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Journal Articles

Cross-section-induced uncertainty evaluation of MA sample irradiation test calculations with consideration of dosimeter data

Sugino, Kazuteru; Numata, Kazuyuki*; Ishikawa, Makoto; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Annals of Nuclear Energy, 130, p.118 - 123, 2019/08

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)

In MA sample irradiation test data calculations, the neutron fluence during irradiation period is generally scaled by using dosimetry data in order to improve calculation accuracy. In such a case, appropriate correction is required to burnup sensitivity coefficients obtained by the conventional generalized perturbation theory because some cancellations occur in the burnup sensitivity coefficients. Therefore, a new formula for the burnup sensitivity coefficient has been derived with the consideration of the neutron fluence scaling effect (NFS). In addition, the cross-section-induced uncertainty is evaluated by using the obtained burnup sensitivity coefficients and the covariance data based on the JENDL-4.0.

Journal Articles

Study on heterogeneous minor actinide loading fast reactor core concepts with improved safety

Ohgama, Kazuya; Oki, Shigeo; Kitada, Takanori*; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of 21st Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference (PBNC 2018) (USB Flash Drive), p.942 - 947, 2018/09

Journal Articles

A New cross section adjustment method of removing systematic errors in fast reactors

Takeda, Toshikazu*; Yokoyama, Kenji; Sugino, Kazuteru

Annals of Nuclear Energy, 109, p.698 - 704, 2017/11

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:19.91(Nuclear Science & Technology)

A new cross section adjustment method has been derived in which systematic errors in measured data and calculated results of neutronics characteristics are estimated and removed in the adjustment. Bias factors which are the ratio between measured data and calculated results are used to estimate systematic errors. The difference of the bias factors from unity is caused generally by systematic errors and stochastic errors. Therefore by determining whether the difference is within the total stochastic errors of measurements and calculations, systematic errors are estimated. Since stochastic errors are determined for individual confidence levels, systematic errors are also dependent to the confidence levels. The method has been applied to cross section adjustments using 589 measured data obtained from fast critical assemblies and fast reactors. The adjustments results are compared with those of the conventional adjustment method. Also the effect of the confidence level to the adjusted cross sections is discussed.

Journal Articles

Core concept of minor actinides transmutation fast reactor with improved safety

Fujimura, Koji*; Itooka, Satoshi*; Oki, Shigeo; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2017/04

Journal Articles

Development of a fast reactor for minor actinides transmutation; Improvement of prediction accuracy for MA-related integral parameters based on cross-section adjustment technique

Yokoyama, Kenji; Maruyama, Shuhei; Numata, Kazuyuki; Ishikawa, Makoto; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of International Conference on the Physics of Reactors; Unifying Theory and Experiments in the 21st Century (PHYSOR 2016) (USB Flash Drive), p.1906 - 1915, 2016/05

Journal Articles

Development of a fast reactor for minor actinides transmutation, 1; Overview and method development

Takeda, Toshikazu*; Usami, Shin; Fujimura, Koji*; Takakuwa, Masayuki*

Proceedings of 21st International Conference & Exhibition; Nuclear Fuel Cycle for a Low-Carbon Future (GLOBAL 2015) (USB Flash Drive), p.560 - 566, 2015/09

The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan has launched a national project entitled "technology development for the environmental burden reduction" in 2013. The present study is one of the studies adopted as the national project. The objective of the study is the efficient and safe transmutation and volume reduction of minor actinides with long-lived radioactivity and high decay heat contained in high level radioactive wastes by using sodium cooled fast reactors. We are developing MA transmutation core concepts which harmonize efficient MA transmutation with core safety. To accurately design the core concepts we have improved calculation methods for estimating the transmutation rate of individual MA nuclides, and estimating and reducing uncertainty of MA transmutation. The overview of the present project is first described. The method improvement is presented with numerical results for a minor-actinide transmutation fast reactor.

Journal Articles

Development of a fast reactor for Minor Actinides (MAs) transmutation, 3; Evaluation of measurement data with MA transmutation

Sugino, Kazuteru; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of 21st International Conference & Exhibition; Nuclear Fuel Cycle for a Low-Carbon Future (GLOBAL 2015) (USB Flash Drive), p.573 - 581, 2015/09

Journal Articles

Development of a fast reactor for minor actinides transmutation, 2; Study on the MA transmutation core concepts

Fujimura, Koji*; Oki, Shigeo; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of 21st International Conference & Exhibition; Nuclear Fuel Cycle for a Low-Carbon Future (GLOBAL 2015) (USB Flash Drive), p.592 - 598, 2015/09

Journal Articles

Void reactivity evaluation by modified conversion ratio measurements in LWR critical experiments

