Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Three-dimensional imaging test for a head module of a Si/CdTe Compton camera for medical application

Yamaguchi, Mitsutaka; Kawachi, Naoki; Kamiya, Tomihiro; Sato, Takahiro; Suzui, Nobuo; Fujimaki, Shu; Odaka, Hirokazu*; Ishikawa, Shinnosuke*; Kokubun, Motohide*; Watanabe, Shin*; et al.

JAEA-Review 2011-043, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2010, P. 145, 2012/01

https://doi.org/10.11484/jaea-review-2011-043

no abstracts in English

Realization of a phase bunching effect for minimization of beam phase width in a central region of an AVF cyclotron

Miyawaki, Nobumasa; Fukuda, Mitsuhiro*; Kurashima, Satoshi; Okumura, Susumu; Kashiwagi, Hirotsugu; Nara, Takayuki; Ishibori, Ikuo; Yoshida, Kenichi; Yokota, Wataru; Nakamura, Yoshiteru*; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 636(1), p.41 - 47, 2011/04

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.174

A phase bunching effect has been achieved for the first time using a rising slope of the dee voltage waveform produced at the first acceleration gap between the RF shielding cover of the inflector and the puller in the new central region of the JAEA AVF cyclotron. The feasibility of the phase bunching effect in the central region for a two-dee system with a span angle of 86 in three acceleration harmonic modes was assessed by a simple geometrical analysis of particle trajectories and a three-dimensional beam orbit simulation. The simulation indicated that the initial beam phase width of 40 RF degrees is compressed to 11 RF degrees in the second harmonic mode. A phase width of 1.5 RF degrees FWHM for a 260 MeV Ne beam accelerated in the second harmonic mode was reduced by the bunching effect, compared with the beam phase width of 7.3 RF degrees FWHM in the same harmonic mode for a 10 MeV H beam accelerated in the original central region.

29th report of ITPA topical group meeting

Isayama, Akihiko; Sakakibara, Satoru*; Furukawa, Masaru*; Matsunaga, Go; Yamazaki, Kozo*; Watanabe, Kiyomasa*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; Tanaka, Kenji*; Tamura, Naoki*; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 86(6), p.374 - 377, 2010/06

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/40017204455

no abstracts in English

Single-turn extraction from a K110 AVF cyclotron by flat-top acceleration

Kurashima, Satoshi; Miyawaki, Nobumasa; Okumura, Susumu; Ishibori, Ikuo; Nara, Takayuki; Agematsu, Takashi; Yoshida, Kenichi; Yokota, Wataru; Nakamura, Yoshiteru*; Arakawa, Kazuo; et al.

Review of Scientific Instruments, 80(3), p.033302_1 - 033302_9, 2009/03

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3093810

Single-turn extraction from the JAEA AVF cyclotron with a K number of 110 using a flat-top (FT) acceleration system has been achieved to reduce the energy spread of an ion beam for microbeam formation with energy up to hundreds of MeV and to increase extraction efficiency from the cyclotron. In order to generate an FT waveform voltage using the fifth-harmonic frequency on a dee electrode, an FT resonator was designed using MAFIA code to achieve downsizing and low power consumption. The FT resonator, coupled to the main resonator through a coupling capacitor, covered the full range of the fifth harmonic frequency from 55 to 110 MHz. Various ion beams, accelerated using different acceleration harmonic mode of h = 1 and 2, such as 220 MeV C (h = 2), 260 MeV Ne (h = 2), and 45 MeV H (h = 1) were developed by FT acceleration. A clear turn separation of the beam bunches was successfully observed at the extraction region of the large-scale AVF cyclotron with number of revolutions greater than 200. As a result, high extraction efficiency (over 95%) from the cyclotron was achieved. Single-turn extraction was confirmed by counting the number of beam bunches out of the cyclotron for an injected beam pulsed by a beam chopping system in the injection line. The energy spread of the 260 MeV Ne beam was measured using an analyzing magnet and we verified a reduction of the energy spread from E/E = 0.1% to 0.05% by single-turn extraction.

Basic characteristics of a newly developed Si/CdTe Compton camera for medical imaging

Kawachi, Naoki; Watanabe, Shigeki; Sato, Takahiro; Arakawa, Kazuo; Takeda, Shinichiro*; Ishikawa, Shinnosuke*; Aono, Hiroyuki*; Watanabe, Shin*; Yamaguchi, Mitsutaka*; Takahashi, Tadayuki*; et al.

