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Journal Articles

Radioisotope identification algorithm using deep artificial neural network for supporting nuclear detection and first response on nuclear security incidents

Kimura, Yoshiki; Tsuchiya, Kenichi*

Radioisotopes, 72(2), p.121 - 139, 2023/07

Rapid and precise radioisotope identification in the scene of nuclear detection and nuclear security incidents is one of the challenging issues for the prompt response on the detection alarm or the incidents. A radioisotope identification algorithm using a deep artificial neural network model applicable to handheld gamma-ray detectors has been proposed in the present paper. The proposed algorithm automatically identifies gamma-emitting radioisotopes based on the count contribution ratio (CCR) from each of them estimated by the deep artificial neural network model trained by simulated gamma-ray spectra. The automated radioisotope identification algorithm can support first responders of nuclear detection and nuclear security incidents without sufficient experience and knowledge in radiation measurement. The authors tested the performance of the proposed algorithm using two different types of deep artificial neural network models in application to handheld detectors having high or low energy resolution. The proposed algorithm showed high performance in identifying artificial radioisotopes for actually measured gamma-ray spectra. It was also confirmed that the algorithm is applicable to identifying $$^{235}$$U and automated uranium categorization by analyzing estimated CCRs by the deep artificial neural network models. The authors also com-pared the performance of the proposed algorithm with a conventional radioisotope identification method and discussed promising ways to improve the performance of the algorithm using the deep artificial neural network.

Journal Articles

Monitoring technique for detection of nuclear and radioactive materials on major public events

Mochimaru, Takanori*; Koizumi, Mitsuo; Takahashi, Tone; Hironaka, Kota; Kimura, Yoshiki; Sato, Yuki; Terasaka, Yuta; Yamanishi, Hirokuni*; Wakabayashi, Genichiro*

Dai-42-Kai Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nenji Taikai Kaigi Rombunshu (Internet), 4 Pages, 2021/11

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Prospective features for integration of nuclear forensics capability in national framework

Tamai, Hiroshi; Okubo, Ayako; Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Tazaki, Makiko; Shimizu, Ryo; Suda, Kazunori; Tomikawa, Hirofumi

Proceedings of INMM 58th Annual Meeting (Internet), 6 Pages, 2017/07

Nuclear forensics is a technical measure to analyse and collate samples of illegally used nuclear materials, etc., to clarify their origins, routes, etc. and contribute to criminal identifications. Close collaboration with police and judicial organizations is essential. The national response framework is being built up with international cooperation. Discussions on promoting technical capability and regional cooperation are presented.

Journal Articles

Technical/institutional prerequisite for nuclear forensics response framework

Tamai, Hiroshi; Okubo, Ayako; Kimura, Yoshiki; Kokaji, Lisa; Shinohara, Nobuo; Tomikawa, Hirofumi

Dai-37-Kai Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Nihon Shibu Nenji Taikai Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2017/02

Nuclear Forensics capability has been developed under the international collaborations. For its effective function, technical development in analysis of seized nuclear materials as well as the institutional development in comprehensive response framework are required under individual national responsibility. In order to keep the "chain of custody" in the proper operation of sample collection at the event scene, radiological analysis at the laboratory, storage of the samples, and further inspection and trial, close cooperation and information sharing between relevant organisations are essential. IAEA issues the Implementing Guide to provide the model action plan and assists individual national development. International cooperation for the technical improvement and awareness cultivation is promoted. Examples in such national developments will be introduced and prospective technical/institutional prerequisite for nuclear forensics response framework will be studied.

Journal Articles

Current status and achievements on nuclear forensics technology developments for nuclear security

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Okubo, Ayako

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO$$Sigma$$, 57(12), p.782 - 786, 2015/12

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Development of prototype national nuclear forensics library at Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Funatake, Yoshio

Proceedings of INMM 56th Annual Meeting (Internet), 8 Pages, 2015/07

JAEA Reports

Report on research and development of nuclear forensics technologies

Okubo, Ayako; Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Toda, Nobufumi; Funatake, Yoshio; Watahiki, Masaru; Sakurai, Satoshi; Kuno, Yusuke

JAEA-Technology 2015-001, 185 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Technology-2015-001.pdf:56.65MB

Nuclear forensics is the analysis of intercepted illicit nuclear or radioactive material and any associated material to provide evidence for nuclear attribution by determining origin, history, transit routes and purpose involving such material. Nuclear forensics activity includes sampling of the illicit material, analysis of the samples and evaluation of the attribution by comparing the analyzed data with database or numerical simulation. Because the nuclear forensics technologies specify the origin of the nuclear materials used illegal dealings or nuclear terrorism, it becomes possible to identify and indict offenders, hence to enhance deterrent effect against such terrorism. Worldwide network on nuclear forensics can contribute to strengthen global nuclear security regime. In this paper, the results of research and development of fundamental nuclear forensics technologies performed in Japan Atomic Energy Agency during the fiscal term of 2011-2013 were reported.

Journal Articles

Progress and future prospects of nuclear forensics technology development project at JAEA

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Funatake, Yoshio; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

Proceedings of INMM 55th Annual Meeting (Internet), 7 Pages, 2014/07

In 2010, the Japan Government issued the national statement at Nuclear Security Summit (Washington D.C., USA) to develop technologies related to measurement and detection of nuclear materials for nuclear forensics within three-year timeframe, and to share the products with the international community in order to contribute to strengthening the nuclear security system. In response to this statement, JAEA that possesses sufficient technical capabilities to fulfil this nuclear forensics mission has started a nuclear forensics technology development project since JFY 2011. This paper will present the progress of the development project during JFY 2011 to 2013. This project includes the developments of analytical technologies such as isotope and impurity measurements, morphology analysis, age determination technique, and the prototype of national nuclear forensics library (NNFL). Some future prospects of this project will be also presented in this paper.

