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Nara, Yoshitaka*; Kashiwaya, Koki*; Oketani, Kazuki*; Fujii, Hirokazu*; Zhao, Y.*; Kato, Masaji*; Aoyagi, Kazuhei; Ozaki, Yusuke; Matsui, Hiroya; Kono, Masanori*
Zairyo, 73(3), p.220 - 225, 2024/03
The fractures in the rock are the main pass of groundwater flow and solute transport. The filling of fine-grained particle, such as clay minerals, was confirmed to decrease the permeability of rock by laboratory experiment. This research aimed to verify the occurance of the phoenomena in the fild. The water containing the clay minerals was injected into the rock at the 200m stage of the Mizunami undearground research laboratory. The hydraulic conductivity decreased two order before and after the injection. This result suggested that the decrease of hydraulic conductivity by the filling of fine-grained particle in the fractures occured in the real field.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Ono, Hirokazu; Aoyagi, Kazuhei
Shigen, Sozai Koenshu (Internet), 6 Pages, 2023/09
In the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory, the in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system was performed at the 350 m stage to develop the technology for geological disposal. Several measurements have been conducted in and around the test drift to investigate the time dependent impact of the experiment on the rock and backfilled tunnel. Some measurement results are introduced in this presentation.
Ozaki, Yusuke
Rock Mechanics Bulletin (Internet), 2(3), p.100057_1 - 100057_12, 2023/07
In this study, a series of data repeatedly acquired by first arrival traveltime tomography for seven years was analyzed to investigate the time-lapse behavior of excavation damaged zone (EDZ) at 350 m stage in the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory. The data was highly affected by the shotcrete on the drift wall, and a priori information on the structure of shotcrete was incorporated into the inversion process to alleviate the effect. In addition, time-lapse inversion was applied to trace the change in P-wave velocity in time. Our inversion results indicated that time dependent change of EDZ was not recognized under open-drift condition during the period in the site.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Ishii, Eiichi; Sugawara, Kentaro*
Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment, 31, p.100311_1 - 100311_13, 2022/09
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：50.04(Energy & Fuels)This study analyzed the long-term hydraulic pressure data during the excavation of Horonobe URL to estimate the variation of effective-hydraulic-conductivity. We performed the numerical simulation with the poroelastic effect for the estimation because the observed hydraulic pressure is highly affected by the Mandel-Cryer effect. The evaluation of the observed data based on our simulation results showed that the effective-hydraulic-conductivity gradually decreases from 400 m to 500 m in depth and is as low as the intact rock at depths greater than 500 m. Not only the analysis based on our simulation results but also the analysis based on analytical solution indicate the domain with different hydraulic properties in the Wakkanai Formation. These results suggest that the fracture-hydraulic-connectivity changes not abruptly but gradually over several tens of meters around the predicted boundary.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Miyara, Nobukatsu
Proceedings of 14th SEGJ International Symposium (Internet), 4 Pages, 2021/10
The drift excavation damages the intact rock around the drift wall and changes the physical properties there. The damaged domain is called excavation damaged zone (EDZ). The correct estimation of depth and the understanding of time lapse behavior of EDZ is required for the technology of drift closure. In Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (URL), we repeatedly performed the travel time tomography to investigate the time lapse behavior of EDZ generated in soft sedimentary rock over time. For the analysis of the acquired data for the travel time tomography, we performed numerical simulation and estimated the conceivable change in the arrival time. The results of numerical simulation indicate that the shotcrete on the drift wall has the great impact on the travel time because of its high stiffness whereas the effect of shotcrete fixing the ray path might be the advantage for the monitoring purpose. The analysis of the data acquired at 350 m suggest that the significant change in EDZ that surpasses the observation limit was not recognized.
Onoe, Hironori; Ishibashi, Masayuki*; Ozaki, Yusuke; Iwatsuki, Teruki
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 144, p.104737_1 - 104737_14, 2021/08
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：34.69(Engineering, Geological)In this study, we investigated the methodology of modeling for fractured granite around the drift at a depth of 500 m in the Mizunami Underground Laboratory, Japan as a case study. As a result, we developed the fracture modeling method to estimate not only geological parameters of fractures but also hydraulic parameters based on the reproducibility of trace length distribution of fractures. By applying this modeling method, it was possible to construct a Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) model that can accurately reproduce the statistical characteristics of fractures.
