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JAEA Reports

Development of a "scroll pump operation status monitoring system(SCP-MS)" for use at a synchrotron radiation beamline

Yamaoka, Shingo; Shimizu, Yuka*; Fukuda, Yoshihiro*; Shobu, Takahisa; Konishi, Hiroyuki

JAEA-Technology 2014-027, 21 Pages, 2014/08

JAEA-Technology-2014-027.pdf:28.95MB

At SPring-8 synchrotron radiation beamlines, it is essential to maintain a vacuum between the radiation source and the experimental station. This is achieved by using scroll pumps and turbo molecular pumps. However, scroll pump malfunctions have been reported at BL22XU. Since many of the pumps are located inside radiation-shielding hutches, malfunctions often go un-noticed. As a result, operations can continue despite the malfunction. To facilitate the early detection of scroll pump malfunctions, we have developed a "scroll pump operating status monitoring system (SCP-MS)". The system simultaneously measures motor current and vacuum pressure at the scroll pump. It is possible to monitor pumps from outside of the shielding hutch, something which was not possible until now. The (SCP-MS) has been installed to monitor scroll pumps in actual operation, to monitor the change of the motor current value and vacuum pressure. We report on the detail of the system.

JAEA Reports

A Guide to dispersive XAFS measurements at BL14B1 in SPring-8

Okajima, Yuka; Matsumura, Daiju; Nishihata, Yasuo; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Mizuki, Junichiro

JAEA-Technology 2009-058, 45 Pages, 2009/12

JAEA-Technology-2009-058.pdf:5.95MB

From 2004 to 2006, the Dispersive XAFS system was constructed at JAEA beamline BL14B1 in SPring-8, and has been developed. Recently, the application of this system to materials science started. We report on the outline of this Dispersive XAFS system and explain its operations.

Journal Articles

${it Ex-situ}$ and ${it in-situ}$ X-ray diffractions of corrosion products freshly formed on the surface of an iron-silicon alloy

Suzuki, Shigeru*; Matsubara, Eiichiro*; Komatsu, Takuya*; Okamoto, Yoshinori*; Kanie, Kiyoshi*; Muramatsu, Atsushi*; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Mizuki, Junichiro; Waseda, Yoshio*

Corrosion Science, 49(3), p.1081 - 1096, 2007/03

 Times Cited Count:32 Percentile:80.51(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

${it Ex-situ}$ X-ray diffraction measurements of a small amount of samples extracted from wet corrosion products freshly formed on a pure iron and iron-2 mass% silicon surfaces have been conducted using synchrotron radiation. The results showed that $$gamma$$-FeOOH was formed on the outer side of wet corrosion products formed on the pure iron by sodium chloride solution, while $$gamma$$-FeOOH, $$alpha$$-FeOOH, Fe$$_{3}$$O$$_{4}$$, and green rusts were formed on the inner side. In comparison to the case of the pure iron, a significant formation of $$beta$$-FeOOH was observed in the iron-silicon alloy. Furthermore, in-situ diffraction measurements by a conventional X-ray source were conducted for analyzing corrosion products formed on the pure iron and iron-silicon alloy surfaces by cyclic exposure to wet and dry atmospheres. The results obtained by the ${it in-situ}$ diffraction and ${it ex-situ}$ diffraction measurements on the corrosion products were consistent.

Journal Articles

Energy dispersive XAFS in the high energy region at BL14B1, SPring-8

Okajima, Yuka; Matsumura, Daiju; Nishihata, Yasuo; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Mizuki, Junichiro

AIP Conference Proceedings 879, p.1234 - 1237, 2007/01

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Wide band energy beamline using Si(111) crystal monochromators at BL22XU in SPring-8

Shobu, Takahisa; Tozawa, Kazukiyo*; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Inami, Toshiya; Harami, Taikan; Mizuki, Junichiro

