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Journal Articles

Multi-scale turbulence simulation suggesting improvement of electron heated plasma confinement

Maeyama, Shinya*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Nakata, Motoki*; Nunami, Masanori*; Asahi, Yuichi; Ishizawa, Akihiro*

Nature Communications (Internet), 13, p.3166_1 - 3166_8, 2022/06

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:92.8(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Turbulent transport is a key physics process for confining magnetic fusion plasma. Recent theoretical and experimental studies of existing fusion experimental devices revealed the existence of cross-scale interactions between small (electron)-scale and large (ion)-scale turbulence. Since conventional turbulent transport modelling lacks cross-scale interactions, it should be clarified whether cross-scale interactions are needed to be considered in future experiments on burning plasma, whose high electron temperature is sustained with fusion-born alpha particle heating. Here, we present supercomputer simulations showing that electron scale turbulence in high electron temperature plasma can affect the turbulent transport of not only electrons but also fuels and ash. Electron-scale turbulence disturbs the trajectories of resonant electrons responsible for ion-scale micro-instability and suppresses large-scale turbulent fluctuations. Simultaneously, ion-scale turbulent eddies also suppress electron-scale turbulence. These results indicate a mutually exclusive nature of turbulence with disparate scales. We demonstrate the possibility of reduced heat flux via cross-scale interactions.

Journal Articles

Compressing the time series of five dimensional distribution function data from gyrokinetic simulation using principal component analysis

Asahi, Yuichi; Fujii, Keisuke*; Heim, D. M.*; Maeyama, Shinya*; Garbet, X.*; Grandgirard, V.*; Sarazin, Y.*; Dif-Pradalier, G.*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Yagi, Masatoshi*

Physics of Plasmas, 28(1), p.012304_1 - 012304_21, 2021/01

AA2020-0790.pdf:7.13MB

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:44.85(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

This article demonstrates a data compression technique for the time series of five dimensional distribution function data based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Phase space bases and corresponding coefficients are constructed by PCA in order to reduce the data size and the dimensionality. It is shown that about 83% of the variance of the original five dimensional distribution can be expressed with 64 components. This leads to the compression of the degrees of freedom from $$1.3times 10^{12}$$ to $$1.4times 10^{9}$$. One of the important findings - resulting from the detailed analysis of the contribution of each principal component to the energy flux - deals with avalanche events, which are found to be mostly driven by coherent structures in the phase space, indicating the key role of resonant particles.

Journal Articles

Overlapping communications in gyrokinetic codes on accelerator-based platforms

Asahi, Yuichi*; Latu, G.*; Bigot, J.*; Maeyama, Shinya*; Grandgirard, V.*; Idomura, Yasuhiro

Concurrency and Computation; Practice and Experience, 32(5), p.e5551_1 - e5551_21, 2020/03

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:14.19(Computer Science, Software Engineering)

Two five-dimensional gyrokinetic codes GYSELA and GKV were ported to the modern accelerators, Xeon Phi KNL and Tesla P100 GPU. Serial computing kernels of GYSELA on KNL and GKV on P100 GPU were respectively 1.3x and 7.4x faster than those on a single Skylake processor. Scaling tests of GYSELA and GKV were respectively performed from 16 to 512 KNLs and from 32 to 256 P100 GPUs, and data transpose communications in semi-Lagrangian kernels in GYSELA and in convolution kernels in GKV were found to be main bottlenecks, respectively. In order to mitigate the communication costs, pipeline-based and task-based communication overlapping were implemented in these codes.

Journal Articles

Implementation of a gyrokinetic collision operator with an implicit time integration scheme and its computational performance

Maeyama, Shinya*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Nakata, Motoki*; Nunami, Masanori*

Computer Physics Communications, 235, p.9 - 15, 2019/02

 Times Cited Count:5 Percentile:46.98(Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications)

We have implemented the Sugama collision operator in the gyrokinetic Vlasov simulation code, GKV, with an implicit time-integration scheme. The new method is versatile and independent of the details of the linearized collision operator, by means of an operator splitting, an implicit time integrator, and an iterative Krylov subspace solver. Numerical tests demonstrate stable computation over the time step size restricted by the collision term. An efficient implementation for parallel computation on distributed memory systems is realized by using the data transpose communication, which makes the iterative solver free from inter-node communications during iteration. Consequently, the present approach achieves enhancement of computational efficiency and reduction of computational time to solution simultaneously, and significantly accelerates the total performance of the application.

