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Okuno, Hiroshi; Sato, Sohei; Kawakami, Takeshi; Yamamoto, Kazuya; Tanaka, Tadao
Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 46(2), p.66 - 79, 2021/06
The nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (NPS) of Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) was a typical one of the disastrous damages that induced evacuation of the residents around the NPS, which was triggered by the hugest earthquake and associated tsunami. This paper summarized early responses of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), especially of its Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) to the off-site emergencies associated with the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS. The paper addressed activities of emergency preparedness of the NEAT before 2011 in relevant to the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS, the situation of the NEAT on March 11, 2011, and its early responses to the related off-site emergencies including those caused by the accident at the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi NPS. The paper also discussed issues associated with complex disasters.
Homma, Toshimitsu; Takahara, Shogo; Iijima, Masashi; Sato, Sohei; Kimura, Masanori; Shimada, Kazumasa
JAEA-Review 2016-013, 162 Pages, 2016/07
JAEA-Review-2016-013.pdf:16.95MB
This is a Japanese translation of "Actions to Protect the Public in an Emergency due to Severe Conditions at a Light Water Reactor", which is published by the International Atomic Energy Agency in May 2013. The original IAEA Publication is available on the IAEA Website (https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/EPR-NPP_PPA_web.pdf).
Sato, Takeshi; Muto, Shigeo; Akiyama, Kiyomitsu; Aoki, Kazufumi; Okamoto, Akiko; Kawakami, Takeshi; Kume, Nobuhide; Nakanishi, Chika; Koie, Masahiro; Kawamata, Hiroyuki; et al.
JAEA-Review 2014-048, 69 Pages, 2015/02
JAEA-Review-2014-048.pdf:13.91MB
JAEA was assigned as a designated public institution under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situations Response Act. Based on these Acts, the JAEA has the responsibility of providing technical support to the national government and/or local governments in case of disaster responses or response in the event of a military attack, etc. In order to fulfill the tasks, the JAEA has established the Emergency Action Plan and the Civil Protection Action Plan. In case of a nuclear emergency, NEAT dispatches specialists of JAEA, supplies the national government and local governments with emergency equipment and materials, and gives technical advice and information. In normal time, NEAT provides various exercises and training courses concerning nuclear disaster prevention to those personnel taking an active part in emergency response institutions of the national and local governments, police, fire fighters, self-defense forces, etc. in addition to the JAEA itself. The NEAT also researches nuclear disaster preparedness and response, and cooperates with international organizations. In the FY2013, the NEAT accomplished the following tasks: (1) Technical support activities as a designated public institution in cooperation with the national and local governments, etc. (2) Human resource development, exercise and training of nuclear emergency response personnel for the national and local governments, etc. (3) Researches on nuclear disaster preparedness and response, and sending useful information (4) International contributions to Asian countries on nuclear disaster preparedness and response in collaboration with the international organizations
Sato, Takeshi; Muto, Shigeo; Okuno, Hiroshi; Katagiri, Hiromi; Akiyama, Kiyomitsu; Okamoto, Akiko; Koie, Masahiro; Ikeda, Takeshi; Nemotochi, Toshimasa; Saito, Toru; et al.
JAEA-Review 2013-046, 65 Pages, 2014/02
JAEA-Review-2013-046.pdf:11.18MB
When a nuclear emergency occurs in Japan, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has the responsibility of providing technical support to the National government, local governments, police, fire stations and nuclear operators etc., because the JAEA has been designated as the Designated Public Institution under the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures and the Act on Response to Armed Attack Situations, etc.. The Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) of JAEA provides a comprehensive range of technical support activities to an Off-Site Center in case of a nuclear emergency. Specifically, NEAT gives technical advice and information, dispatches specialists as required, and supplies the National Government and local governments with emergency equipments and materials. NEAT provides various exercise and training courses concerning nuclear disaster prevention to those personnel taking an active part in emergency response organizations at normal times. The tasks of NEAT, with its past experiences as a designated public institution including the responses to TEPCO's Fukushima Accident, have been shifted to technical supports to the national government for strengthening its abilities to emergency responses; the NEAT therefore focused on maintenance and operation of its functions, and strengthening its response abilities in cooperation with the national government. This annual report summarized these activities of JAEA/NEAT in the fiscal year 2012.
Nakanishi, Chika; Sato, Takeshi; Sato, Sohei; Nagai, Haruyasu; Kakefuda, Toyokazu; Katata, Genki; Tsuzuki, Katsunori; Ikeda, Takeshi; Okuno, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Kazuya; et al.