AIP Conference Proceedings 879, p.902 - 906, 2007/01

BL22XU with undulator is consisted of one optical hutch and three experimental hutches and about 120m in length. The aim of this beamline is to perform diffraction and absorption experiment with anomalous dispersion, the high pressure experiments at high or low temperature with multi-anvil type and diamond-anvil type high pressure system and stress measurements. The energy region from 3 to 70keV and high flux of X-rays were required to satisfy these experimental conditions. Then we installed two kinds of monochromator by employing Si (111) crystals. One is SPring-8 "standard" double crystal monochromators to make low-energy X-rays from 3 to 37keV (L-mono), the other is double crystal monochromators, mechanically separated, but combined with calculation to make high-energy X-rays from 36 to 72keV (H-mono). These monochromators were arranged in the tandem for optics. L-mono can be used by lowering the first crystal of the H-mono, on the other hand the H-mono can be used by lifting the whole of L-mono. The liquid nitrogen is used for cooling the crystals, and as a result the high quality monochromatized X-rays is obtained. At the position of 115m from undulator, the beam size is 2.5 mm (vertical) $$times$$ 3.5 mm (horizontal) (FWHM) and the flux is estimated to be 3 $$times$$ 10$$^{13}$$ photon/s. But the stability of X-rays is rather poor because of the vibration caused by nitrogen liquid cooling system. The vertical position of X-rays changes by about 0.2 mm in a few minutes of periods, and the intensity of X-rays varies at about 10%. The stable X-rays within a limitation of accuracy can be obtained by using Monochromator stabilization, so called MOSTAB, which is a feedback control system.

Journal Articles

Strain measurements using high energy white X-rays at SPring-8

Shobu, Takahisa; Kaneko, Hiroshi; Mizuki, Junichiro; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Shibano, Junichi*; Hirata, Tomoyuki*; Suzuki, Kenji*

AIP Conference Proceedings 879, p.1581 - 1585, 2007/01

The third generation synchrotron X-ray source such as SPring-8 provides us intense beams of high energy X-rays. The techniques of non-destructive internal residual stress measurement for industrial applications are well established by angle dispersive diffractometry with high energy synchrotron radiation and provide valuable information. The energy dispersive diffraction techniques using white radiation is the advantage of a stress measurement compared with the angular dispersive one. For example, the multitudes of reflections recorded in one spectrum offers additional information that can be used for stress gradient evaluation. The purpose of present study is to apply high energy white X-rays to the measurement of the residual strain in the bulk specimen. The experiment was carried out on the beamline BL14B1 at SPring-8. A diffraction pattern was collected by a Ge Solid State Detector (SSD) mounted on the arm of a 2-axes diffractometer behind two sets of secondary collimating slits. The beam size of white X-rays was 0.05 $$times$$ 0.3 mm$$^{2}$$. The specimens were JIS-S45C carbon steel and JIS-SUS304 austenitic stainless steel with a thickness of 5mm. The bending stress was applied with the four-point bending and the strain at the surface of the specimen was measured by a strain gauge as shown in the figure. X-rays diffraction measurement was carried out simultaneously. The figure shows each diffraction profile of SUS304 taken with white X-rays. The strain was calculated by the ratio of the energy shift to the peak energy. Though many peaks appeared in every measured positions Y, each diffraction pattern depended on the number and the orientation of crystal grains in irradiated volume by X-rays. The calculated strain by using a single peak is depending on peak quality. The accurate internal stress can be obtained with white X-rays by selecting the peak at high energy, high peak counts and close to Gaussian peak profile.

Journal Articles

Synchrotron radiation study on structure of atmospheric corrosion products formed on steel surfaces

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Masato*; Mizuki, Junichiro; Uchida, Hitoshi*

Characterization of Corrosion Products on Steel Surfaces, p.199 - 222, 2006/00

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Evaluation of subsurface distribution of residual stress in austenitic stainless steel using strain scanning method

Shobu, Takahisa; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Mizuki, Junichiro; Suzuki, Kenji*; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Akiniwa, Yoshiaki*; Tanaka, Keisuke*

Materials Science Forum, 524-525, p.691 - 696, 2006/00

The strain scanning method was applied to the evaluation of the subsurface distribution of the residual stress beneath the shot-peened surface of an austenitic stainless steel SUS304L which had coarse grains and preferred orientation. The experiment was performed at beam line BL22XU at SPring-8 using monochromatic X-rays of 70.14 keV and a Ge (111) analyzer. The specimens were annealed or shot-peened and the grain size was about 0.037mm. In order to obtain the diffractions from an enough number of grains, various types of oscillation methods, which were translation, rotation and tilting of the specimen, were examined. The translational oscillation was found to be enough to obtain the accurate strain distribution. By combining the translational oscillation method with the correction to the surface aberration, the subsurface distribution of the residual stress of shot-peened austenitic stainless steel was successfully determined.