Yoshioka, Kenichi*; Kikuchi, Tsukasa*; Gunji, Satoshi*; Kumanomido, Hironori*; Mitsuhashi, Ishi*; Umano, Takuya*; Yamaoka, Mitsuaki*; Okajima, Shigeaki; Fukushima, Masahiro; Nagaya, Yasunobu; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 52(2), p.282 - 293, 2015/02

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)

We have developed a void reactivity evaluation method by using modified conversion ratio measurements in a light water reactor (LWR) critical lattice. Assembly-wise void reactivity is evaluated from the "finite neutron multiplication factor", $$k^ast$$, deduced from the modified conversion ratio of each fuel rod. The distributions of modified conversion ratio and $$k^ast$$ on a reduced-moderation LWR lattice, for which the improvement of negative void reactivity is a serious issue, were measured. Measured values were analyzed with a continuous-energy Monte Carlo method. The measurements and analyses agreed within the measurement uncertainty. The developed method is useful for validating the nuclear design methodology concerning void reactivity.

Journal Articles

Method development and reactor physics data evaluation for improving prediction accuracy of fast reactors' minor actinides transmutation performance

Takeda, Toshikazu*; Hazama, Taira; Fujimura, Koji*; Sawada, Shusaku*

Proceedings of International Conference on the Physics of Reactors; The Role of Reactor Physics toward a Sustainable Future (PHYSOR 2014) (CD-ROM), 15 Pages, 2014/09

A national project started in 2013 in Japan entitled "technology development for the environmental burden reduction". The present study is one of the studies adopted as the national project. We are aiming to develop MA transmutation core concepts harmonizing MA transmutation performance with core safety and to improve design accuracy related to MA transmutation performance. To validate and improve design accuracy of the high safety and high MA transmutation performance of SFR cores, we develop methods for calculating the transmutation rate of individual MA nuclides and estimating uncertainty of MA transmutation by using burnup sensitivity. Also we develop reliable reactor physics database to reduce the uncertainty of MA transmutation calculations. The overall consistency of the measured data is investigated by evaluating the usefulness of conventional static data as well as those related to MA transmutation obtained from various facilities like Monju, Joyo, FCA, BFS and PFR.

Journal Articles

Intra-pellet neutron flux distribution measurements in LWR critical lattices

Yoshioka, Kenichi*; Kikuchi, Tsukasa*; Gunji, Satoshi*; Kumanomido, Hironori*; Mitsuhashi, Ishi*; Umano, Takuya*; Yamaoka, Mitsuaki*; Okajima, Shigeaki; Fukushima, Masahiro; Nagaya, Yasunobu; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 50(6), p.606 - 614, 2013/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:10.75(Nuclear Science & Technology)

We have developed an intra-pellet neutron flux and conversion ratio distribution measurement method. A foil activation method with special foils was used for the neutron flux distribution measurement. A $$gamma$$-ray spectrum analysis method with special collimators was used for the conversion ratio distribution measurement. Using the developed methods, intra-pellet neutron flux distributions and conversion ratio distributions were measured in critical experiments on a reduced-moderation LWR. Measured values were analyzed with a deterministic method and a Monte Carlo method. The neutron flux distribution measurements and analyses agreed within the range of 1% to 2%. The conversion ratio distribution measurements and analyses were consistent with each other. We found that the measurement methods are useful for the validation of neutron behavior in a fuel pellet, which is known as micro reactor physics.

Journal Articles

Monte Carlo based diffusion coefficients for LMFBR analysis

Van Rooijen, W. F. G.*; Hazama, Taira; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of Joint International Conference of 7th Supercomputing in Nuclear Application and 3rd Monte Carlo (SNA + MC 2010) (USB Flash Drive), 14 Pages, 2010/10

For the reactor physics analysis of fast critical assemblies as well as LMFBRs, the diffusion coefficient is one of the required pieces of data. In the present analysis, the diffusion coefficient is determined using the Benoist-formalism, which is based on directional collision probabilities. For LMFBR analysis including void regions, the Benoist-formalism breaks down if two-dimensional (slab or slab-like) void regions are present. Furthermore, the Benoist-style assumption of zero buckling is questionable in fast reactors. Research is being done to identify improved cell calculations, in order to calculate the diffusion coefficient in one- and two-dimensional unit cells containing real void regions.