JAEA-Technology 2013-030, 105 Pages, 2013/10
JAEA-Technology-2013-030.pdf:29.0MB
North Korea carried out the third nuclear test in February 2013. Due to the request of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) and Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate (NSED) of JAEA predicted the atmospheric dispersion of radionuclide by WSPEEDI-II for the purpose of contributing to the environmental monitoring plan. From February 12 to 22, they provided daily reports on the prediction to the MEXT and the Ministry of Defense. MEXT has published these reports on the website. Since April 2012, NEAT and NSED had prepared to predict by the framework for the prediction around the clock during 10months until February 2013. This report described this experience and pointed issues out on this system.
Sato, Sohei; Yamamoto, Kazuya
JAEA-Review 2013-015, 89 Pages, 2013/07
JAEA-Review-2013-015.pdf:14.79MB
After the accident of TEPCO's Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station occurred on March 11, 2011, actions for controlling the accident and protective actions for the residents like evacuation were taken. In parallel with this, it has been developed to reform the nuclear regulatory systems and the emergency preparedness and response systems in Japan. Especially the Nuclear Regulation Authority's Nuclear Emergency Preparedness and Response Guidelines were adopted with the introducing the basic concepts and the criteria on the basis of the IAEA's safety standards and differed greatly from the prior guidelines. Thus the arrangement of emergency response systems, resources and the operational procedures will be developed complying with according to the guidelines in municipalities around the nuclear power station sites. This work attempts to provide a plain explanation as possible for the regional officials and emergency workers about the basic concepts of the new guidelines.
Katagiri, Hiromi; Okuno, Hiroshi; Okamoto, Akiko; Ikeda, Takeshi; Tamura, Kenichi; Nagakura, Tomohiro; Nakanishi, Chika; Yamamoto, Kazuya; Abe, Minako; Sato, Sohei; et al.
JAEA-Review 2012-033, 70 Pages, 2012/08
JAEA-Review-2012-033.pdf:6.38MB
When a nuclear emergency occurs in Japan, JAEA has the responsibility of providing technical support to the National government, local governments, etc., by the Basic Law on Emergency Preparedness and the Basic Plan for Disaster Countermeasures. NEAT of JAEA gives technical advice and information, dispatch specialists as required, supplies with the National Government and local governments emergency equipment and materials. NEAT provides various lectures and training courses concerning nuclear disaster prevention for emergency response organizations at normal time. Concerning the assistance to the Accident of Fukushima No.1 Nuclear Power Station caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March, 2011, JAEA assisted activities including environmental radiation monitoring, environmental radioactivity analyses, resident public consulting etc., with its the utmost effort. This annual report summarized these activities of NEAT in the fiscal year 2011.
Sato, Sohei; Yamamoto, Kazuya; Muto, Shigeo; Fukumoto, Masahiro; Katagiri, Hiromi
JAEA-Review 2011-049, 77 Pages, 2012/01
JAEA-Review-2011-049.pdf:13.24MB
The Tohoku District-off the Pacific Ocean Earthquake occurred at 14:46 on March 11, 2011. Tsunami caused by the earthquake attacked the Fukushima Dai-ichi and Fukushima Dai-ni Nuclear Power Stations of Tokyo Electric Power Company and nuclear accidents involving release of radioactive material occurred. Since the earthquake, Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) has served as a base of support activities conducted by Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). After nearly half a year has passed since the occurrence of the accident, we compiled the support activities of NEAT. NEAT's lessons learned and recommendations based on the experiences of support activities to the accident should be very helpful in considering the structure of nuclear emergency preparedness and response. We summarized them in this time. We hope that this report helps further developing nuclear emergency preparedness and response in the future.
Katagiri, Hiromi; Okuno, Hiroshi; Sawahata, Masayoshi; Ikeda, Takeshi; Sato, Sohei; Terakado, Naoya; Nagakura, Tomohiro; Nakanishi, Chika; Fukumoto, Masahiro; Yamamoto, Kazuya; et al.
