Research on treatment and disposal of RI and research institute waste; Progress in Department of Fuel Cycle Safety Research

Thermodynamic study on the complexation of U(IV) with isosaccharinic acid