Journal Articles

Cross-scale interactions between turbulence driven by electron and ion temperature gradients via sub-ion-scale structures

Maeyama, Shinya*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Nakata, Motoki*; Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Nunami, Masanori*

Nuclear Fusion, 57(6), p.066036_1 - 066036_10, 2017/05

 Times Cited Count:13 Percentile:63.66(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Multi-scale plasma turbulence including electron and ion temperature gradient (ETG/ITG) modes has been investigated by means of electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulations. Triad transfer analyses on nonlinear mode coupling reveal cross-scale interactions between electron and ion scales. One of the interactions is suppression of electron-scale turbulence by ion- scale turbulence, where ITG-driven short-wavelength eddies act like shear flows and suppress ETG turbulence. Another cross-scale interaction is enhancement of ion-scale turbulence in the presence of electron-scale turbulence. This is caused via short-wavelength zonal flows, which are created by the response of passing kinetic electrons in ITG turbulence, suppress ITG turbulence by their shearing, and are damped by ETG turbulence. In both cases, sub-ion-scale structures between electron and ion scales play important roles in the cross-scale interactions.

Journal Articles

Impact of plasma parameter on self-organization of electron temperature gradient driven turbulence

Kawai, Chika*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Maeyama, Shinya*; Ogawa, Yuichi*

Physics of Plasmas, 24(4), p.042303_1 - 042303_13, 2017/04

AA2017-0111.pdf:7.14MB

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:10.79(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Self-organization in the slab electron temperature gradient driven (ETG) turbulence is investigated based on gyrokinetic simulations and the Hasegawa-Mima (HM) equation. The scale and the anisotropy of self-organized turbulent structures vary depending on the Rhines scale and the characteristic scale given by the adiabatic response term in the HM equation. The former is determined by competition between the linear wave dispersion and the nonlinear turbulent cascade, while the latter is given as the scale, at which the turbulent cascade is impeded. These scales are controlled by plasma parameters such as the density and temperature gradient, and the temperature ratio of ion to electron. It is found that depending on the plasma parameters, the ETG turbulence shows either isotropic turbulence or zonal flows, which give significantly different transport levels. Although the modulational instability excites zonal modes regardless of the plasma parameters, the final turbulent structure is determined by the self-organization process.

Journal Articles

Progress report of Japanese simulation research projects using the high-performance computer system Helios in the International Fusion Energy Research Centre

Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Imadera, Kenji*; Kasuya, Naohiro*; Kanno, Ryutaro*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Tatsuno, Tomoya*; Nakata, Motoki*; Nunami, Masanori*; Maeyama, Shinya*; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 92(3), p.157 - 210, 2016/03

The high-performance computer system Helios which is located at The Computational Simulation Centre (CSC) in The International Fusion Energy Research Centre (IFERC) started its operation in January 2012 under the Broader Approach (BA) agreement between Japan and the EU. The Helios system has been used for magnetised fusion related simulation studies in the EU and Japan and has kept high average usage rate. As a result, the Helios system has contributed to many research products in a wide range of research areas from core plasma physics to reactor material and reactor engineering. This project review gives a short catalogue of domestic simulation research projects. First, we outline the IFERC-CSC project. After that, shown are objectives of the research projects, numerical schemes used in simulation codes, obtained results and necessary computations in future.

Journal Articles

Improved strong scaling of a spectral/finite difference gyrokinetic code for multi-scale plasma turbulence

Maeyama, Shinya; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Nakata, Motoki; Nunami, Masanori*; Ishizawa, Akihiro*

Parallel Computing, 49, p.1 - 12, 2015/11

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:52.96(Computer Science, Theory & Methods)

Journal Articles

Cross-scale interactions between electron and ion scale turbulence in a tokamak plasma

Maeyama, Shinya*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Nakata, Motoki*; Yagi, Masatoshi; Miyato, Naoaki; Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Nunami, Masanori*

Physical Review Letters, 114(25), p.255002_1 - 255002_5, 2015/06

 Times Cited Count:84 Percentile:95.04(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Multiscale gyrokinetic turbulence simulations with the real ion-to-electron mass ratio and $$beta$$ value are realized for the first time, where the $$beta$$ value is given by the ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic pressure and characterizes electromagnetic effects on microinstabilities. Numerical analysis at both the electron scale and the ion scale is used to reveal the mechanism of their cross-scale interactions. Even with the real- mass scale separation, ion-scale turbulence eliminates electron-scale streamers and dominates heat transport, not only of ions but also of electrons. When the ion-scale modes are stabilized by finite-$$beta$$ effects, the contribution of the electron-scale dynamics to the turbulent transport becomes non-negligible and turns out to enhance ion-scale turbulent transport.