Journal Articles

Lessons learned from the international tabletop exercise of national nuclear forensics library at JAEA

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Funatake, Yoshio

Journal of Nuclear Materials Management, 42(4), p.40 - 45, 2014/00

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has initiated an R&D project on nuclear forensics technology from 2011. This project includes development of prototype national nuclear forensics library (NNFL), and the JAEA attended to the first international table top exercise of NNFL "Galaxy Serpent" held by ITWG as a part of our NNFL development project. In this paper, outline and experiences of the JAEA investigation in the table top exercise are described and the lessons learned from the experiences were discussed. Brief current status of the NNFL development project at JAEA was also introduced in the present paper. The lessons from the experiences in the exercise will be effectively applied to the development of NNFL at JAEA.

Journal Articles

Present status and future plan of development on National Nuclear Forensics Library at JAEA

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Funatake, Yoshio; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai (INMM) Nihon Shibu Dai-34-Kai Nenji Taikai Rombunshu (Internet), 9 Pages, 2013/10

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has initiated R&D project on nuclear forensics technology such as analytical technologies towards the establishment of nuclear forensics capabilities in Japan. National Nuclear Forensics Library (NNFL) is one of the fundamental nuclear forensics capabilities and a prototype NNFL has been developed as one R&D topic of the project at JAEA. Main objective of a NNFL is to determine whether a seized nuclear or other radioactive material from nuclear security event (e.g. illicit trafficking) is originated from a country or not. Analytical data of the seized material are compared with the existing materials populated in a NNFL, and its attributions such as origin and history will be identified. This paper describes the current status and future plan on the development of prototype NNFL. The outline and the results of the participation in an international table top exercise on NNFL named "Galaxy Serpent" were also reported in the present paper.

Journal Articles

R&D status and future plan of nuclear forensics for analytical technology and national library at JAEA

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

Proceedings of INMM 54th Annual Meeting (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2013/07

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) that possesses sufficient analytical capabilities to fulfil the mission of nuclear forensics technology development has started R&D project from JFY 2011. The R&D of the nuclear forensics technology at JAEA covers the development of analytical technology such as isotope and impurity measurements, morphology analysis, age determination technique, and proto-type of national nuclear forensics library. Each topic of the R&D has been promoted under the international cooperation with US-DOE. This paper will present the present status and brief results of the R&D project on nuclear forensics analytical technology and nuclear forensics library at JAEA. Some future plan of the R&D such as attribute identification of Japanese nuclear materials, data populating plan for existing nuclear materials data in JAEA fuel cycle facilities will be also introduced in the presentation.

Oral presentation

Present status of R&D on nuclear forensics at JAEA

Sakurai, Satoshi; Kimura, Yoshiki; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Okubo, Ayako; Magara, Masaaki; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

no journal, , 

The national statement made by the Japan Government at 2010 Nuclear Security Summit (Washington D.C., U.S.A.) was to develop its nuclear forensics detection and analysis technologies in a three-year period and to share them with the international community to contribute to strengthening the nuclear security regime. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency, the organization that possesses analytical capabilities with the potential to fulfill this nuclear forensics mission, started R&D on nuclear forensics technology from JFY 2011. The main areas of development are isotopic ratio analysis, impurity analysis, uranium age determination, etc. The cooperation with US-DOE and EC-JRC were also started to effectively promote the technical development. In the presentation reported will be progress in R&D to establish nuclear forensics analytical capabilities and international cooperation.

Oral presentation

R&D on nuclear forensics, 1; Present status and future plan

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

R&D on nuclear forensics, 2; Study on general concept and data items of national nuclear forensics library

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Funatake, Yoshio; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Present status and future plan of R&D on nuclear forensics technology development at JAEA

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

no journal, , 

Japan Atomic Energy Agency has been initiated R&D project on nuclear forensics technology from 2011 JFY. In this presentation, the current status and future plan of the R&D on nuclear forensics technology was presented.

Oral presentation

R&D on nuclear forensics, 3; International table top exercise on national nuclear forensics library and its experiences toward national nuclear forensics library development

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Funatake, Yoshio; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

R&D on nuclear forensics, 5; Study on attribution analysis using national nuclear forensics library and its future prospects

Kimura, Yoshiki; Shinohara, Nobuo; Funatake, Yoshio

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

R&D on nuclear forensics, 4; Progress and future prospects of nuclear forensics technology development project at JAEA

Shinohara, Nobuo; Kimura, Yoshiki; Okubo, Ayako; Toda, Nobufumi; Funatake, Yoshio; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Nuclear forensics and radiochemistry

Shinohara, Nobuo; Kimura, Yoshiki; Okubo, Ayako

no journal, , 

Nuclear forensics is the analysis of intercepted illicit nuclear or radioactive material and any associated material to provide evidence for nuclear attribution by determining origin, history, transit routes and purpose involving such material. Because the nuclear forensics methodologies provide hints of the origin of the nuclear materials used in illegal dealings or nuclear terrorism, it contributes to identify and indict offenders, hence to enhance deterrent effect against such terrorism. In the 59th Symposium on Radiochemistry, the results of research and development of fundamental nuclear forensics technologies (analysis of isotopic composition, impurity analysis, age dating of nuclear material, particle shape analysis by electron microscope, and nuclear forensics library) performed in Japan Atomic Energy Agency are reported. Japan's capability and the role of radiochemistry on nuclear forensics are also discussed in the Symposium.

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