2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (CD-ROM), p.1540 - 1543, 2008/10

Status report on JAERI-AVF cyclotron system

Nakamura, Yoshiteru; Nara, Takayuki; Agematsu, Takashi; Ishibori, Ikuo; Kurashima, Satoshi; Fukuda, Mitsuhiro; Okumura, Susumu; Yokota, Wataru; Yoshida, Kenichi; Miyawaki, Nobumasa; et al.

Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (CYCLOTRONS 2004), p.157 - 159, 2005/00

The AVF cyclotron system at JAERI Takasaki has been smoothly operated for 13 years since 1991. This system continues to deliver various ion species with very frequent alterations of operational conditions. In order to provide a heavy ion beam with energy spread of 0.02 % required for microbeam production, we have developed a flat-top acceleration system, an additional buncher driven by saw-tooth wave, and improved the central region of the cyclotron. An old gradient corrector of passive type was replaced by a new gradient corrector with an active coil inside to obtain complete matching between the trunk beam line and extraction trajectory from the cyclotron. A compact ion source with a set of movable permanent magnet was designed to produce mainly light ions, which will be replaced the existing multi-cusp ion source in future.

Instrumentation for measurement of beam energy spread

Okumura, Susumu; Miyawaki, Nobumasa; Kurashima, Satoshi; Yoshida, Kenichi; Fukuda, Mitsuhiro; Ishibori, Ikuo; Agematsu, Takashi; Nara, Takayuki; Nakamura, Yoshiteru; Arakawa, Kazuo

Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (CYCLOTRONS 2004), p.410 - 412, 2005/00

A simple analyzing system has been developed to measure the energy spread of the beam extracted from the JAERI AVF cyclotron with an energy resolution of dE/E = 0.001%. The high analyzing power can be obtained with an existing deflecting magnet system in the transport line by installing three sets of slits with a minimum width of 0.01 mm and a beam intensity monitor with a Faraday cup and semiconductor detectors. These new instruments have been compactly designed to fulfill the geometrical condition of the existing beam diagnostic chambers, which are located at the object and image positions. Installation of the analyzing system was completed and a preliminary test has been carried out. This system will be used for optimization of the flat-top acceleration system to achieve the energy spread of dE/E = 0.02%, required for microbeam production.

Flat-top acceleration system for the JAERI AVF cyclotron

Kurashima, Satoshi; Fukuda, Mitsuhiro; Miyawaki, Nobumasa; Okumura, Susumu; Nara, Takayuki; Agematsu, Takashi; Ishibori, Ikuo; Yoshida, Kenichi; Arakawa, Kazuo; Nakamura, Yoshiteru

Proceedings of 1st Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan and 29th Linear Accelerator Meeting in Japan, p.266 - 268, 2004/08

no abstracts in English

Operation and maintenance for JAERI AVF cyclotron system

Nakamura, Yoshiteru; Nara, Takayuki; Agematsu, Takashi; Ishibori, Ikuo; Kurashima, Satoshi; Fukuda, Mitsuhiro; Okumura, Susumu; Yokota, Wataru; Arakawa, Kazuo; Miyawaki, Nobumasa; et al.

KEK Proceedings 2003-19, p.8 - 13, 2004/03

Takasaki Ion Accelerators for Advanced Radiation Application (TIARA) facility at JAERI Takasaki was constructed to promote the various researches of wide field for materials science and biotechnology. The AVF cyclotron system, which is the one of four ion accelerators in TIARA, has been smoothly operated without any serious troubles since the first beam extraction in March 1991. The operation time for a year is about 3200 hours on an average through recent 8 years. In especial, the cyclotron system is needed the frequent alteration of operation condition according to many kinds of ion species required from the experimenters. On the other hand, because of the improvement of the beam quality, intensity and reliability, we have carried out continuously so far many reconstruction and development, several items of which are the renewal of a computer control system, reinforcement of the ion source, acceleration technique for some series of cocktail beams, stabilization of the cyclotron beam and design of a new gradient corrector including an active coil. Furthermore, now we are advancing various countermeasure to form the micro beam of 1mm size by means of focused type, such as the introduction of a flat-top acceleration system, reconstruction of the cyclotron center region, installation of a pair of precise micro slit systems in the trunk beam transport line, and so on.