Journal Articles

Electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulation of turbulence in torus plasmas

Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Maeyama, Shinya; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Sugama, Hideo*; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*

Journal of Plasma Physics, 81(2), p.435810203_1 - 435810203_41, 2015/04

 Times Cited Count:28 Percentile:81.76(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Journal Articles

Breakthrough in plasma turbulence research with progress of high performance computing

Maeyama, Shinya

RIST News, (57), p.15 - 23, 2014/07

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Exploring phase space turbulence in magnetic fusion plasmas

Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Maeyama, Shinya; Nakata, Motoki; Sugama, Hideo*; Nunami, Masanori*; Ishizawa, Akihiro*

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 510, p.012045_1 - 012045_11, 2014/05

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:49.94

Plasma turbulence accompanied with fluctuations of the distribution function and the electromagnetic fields develops on the phase space composed of the configuration space and the velocity space. Detailed structures of the distribution function in magnetic fusion plasmas are investigated by means of gyrokinetic simulations performed on massively parallel supercomputers. The gyrokinetic simulations of drift wave turbulence have demonstrated entropy transfer in the phase space, zonal flow enhancement by helical fields and the resultant transport reduction. The state-of-the-art high performance computing is utilized for a multi- scale turbulence simulation covering ion- and electron-scales and for a global-scale simulation of turbulent transport in a sub-ITER sized plasma.

Journal Articles

Comparison between kinetic-ballooning-mode-driven turbulence and ion-temperature-gradient-driven turbulence

Maeyama, Shinya; Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Nakata, Motoki; Miyato, Naoaki; Yagi, Masatoshi; Idomura, Yasuhiro

Physics of Plasmas, 21(5), p.052301_1 - 052301_12, 2014/05

 Times Cited Count:15 Percentile:59.37(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Journal Articles

Electromagnetic gyrokinetic turbulence in finite-beta helical plasmas

Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Sugama, Hideo*; Maeyama, Shinya; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*

Physics of Plasmas, 21(5), p.055905_1 - 055905_10, 2014/05

 Times Cited Count:16 Percentile:63.49(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Journal Articles

Local gyrokinetic Vlasov simulations with realistic tokamak MHD equilibria

Nakata, Motoki; Matsuyama, Akinobu; Aiba, Nobuyuki; Maeyama, Shinya; Nunami, Masanori*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 9, p.1403029_1 - 1403029_12, 2014/04

A local gyrokinetic Vlasov simulation code GKV is extended to incorporate realistic tokamak equilibria including up-down asymmetry, which are produced by a free-boundary 2D Grad-Shafranov equation solver MEUDAS. The developed codes have been verified by a cross-code benchmark test using Cyclone-base-case like MHD equilibrium, where good agreement in the dispersion relation of ion temperature gradient (ITG) driven mode has been confirmed. The extended GKV is applied to two types of shaped plasmas expected in JT-60SA tokamak devices, i.e., ITER-like and highly-shaped plasmas, and ITG-mode stability and residual zonal-flow level are investigated. Through the detailed comparisons, more favorable stability properties against the ITG mode are revealed for the highly-shaped case, where the lower ITG-mode growth rate and higher residual zonal-flow levels compared to the ITER-like case are identified.

Journal Articles

Kinetic ballooning mode turbulence simulation based on electromagnetic gyrokinetics

Maeyama, Shinya; Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Nakata, Motoki; Miyato, Naoaki; Idomura, Yasuhiro

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 9, p.1203020_1 - 1203020_3, 2014/03

Journal Articles

Numerical techniques for parallel dynamics in electromagnetic gyrokinetic Vlasov simulations

Maeyama, Shinya; Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*; Iio, Shunji*; Tsutsui, Hiroaki*

Computer Physics Communications, 184(11), p.2462 - 2473, 2013/11

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:69.87(Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications)

Journal Articles

Computation-communication overlap techniques for parallel spectral calculations in gyrokinetic Vlasov simulations

Maeyama, Shinya; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Nakata, Motoki; Nunami, Masanori*; Ishizawa, Akihiro*

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 8, p.1403150_1 - 1403150_8, 2013/11

Journal Articles

Gyrokinetic turbulence simulations of high-beta tokamak and helical plasmas with full-kinetic and hybrid models

Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Maeyama, Shinya; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Sugama, Hideo*; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*

Nuclear Fusion, 53(5), p.053007_1 - 053007_13, 2013/05

 Times Cited Count:24 Percentile:72.51(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Journal Articles

Turbulent transport due to kinetic ballooning modes in high-beta toroidal plasmas

Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Maeyama, Shinya; Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Sugama, Hideo*; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*

Proceedings of 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2012) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2012/10

60 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)