JAEA-Review 2011-037, 66 Pages, 2011/12
JAEA-Review-2011-037.pdf:4.52MB
When a Nuclear emergency occurs, Nuclear Emergency Assistance & Training Center (NEAT) of JAEA gives technical advice and information, dispatch specialists as required, supplies emergency equipment and materials to the National Government and local governments. NEAT provides various lectures and training courses concerning nuclear disaster prevention for those personnel taking an active part in emergency response organizations at normal time. NEAT also researches on nuclear disaster prevention and cooperates with international organizations. Concerning about the assistance to the Accident of Fukushima No.1 Nuclear Power Station caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake at 11 March, 2011, JAEA assisted activities including environmental radiation monitoring, environmental radioactivity analyses, resident public consulting etc., with its full scale effort. NEAT served as the center of these supporting activities of JAEA.
Nakanishi, Chika; Sato, Sohei; Furuno, Akiko; Terada, Hiroaki; Nagai, Haruyasu; Muto, Shigeo
JAEA-Technology 2011-005, 141 Pages, 2011/03
JAEA-Technology-2011-005.pdf:6.13MB
Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) has developed the response system to evaluate the radiological consequences of an accident on a nuclear power plant or nuclear weapons testing around Japan and to support prediction of radioactive material distributions by using an atmospheric dispersion model on the framework of the Response Assistance Network (RANET) which is established by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). For the enhancement of assistance capability to external organizations at a nuclear or radiological emergency, NEAT will introduce a computer-based emergency response system, "Worldwide version of System for Prediction of Environmental Emergency Dose Information: WSPEEDI 2nd version (WSPEEDI-II)" developed by Division of Environmental and Radiation Sciences. This manual covers the overview of the system and configuration parameters as the basic knowledge needed for operating the systems.
Kanamori, Masashi; Shirakawa, Yusuke; Yamashita, Toshiyuki; Okuno, Hiroshi; Terunuma, Hiroshi; Ikeda, Takeshi; Sato, Sohei; Terakado, Naoya; Nagakura, Tomohiro; Fukumoto, Masahiro; et al.
JAEA-Review 2010-037, 60 Pages, 2010/09
JAEA-Review-2010-037.pdf:3.11MB
When a nuclear emergency occurs in Japan, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) provides technical support to the National government, local governments, police, fire station and license holder etc. They are designated public organizations conforming to the basic law on emergency preparedness and the basic plan for disaster countermeasures. The Nuclear Emergency Assistance & Training Center (NEAT) of JAEA provides a comprehensive range of technical support activities to an off-site center in case of a nuclear emergency. Specifically, NEAT gives technical advice and information, provides for the dispatch of specialist as required, supplies emergency equipments and materials to the national government and municipal office. NEAT provide various lectures and training course concerning nuclear disaster prevention for those personnel taking an active part in emergency response organizations at normal time. And NEAT researches on nuclear disaster prevention and also cooperate with international organizations. This annual report summarized the activities of JAEA/NEAT in the fiscal year 2009.
Kimura, Masanori; Sato, Sohei; Ishikawa, Jun; Homma, Toshimitsu
JAEA-Review 2010-011, 147 Pages, 2010/06
JAEA-Review-2010-011.pdf:1.66MB
The review report describes survey results of nuclear emergency preparedness and response in international organizations and foreign countries, and consideration results of technical issues on the "Guideline for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness" issued by the NSC. In order to respond to nuclear emergency more effectively, the guideline should show the basic concept of emergency preparedness and response for the period between the beginning of the nuclear accident and the termination of early protective measurements. In order to introduce these new concepts to the guideline, all necessary issues should be arranged and considered in reference to the recent trend for the concept of nuclear emergency preparedness and response in international organizations and foreign countries.
Sato, Sohei; Umemoto, Michitaka*; Homma, Toshimitsu
JAERI-Data/Code 2005-009, 114 Pages, 2005/09
JAERI-Data-Code-2005-009.pdf:6.64MB
JAERI has conducted the analytical studies on the PSA, the severe accidents, and the optimization of protective actions. Based on the results of these studies, JAERI is investigating the method for taking urgent protective actions more reasonably. If an accident occurs in a NPP, early protective actions are carried out. To implement these actions more effectively, emergency preparedness and emergency planning are important, and especially prompt evacuation is expected to reduce a large amount of radiation exposures. To examine the effect of early protective measures by using a PSA method, estimation of the parameter uncertainty related in the time for early protective actions is needed. For this purpose, we have developed an analytical method for urgent protective actions, and estimated the movement distance. This report provides a brief description of the method for estimating the movement distance, input data for this analysis, and the result. Moreover, the problem on the method of evacuation distance analysis and usefulness of this method for emergency planning were discussed.
