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Kanda, Reiko*; Homma, Toshimitsu*; Takahara, Shogo; Tsubokura, Masaharu*; Osako, Masahiro*; Kawaguchi, Isao*; Kato, Takaaki*
Risukugaku Kenkyu, 30(3), p.133 - 139, 2021/04
Almost ten years have passed since Fukushima nuclear accident. Our experience should be used to improve current emergency protective measures and preparedness. A review of the protective measures implemented in the aftermath of Fukushima nuclear accident has revealed problems such as paternalistic intervention for inhabitants and increased health risks due to the evacuation of vulnerable groups. The risk trade-offs in environmental recovery actions are more complex and ongoing; the stakeholders are the next generation and residents outside of the prefecture. Since one of the characteristics of nuclear disasters is the distance and time dependency of the risk, countless individual cases need to be addressed. While generalization of protective measures is essential, the appropriate deployment of personnel in a variety of roles may require to really address individual cases. To improve nuclear emergency preparedness in the future, it is necessary to incorporate both a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach in a well-balanced manner.
Nishikawa, Masashi*; Kato, Takaaki*; Homma, Toshimitsu; Takahara, Shogo
Environmental Science & Policy, 55(Part 1), p.11 - 19, 2016/01
Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：36.6(Environmental Sciences)Kato, Takaaki*; Takahara, Shogo; Homma, Toshimitsu
Journal of Disaster Research, 10(4), p.627 - 634, 2015/08
Takahara, Shogo; Kato, Takaaki*; Homma, Toshimitsu
Hoken Butsuri, 48(4), p.180 - 192, 2013/12
The monetary value of the person-sievert is a key element in implementing the optimization principle of the radiation protection. The objective of this paper are to evaluate the country-specific monetary value of the person-sievert reflecting the economic and population characteristics in Japan. When we calculated the monetary values of the person-sievert in Japan using human capital method and willingness to pay approach, the values were around several million yen/person-Sv and 20 million yen/person-Sv, respectively. In addition, we reviewed the cost of radiological protective measures per person-sievert avoided. As the results of comparing the cost and benefit, the costs of radiological protective measures to reduce the concentration of radon in homes and to protect workers in nuclear facilities were balanced with the benefit. On the other hand, the costs of radionuclide emission control measures at industrial facilities tend to be higher than the benefit of those measures.
Kato, Takaaki*; Takahara, Shogo; Nishikawa, Masashi*; Homma, Toshimitsu
Energy Policy, 59, p.808 - 818, 2013/08
Times Cited Count：26 Percentile：78.34(Economics)This case study of the areas that host Kashiwazaki Kariwa NPP compares local citizens' attitude towards the benefits and the drawbacks of hosting the NPP. In December 2011, our survey respondents became more negative about hosting the NPP after the Fukushima accident in March 2011 compared to the survey in January 2010. Another comparison between the November 2005 and the December 2011 surveys provided a different look. The magnitude of the negative shift in Kariwa Village, which saw a large expansion of social welfare programs, was modest in the sense that its 2011 results were similar to its 2005 results. Local tax revenues, subsidies from the national government and the donation from a utility contributed to this budget expansion in Kariwa. The negative shifts from 2005 to 2011 were clear in the other two municipalities which did not see such a large expansion of economic benefits during this period.
Hiwatari, Ryoji*; Okano, Kunihiko*; Asaoka, Yoshiyuki*; Nagano, Koji*; Ogawa, Yuichi*; Kato, Takaaki*; Tobita, Kenji; Norimatsu, Takayoshi*
Denryoku Chuo Kenkyusho Hokoku (L07012), P. 34, 2008/07
Key to take public acceptance into account on the energy system is how to evaluate and compare quantitatively the merits and the demerits of each energy system from the public viewpoint. For this purpose, a method to evaluate the property of energy technology is developed based on the conjoint analysis technique. Based on the statistical method, utility values for energy abundance, environmental load (i.e. CO
emission), stability of supply, sense of security, and other features as well as economic performance, are estimated from several thousands of choice experiments to more than 1600 respondents volunteered in the study. The basic methodology developed in this study establishes the first step to assess energy technology quantitatively on a common standard, and needs further integration with other factors, such as waste generation other than CO emission.
Kato, Takaaki*; Takahara, Shogo; Homma, Toshimitsu
no journal, ,
A neighboring area of a Japanese nuclear power station was survey before and after a powerful earthquake shock in 2007. The 2007 earthquake tended to improve the cognitions of the merits of KKNPS among the local people. After the earth quake, more people were aware of the risk and inconveniences during normal operation of the power station, but no increase was detected in the share of people worrying about accidents. A unit of economic incentive after the earthquake was at least as effective as before as a compensation for the demerits of hosting that power station in the area surveyed.
Takahara, Shogo; Kato, Takaaki*; Kimura, Masanori; Iijima, Masashi; Homma, Toshimitsu
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Takahara, Shogo; Kato, Takaaki*; Kimura, Masanori; Nishikawa, Masashi*; Homma, Toshimitsu
no journal, ,
The monetary values based on the WTP approach are subject to people's perceptions related to the controllability, the extent of voluntary acceptance and the level of own responsibility. Such effects are called "context effects." In the present study, to clarify the context effects on the WTP-based monetary values for reducing risks of radiation exposures in nuclear accidents, a contingent valuation survey was conducted in vicinity areas of Japanese nuclear power sites before the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. From the results of the survey, it was confirmed the WTP for the reduction of the mortality risks of fatal cancer induced by radiation exposures in a nuclear accident is lower than the WTPs for the reducing risks of fatal cancer from the other causes. Consequently, the WTP for the reducing risks due to nuclear accidents was found to be subject to the context effects in terms of the responsibility for reducing risks.
Takahara, Shogo; Kimura, Masanori; Homma, Toshimitsu; Kato, Takaaki*; Nishikawa, Masashi*
no journal, ,
To assess distributions of individual doses from external exposures to the population groups living in the affected areas due to the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station Accident, probabilistic dose assessments were performed based on the model developed by previous studies taking into account the experience of the Chernobyl accident. The distributions of individual doses were gained as the composite distribution of ambient dose equivalent rates and fractions of time spent at outdoors. The distributions of these parameters were determined based on the results of measurements in Fukushima City. The dose distributions obtained from probabilistic assessments were in good agreement with the measured ones for the population groups living in the area where ambient dose equivalents are low. In order to assess the doses accurately to the population living in the areas where doses are high, further investigations will be needed to evaluate location factors.