Kamata, Kento*; Nara, Yoshitaka*; Matsui, Hiroya; Ozaki, Yusuke
Dai-15-Kai Iwa No Rikigaku Kokunai Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (Internet), p.205 - 209, 2021/01
When considering the projects such as radioactive waste disposal, it is important to evaluate the confinement performance of underground substances in rock mass. However, the change in permeability of macro-fractured mudstone has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated its effect on permeability by introducing a macro-fracture into a cylindrical specimen of mudstone distributed in the Horonobe area, Hokkaido. First, the hydraulic conductivity was measured by subjecting a specimen with a macro-fracture introduced by a brazilian test to a falling head permeability test. After that, it was compared with the hydraulic conductivity of the intact specimen measured by the transient pulse method. As a result, it was confirmed that the hydraulic conductivity was increased by about one order due to the introduction of macro-fracture. The increase rate of hydraulic conductivity obtained from the results of this research was smaller than that of previous researches using granite and basalt.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Ishii, Eiichi; Sugawara, Kentaro*
Extended abstract of International Conference on Coupled Processes in Fractured Geological Media; Observation, Modeling, and Application (CouFrac 2020) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2020/11
We perform the numerical simulation of the response of hydraulic head observed in HDB-6 during the excavation of the Horonobe URL to verify the existence of low effective permeable domain in the subsurface. The low permeable domain as an intact rock due to the low hydraulic fracture connectivity is estimated to exist in the deep domain while the permeability of the shallow domain is relatively high due to the hydraulic fracture connectivity there. Our simulation shows that the observed hydraulic head is affected by the Mandel-Cryer effect due to the hydrogeological structure and the effect for the duration of over years requires the low permeability as an intact rock in the deep domain. These results verify the existence of the low effective permeable domain in the deep subsurface estimated by the previous study.
Kono, Masaru*; Hayama, Kazunori*; Matsui, Hiroya; Ozaki, Yusuke
JAEA-Technology 2019-011, 35 Pages, 2019/07
JAEA-Technology-2019-011.pdf:2.65MB
To verify long-term safety performance of the sensor for decades, we decided the extension of the collaborative research and the evaluation test of long-term durability of fiber-optic crack detection sensor developed by Tokyo Measuring Instruments Laboratory Co., Ltd. at the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory were continued from FY 2015 to FY 2018. As a result, the measurement system using of the fiber-optic crack detection sensor is applicable for long-term measurement in deep underground area and find the future subject.
Iwatsuki, Teruki; Onoe, Hironori; Ishibashi, Masayuki; Ozaki, Yusuke; Wang, Y.*; Hadgu, T.*; Jove-Colon, C. F.*; Kalinina, E.*; Hokr, M.*; Balv
n, A.*; et al.
JAEA-Research 2018-018, 140 Pages, 2019/03
JAEA-Research-2018-018.pdf:40.68MB
DECOVALEX-2019 Task C aims to develop modelling and prediction methods using numerical simulation based on the water-filling experiment to examine the post drift-closure environment recovery processes. In this intermediate report, the results of Step 1 (Modelling and prediction of environmental disturbance by CTD excavation) are summarized from each of the research teams (JAEA, Sandia National Laboratories, Technical University of Liberec). Groundwater inflow rates to the tunnel during the excavation, hydraulic drawdown, and variation of chlorine concentration at monitoring boreholes in the vicinity of the tunnel were chosen as comparison metrics for Step1 by mutual agreement amongst the research teams. It is likely to be possible to foresee the scales of inflow rate and hydraulic drawdown based on a data from the pilot borehole by current simulation techniques.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Ishibashi, Masayuki; Onoe, Hironori; Iwatsuki, Teruki
Proceedings of 10th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium & The ISRM International Symposium for 2018 (ARMS 2018) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2018/11
Understanding of a post-closure geological environment around a large underground facility is important for the safety assessment of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has performed the GREET (Groundwater REcovery Experiment in Tunnel) at the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) to evaluate the environmental recovery process after closure. For understanding of coupled behavior of subsurface environment after closure of drift, we perform a Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical coupled simulation of GREET. This study presents the simulation results of excavation stage of test drift for closure test. Our simulation results show that the inflow rate into test drift after excavation is relatively predictable variavle comparing to the hydraulic pressure or chlorite concentration observed in borehole.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Ishibashi, Masayuki; Matsushita, Tomoaki*; Masumoto, Kazuhiko*; Imasato, Takehiko*
Proceedings of 13th SEGJ International Symposium (USB Flash Drive), 4 Pages, 2018/11
In the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory, Groundwater REcoverty Experiment in Tunnel (GREET) is performed to understanding the recovery process of geological environment after the closure of drift. In this experiment, we performed 2D electrical resistivity surveys three times. First survey was performed before the closure of test drift. Second and third surveys were performed after the closure test. The first survey detected two layers conformation that consists of conductive and resistive zones at shallower and deeper part from the drift surface, respectively. These layers correspond to the shotcrete and host rock, respectively. Second and third measurements show that the conductive zone expanded to deeper resistive part while the shallower conductive part did not change. We concluded that we captured the saturation process of dried fractures near the drift wall by closure of drift as an electrical resistivity response.