Journal Articles

X-ray absorption fine structure spectra of rust layers on Fe-based binary alloys exposed to Cl-rich environment

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Masato*; Uchida, Hitoshi*; Mizuki, Junichiro

Proceedings of 16th International Corrosion Congress (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2005/09

XANES measurements of rust layers formed on Fe, Fe-Cr alloys and Fe-Ni alloys exposed to a Cl-rich atmosphere have been performed using synchrotron radiation in order to clarify the relation between the structural properties of the rust layer on weathering steel and anticorrosive alloying elements and/or chloride ions. The XANES spectra around Cl K-edge revealed that the rust layer on the Fe-based binary alloys contains unidentified chloride in addition to akagan$'e$iteite. The Fe K-edge XANES results indicated that the rust layers are composed mainly of well-known iron oxides, goethite, akagan$'e$ite, lepidocrocite and magnetite. In particular, the mole ratio of akagan$'e$ite in the rust layers on the Fe-Ni alloys is relatively higher than that of the Fe-Cr alloys. The Cr K-edge XANES spectra of the rust layers on the Fe-Cr alloys depends on the Cr alloy content. Therefore, the local structure of Cr in the rust layer is variable with the Cr density. In contrast, the Ni K-edge XANES results show that the local structure of Ni in the rust layer are unique in a certain Ni content range.

Journal Articles

Characterization of rust layer formed on Fe, Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr alloys exposed to Cl-rich environment by Cl and Fe K-edge XANES measurements

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Masato*; Uchida, Hitoshi*; Mizuki, Junichiro

Materials Transactions, 46(2), p.329 - 336, 2005/02

 Times Cited Count:28 Percentile:80.47(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Chloride in atmosphere considerably reduces the corrosion resistance of conventional weathering steel containing a small amount of Cr. Ni is an effective anticorrosive element for improving the corrosion resistance of steel in a Cl-rich environment. In order to clarify the structure of the protective rust layer of weathering steel, Cl and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra of atmospheric corrosion products (rust) formed on Fe, Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr alloys exposed to Cl-rich atmosphere were measured. The Fe K-XANES measurements enable the characterization of a mixture of iron oxides such as rust. The chemical composition of the rust was determined by performing pattern fitting of the measured spectra. All the rust is composed mainly of goethite, akagan$'e$ite, lepidocrocite and magnetite. Among these iron oxides, akagan$'e$ite in particular is the major component in the rust. Additionally, the amount of akagan$'e$ite in the rust of Fe-Ni alloy is much greater than that in rust of Fe-Cr alloy. Akagan$'e$ite is generally considered to facilitate the corrosion of steel, but our results indicate that akagan$'e$ite in the rust of Fe-Ni alloy is quantitatively different from that in rust of Fe-Cr alloy and does not facilitate the corrosion of steel. The shoulder peak observed in Cl K-XANES spectra reveals that the rust contains a chloride other than akagan$'e$ite. The energy of the shoulder peak does not correspond to that of any well-known chlorides. In the measured spectra, there is no proof that Cl, by combining with the alloying element, inhibits the alloying element from acting in corrosion resistance. The shoulder peak appears only when the content of the alloying element is lower than a certain value. This suggests that the generation of the unidentified chloride is related to the corrosion rate of steel.

Journal Articles

Structure analysis of cation selective Cr-goethite as protective rust of weathering steel

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Masato*; Uchida, Hitoshi*; Mizuki, Junichiro

Materials Transactions, 46(2), p.337 - 341, 2005/02

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:57.4(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We have performed extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis for artificial Cr-goethite to elucidate the local structure around Cr in Cr-goethite. The spectra were obtained using synchrotron radiation X-rays at the Photon Factory in Tsukuba. The first shell contributions were isolated by Fourier filtering the EXAFS data, and the inverse Fourier transformed single-shell data were analyzed using curve fitting method. The results show that Cr is coordinated with (7$$pm$$1) O$$^{2-}$$ ions. The protective character of Cr-goethite protective rust layer on weathering steel can be interpreted in terms of the O$$^{2-}$$ coordination around Cr$$^{3+}$$ resulting in creation of negative fixed-charge in the Cr-goethite particles.

Journal Articles

Difference between Cr and Ni K-edge XANES spectra of rust layers formed on Fe-based binary alloys exposed to Cl-rich environment

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Masato*; Uchida, Hitoshi*; Mizuki, Junichiro