Journal Articles

Trends of fast reactor cycle technology development in the world, 1; Accelerating fast reactor development; Start of operation of commercial reactors in 2020

Takeda, Toshikazu*; Sagayama, Yutaka; Tsutsumi, Yoshitaka*

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO$$Sigma$$, 52(8), p.462 - 467, 2010/08

The development of the fast reactor where the fuel is efficiently produced while consuming the fuel has accelerated in each country. The startup target of a commercial reactors is provided in Russia and India in 2020, in China in around 2030, and Japan, France and Republic of Korea are aiming at the practical use of 2040-2050. It is especially recognized that India and China will actively introduce more than 200 GWe power from fast reactors by middle of this century on the basis of their own national strategy where the fast reactors should be the main current of nuclear power generation. In this article, the trend of the latest development plan of the major countries (Russia, India, China, France, South Korea, and Japan) and international organizations is introduced, centering on the discussion at "International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles" by IAEA on December last year in Kyoto City and Tsuruga City.

Journal Articles

Development of the 4S and related technologies, 7; Summary of the FCA XXIII experiment analyses towards evaluation of prediction accuracies for the 4S core characteristics

Ueda, Nobuyuki*; Fukushima, Masahiro; Okajima, Shigeaki; Takeda, Toshikazu*; Kitada, Takanori*; Nauchi, Yasushi*; Kinoshita, Izumi*; Matsumura, Tetsuo*

Proceedings of 2009 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP '09) (CD-ROM), p.9493_1 - 9493_9, 2009/05

A series of critical experiments were carried out in the JAEA fast critical facility (FCA) named FCA XXIII cores with placing emphases on the reflector reactivity worth and the sodium void reactivity which are especially important from the view point of safety features of the 4S. The analyses of those physics mockup experiments have been carried out by the neutron transport calculation methods with continuous energy Monte Carlo code MVP and 70 energy-group discrete ordinate P0-S8 transport code DANTSYS using libraries processed from JENDL-3.3 data file. The results showed that combination of the stochastic and deterministic transport calculation methods (Monte Carlo and Sn) provided good prediction bases for criticality, reflector worth, sodium void reactivity, reaction rate ratios and absorber reactivity worth for the 4S nuclear design.

Journal Articles

Experiment and analysis for criticality in small fast reactor with reflector at FCA

Fukushima, Masahiro; Okajima, Shigeaki; Mori, Takamasa; Takeda, Toshikazu*; Kinoshita, Izumi*

Proceedings of International Conference on the Physics of Reactors, Nuclear Power; A Sustainable Resource (PHYSOR 2008) (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2008/09

The criticality was measured in a series of mock-up cores simulated small fast reactor with massive reflector at FCA facility of JAEA in order to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the current analysis code system. In the analyses, the effective cross sections were obtained by using an ultra-fine group cell calculation code. The JENDL-3.3 cross section library was used. The core calculations for the criticality were performed by using a three-dimensional S$$_{N}$$ transport code. Conventional calculations with a standard 70 energy group structure and under the P$$_{0}$$ transport approximation overestimated the experimental values up to 1.5%$${Delta}$$$$k$$/$$k$$. Furthermore, the calculation parameters were investigated concerning the fine energy group structure and the higher Legendre order of anisotropic scattering cross section. Consequently, the calculation accuracy for the criticality was improved by about 1%$${Delta}$$$$k$$/$$k$$ with a 140 energy group structure and under the P$$_{3}$$ approximation.

Journal Articles

Prediction accuracy improvement of neutronic characteristics of a breeding light water reactor core by extended bias factor methods with use of FCA-XXII-1 critical experiments

Kugo, Teruhiko; Ando, Masaki; Kojima, Kensuke; Fukushima, Masahiro; Mori, Takamasa; Nakano, Yoshihiro; Okajima, Shigeaki; Kitada, Takanori*; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 45(4), p.288 - 303, 2008/04

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:40.16(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The effectiveness of the extended bias factor methods, the LC and PE methods, is numerically investigated by applying them to a breeding light water reactor core as a target core with use of FCA-XXII-1 critical experiments. The present study numerically verifies the features of the extended bias factor methods. Both the methods can improve the prediction accuracy the most by using all the experiments. The PE method always improves the prediction accuracy with any combination of experiments. The PE method is always superior to the LC method for improvement of the prediction accuracy. From the present study, the followings are found. The experiments on multiplication factor are more applicable to a reaction rate ratio of $$^{238}$$U capture to $$^{239}$$Pu fission (C28/F49) of the target core than the experiments on C28/F49. Combinations of the experiments on multiplication factor is more effective to a void reactivity of the target core than those of the experiments on void reactivity though those on void reactivity are superior to those on multiplication factors in the case of using a single experiment. From these results, we conclude that the experiments on multiplication factor are more effective than the other experiments for all the neutronic characteristics of the target core. From these results, it is concluded that the PE method is promising to complement full mockup experiments for various future nuclear systems by using a number of existing and future benchmark experiments.