Onoe, Hironori; Yamamoto, Shinya*; Kohashi, Akio; Ozaki, Yusuke; Sakurai, Hideyuki*; Masumoto, Kiyoshi*
JAEA-Research 2018-003, 84 Pages, 2018/06
JAEA-Research-2018-003.pdf:17.44MB
In this study, numerical experiments considered hydrogeological structures, which has high heterogeneity around the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory and inverse analysis using in-situ data were carried out. The results showed that concentration of hydrogeological structure to be estimated and location of monitoring point is important for application of inverse analysis. Furthermore, it is concluded that inverse analysis using hydraulic response due to pumping test is effective for hydrogeological characterization.
Hadgu, T.*; Kalinina, E.*; Wang, Y.*; Ozaki, Yusuke; Iwatsuki, Teruki
Proceedings of 2nd International Discrete Fracture Network Engineering Conference (DFNE 2018) (Internet), 5 Pages, 2018/06
Experimental hydrology data from the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory in Central Japan have been used to develop a site-scale fracture model and a flow model for the study area. The discrete fracture network model was upscaled to a continuum model to be used in flow simulations. A flow model was developed centered on the research tunnel, and using a highly refined regular mesh. In this study development and utilization of the model is presented. The modeling analysis used permeability and porosity fields from the discrete fracture network model as well as a homogenous model using fixed values of permeability and porosity. The simulations were designed to reproduce hydrology of the modeling area and to predict inflow of water into the research tunnel during excavation. Modeling results were compared with the project hydrology data. Successful matching of the experimental data was obtained for simulations based on the discrete fracture network model.
Kalinina, E. A.*; Hadgu, T.*; Wang, Y.*; Ozaki, Yusuke; Iwatsuki, Teruki
Proceedings of 2nd International Discrete Fracture Network Engineering Conference (DFNE 2018) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2018/06
The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory is located in the Tono area (Central Japan). Its main purpose is providing a scientific basis for the research and development of technologies needed for deep geological disposal of radioactive waste in fractured crystalline rocks. The current work is focused on the experiments in the research tunnel (500 m depth). The collected tunnel and borehole data were shared with the participants of DEvelopment of COupled models and their VALidation against EXperiments (DECOVALEX) project. This study describes how these data were used to (1) develop the fracture model of the granite rocks around the research tunnel and (2) validate the model.
Kuwabara, Kazumichi*; Aoyagi, Yoshiaki; Ozaki, Yusuke; Matsui, Hiroya
JAEA-Research 2017-002, 39 Pages, 2017/03
JAEA-Research-2017-002.pdf:3.58MB
Authors developed a displacement meter using optical fiber sensor. The displacement meter can be set at any locations in a borehole and guarantee the measurement accuracy up to 5MPa. Total twelve displacement meters were installed in three boreholes to measure the rock mass displacement during groundwater recovery test. The measurement of the rock mass displacement was stated on March, 27, FY 2014. During the first and second groundwater recovery experiments, compressive displacements were observed close to the closure test drift wall. Magnitude of the measured displacements, except vicinity of test drift wall, was smaller than that of calculated under the assumption of it is an isotropic elastic material.