Materials Transactions, 46(1), p.136 - 139, 2005/01

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:25.85(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The rust layer formed on weathering steel possesses a strong protective ability against corrosives in an atmosphere. This ability is related to the structure of the rust layer. The difference in the protective ability of a rust layer in a Cl-rich environment between conventional weathering steel containing Cr and advanced weathering steel containing Ni is believed to be caused by the differences in local structural and chemical properties between alloying elements, Cr and Ni, in the rust layer. In order to examine the effect of these alloying elements on the structure of the rust layer formed on steel in a Cl-rich environment, we have performed Cr and Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) measurements for the rust layer of Fe-Cr and Fe-Ni binary alloys exposed to a Cl-rich atmosphere using synchrotron radiation. The results of the Cr K-edge XANES measurements for the rust layer of Fe-Cr binary alloys show that the atomic geometry around Cr depends on the concentration of Cr. Therefore, it is expected that the local structure around Cr in the rust layer is unstable. On the other hand, from the results of the Ni K-edge XANES measurements for the rust layer of Fe-Ni binary alloys, Ni is considered to be positioned at a specific site in the crystal structure of a constituent of the rust layer, such as akagan$'e$ite or magnetite. As a consequence, Ni negligibly interacts with Cl$$^{-}$$ ions in the rust layer.

Journal Articles

Cl K-edge XANES spectra of atmospheric rust on Fe, Fe-Cr and Fe-Ni alloys exposed to saline environment

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yamashita, Masato*; Uchida, Hitoshi*; Mizuki, Junichiro

Materials Transactions, 45(12), p.3356 - 3359, 2004/12

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:50.69(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Cl K-edge XANES measurements of atmospheric corrosion products (rust) formed on Fe, Fe-Ni and Fe-Cr alloys in chloride pollution have been performed using synchrotron radiation in order to clarify roles of anticorrosive alloying elements and of Cl in the corrosion resistance of weathering steel. The spectra of binary alloys show a shoulder structure near the absorption edge. The intensity of the shoulder peak depends on the kind and amount of the alloying element, whereas the energy position is invariant. This indicates that Cl is not combined directly with alloying elements in the rust.

Journal Articles

Structural analysis of corrosion product of Fe-Cr alloy film using synchrotron radiation

Yamashita, Masato*; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Takahashi, Masamitsu; Mizuki, Junichiro; Uchida, Hitoshi*

Materials Science Research International, Special Technical Publication, 1, p.398 - 401, 2001/05

A rust layer on a weathering low-alloy steel has strong protective ability for atmospheric corrosion of the steel. In order to control the rust layer on steels, it is so important to know the detailed structure of rust and relate it to the protective ability of the rust layer. Especially, the position of atoms of the alloying elements in the rust layer directly control the structure and properties of the rust layer. We tried to find the atomic arrangement of the rust layer of Fe-Cr alloy film covered with thin film of electrolyte using synchrotron radiation. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and M$"o$ssbauer spectra showed that the rust layer was composed of $$gamma$$-FeOOH and ultra-fine $$alpha$$-FeOOH. By examining EXAFS spectra, Cr coming from Fe-Cr alloy film would be present in the $$alpha$$-FeOOH. Some of Cr would be present between Fe-0-OH octahedron as interstitial atoms, as well as substituting Fe lattice site in the octahedron.

Journal Articles

New JAERI beamline BL22XU to be completed in 2001

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Inami, Toshiya; Katayama, Yoshinori; Watanuki, Tetsu

SPring-8 Riyosha Joho, 6(3), p.198 - 201, 2001/05

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Structural physics at JAERI-BL-14B1 beam line

Mizuki, Junichiro; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Nishihata, Yasuo; Takahashi, Masamitsu; Suzuya, Kentaro; Matsumoto, Norimasa; Yoneda, Yasuhiro

Nihon Kessho Gakkai-Shi, 42(1), p.68 - 75, 2000/02

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Present status of JAERI X-ray beamline BL14B1, BL11XU

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Mitsui, Takaya; Nishihata, Yasuo

SPring-8 Riyosha Joho, 4(5), p.4 - 8, 1999/09

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

SPring-8 beamlines for high pressure science with multi-anvil apparatus

Utsumi, Wataru; Funakoshi, Kenichi*; Urakawa, Satoru*; Yamakata, Masaaki*; Tsuji, Kazuhiko*; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Shimomura, Osamu

Review of High Pressure Science and Technology, 7, p.1484 - 1486, 1998/00

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

JAERI beamline

Harami, Taikan; Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yokoya, Akinari

Hoshako, 9(5), p.453 - 457, 1996/00

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Synchrotron radiation beamline to study radioactive materials at the Photon Factory

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Yokoya, Akinari; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Motohashi, Haruhiko; *; Kashihara, Yasuharu*; *; Harami, Taikan; Sasaki, Teikichi; Maeta, Hiroshi; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 372, p.322 - 332, 1996/00

 Times Cited Count:63 Percentile:97.54(Instruments & Instrumentation)

no abstracts in English

41 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)