Journal Articles

Application of bias factor method with use of exponentiated experimental value to prediction uncertainty reduction in coolant void reactivity of breeding light water reactor

Kugo, Teruhiko; Kojima, Kensuke; Ando, Masaki; Mori, Takamasa; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Journal of Power and Energy Systems (Internet), 2(1), p.73 - 82, 2008/00

We have applied the bias factor method to coolant void reactivity of a breeding light water reactor with use of FCA-XXII-1 experiment with introducing a concept of exponentiated experimental value into the bias factor method in order to overcome a problem caused by the conventional bias factor method in which the prediction uncertainty increases in the case that the experimental core has the opposite reactivity worth and the consequent opposite sensitivity coefficients to the real core. In the present study, we have formulated the prediction uncertainty reduction by the use of the bias factor method extended by the concept of the exponentiated experimental value. From the numerical results, it is verified that the concept of exponentiated experimental value can improve the prediction accuracy compared with the original uncertainty in the design calculation value while the conventional bias factor method cannot improve the prediction accuracy. It is concluded that the introduction of exponentiated experimental value can effectively utilize experimental data and extend applicability of the bias factor method.

Journal Articles

Theoretical study on new bias factor methods to effectively use critical experiments for improvement of prediction accuracy of neutronic characteristics

Kugo, Teruhiko; Mori, Takamasa; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 44(12), p.1509 - 1517, 2007/12

 Times Cited Count:16 Percentile:72.08(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The extended methods with two concepts, the LC and the PE methods, are proposed to enhance the bias factor method for improvement of the prediction accuracy of neutronic characteristics. The two methods utilize a number of critical experimental results and produce a semi-fictitious experimental value with them. The LC method defines a bias factor by a ratio of a linear combination of experimental values to that of calculation values for the experiments. The PE method defines it by a ratio of a product of exponentiated experimental values to that of exponentiated calculation values. We formulate how to determine weights for the LC method and exponents for the PE method in order to minimize the variance of the design prediction value. From a theoretical comparison among the two methods, the conventional method and the previously proposed method called the generalized bias factor method, it is concluded that the PE method is the most useful method in order to improve the prediction accuracy. Main advantages of the PE method are summarized as follows. The prediction accuracy is necessarily improved compared with the design calculation value and is the most improved by utilizing all the experimental results. From these facts, it can be said that the PE method effectively utilizes all the experimental results and has a possibility to make a full scale mockup experiment unnecessary with use of existing and future benchmark experiments.

Journal Articles

Application of bias factor method with use of virtual experimental value to prediction uncertainty reduction in void reactivity worth of breeding light water reactor

Kugo, Teruhiko; Mori, Takamasa; Kojima, Kensuke; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-15) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2007/04

Utilizing the critical experiments for MOX fueled tight lattice LWR cores at FCA XXII-1 cores, we have evaluated prediction uncertainty reduction in coolant void reactivity worth of a breeding LWR core based on the bias factor method. In the present study, to extend the applicability of the bias factor method, we have introduced an exponentiated experimental value as a virtual experimental value and formulated the prediction uncertainty reduction with the bias factor method extended by the concept. From the numerical evaluation, it has been shown that the prediction uncertainty due to cross section errors has been reduced by the use of the concept of the virtual experimental value. It is concluded that the introduction of virtual experimental value can effectively utilize experimental data and extend applicability of the bias factor method.

Journal Articles

Core performance tests for the JOYO MK-III upgrade

Aoyama, Takafumi; Sekine, Takashi; Maeda, Shigetaka; Yoshida, Akihiro; Maeda, Yukimoto; Suzuki, Soju; Takeda, Toshikazu*

Nuclear Engineering and Design, 237(4), p.353 - 368, 2007/02

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:70.38(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Many changes were made in the recent upgrade of the experimental fast reactor JOYO to the MK-III design. The core changes which were made to achieve a fourfold increase in irradiation capacity include the introduction of a second enrichment zone, an increase in core radius and a decrease in core height. Performance tests done at low power, during the rise to power, and at full power, which focus on the neutronics characteristics, are presented. These tests include the nuclear instrumentation system response, the approach to criticality and excess reactivity evaluation, control rod worth calibration, isothermal temperature coefficient evaluation, the calibration of the nuclear instrumentation system with reactor thermal power, and the burn-up reactivity coefficient evaluation. The measurements and comparisons with calculated predictions are shown. The design predictions are consistent with the performance test results, and all technical safety specifications are satisfied. The JOYO MK-III core will provide enhanced irradiation testing capability, as well as serve as a test bed for improving fast reactor operation, performance and safety. Through the performance test evaluation, the core characteristics of a small size sodium cooled fast reactor with a hard neutron spectrum are clarified.

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