Ichikawa, Yasuaki*; Kimoto, Kazushi*; Matsui, Hiroya; Kuwabara, Kazumichi; Ozaki, Yusuke
JAEA-Research 2016-018, 23 Pages, 2016/12
JAEA-Research-2016-018.pdf:4.41MB
It is important to evaluate the stability of a repository for high-level radioactive waste not only during the design, construction and operation phases, but also during the post-closure period, for time frames likely exceeding several millennia or longer. The rock mass around the tunnels could be deformed through time in response to time dependent behavior. On the other hand, it was revealed that the chemical reaction of groundwater in a rock had an influence on the long-term behavior. An evaluation of the microcracks to have an influence on this mechanical and chemical coupled phenomena should be worked on chiefly. In fiscal year 2015, using a laser Doppler vibrometer that extends a frequency band up to 20 MHz, and measuring the surface wave transmitted through the granite specimens were estimated group velocity. As a result, group velocity until 100 kHz 
500 kHz, revealed that tends to decrease while vibrating. The group speed estimate from a group delay was shown to be easier than the estimate by wave number - frequency spectrum. This is because in order to improve reliability, the estimated frequency band is by using a spatially averaged waveform. As a result obtained, in the case of the modeling by the viscoelastic theory of the granite and a microcrack nondestructiveness evaluation, it is thought that it is useful information in the future. In order to use the knowledge of this study, there is a need to clarify the correspondence between the microscopic properties of the medium such as a crack and crystal grain and the change of the group velocity.
Fukui, Katsunori*; Hashiba, Kimihiro*; Matsui, Hiroya; Kuwabara, Kazumichi; Ozaki, Yusuke
JAEA-Research 2016-014, 52 Pages, 2016/09
JAEA-Research-2016-014.pdf:7.19MB
With respect to high-level radioactive waste disposal, knowledge of the long-term mechanical stability of shafts and galleries excavated in rock is required, not only during construction and operation but also over a period of thousands of years after closure. On the other hand, it is known that rock and the rock mass surrounding the disposal gallery shows time dependent behavior such as creep or the stress-relaxation. It becomes the issue in the stability evaluation of the disposal gallery to grasp the behavior. In order to solve this issue, we pushed forward research development. we pushed forward research development. In the fiscal year of 2015, the creep testing machine for Tage tuff was moved to the new building. The creep test was continuously conducted and the total testing time exceeded 17 years. The testing equipment and procedure were examined to investigate the deformation, failure and time-dependency of rock under wet conditions and between room temperature and 100
C. The long-term strength of rock under triaxle stress state was researched with the aid of laboratory testing results and in situ stress measurement.
Ozaki, Yusuke; Matsui, Hiroya; Kuwabara, Kazumichi; Tada, Hiroyuki*; Sakurai, Hideyuki*; Kumasaka, Hiroo*; Goke, Mitsuo*; Kobayashi, Shinji*
JAEA-Research 2016-007, 125 Pages, 2016/06
JAEA-Research-2016-007.pdf:34.66MB
In Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU), the stress analysis of fractured rock have been performed with crack tensor model. In MIU, a reflooding test is performed at 500m stage. In this study, stress analysis of rock during submerging process of the tunnel is performed by using crack tensor model. The deformation of the rock under different water levels in the tunnel is simulated. The stress condition by high pressure due to inflow of groundwater into tunnel is also estimated. These simulation are performed under assumption that groundwater does not permeate into rock for the estimation of maximum pressure acting on the rock. The stress analysis with consideration of permeation of groundwater into rock is also conducted for the estimation of stress condition after the diffusion of water pressure in tunnel. The results of these analyses lead the conclusion that the pressure of the rock reaches the groundwater pressure near the face of tunnel when the tunnel is submerged.
Ozaki, Yusuke
EAGE Newsletter; Asia Pacific, 2016(1), P. 9, 2016/04
This article is the introduction of young scientist in the new letter of Europe Association of Geoscientists and Engineering (EAGE). The contents of this article are for students. The reason why I decided to start my carrier in geoscience, my current work and useful skills in my work, etc. are described.
