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JAEA Reports

Annual report on the environmental radiation monitoring around the Tokai Reprocessing Plant FY2022

Kokubun, Yuji; Nakada, Akira; Seya, Natsumi; Koike, Yuko; Nemoto, Masashi; Tobita, Keiji; Yamada, Ryohei*; Uchiyama, Rei; Yamashita, Daichi; Nagai, Shinji; et al.

JAEA-Review 2023-046, 164 Pages, 2024/03

JAEA-Review-2023-046.pdf:4.2MB

The Nuclear Fuel Cycle Engineering Laboratories conducts environmental radiation monitoring around the reprocessing plant in accordance with the "Safety Regulations for Reprocessing Plant of JAEA, Part IV: Environmental Monitoring". This report summarizes the results of environmental radiation monitoring conducted during the period from April 2022 to March 2023 and the results of dose calculations for the surrounding public due to the release of radioactive materials into the atmosphere and ocean. In the results of the above environmental radiation monitoring, many items were affected by radioactive materials emitted from the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant of Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated (changed to Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. on April 1, 2016), which occurred in March 2011. Also included as appendices are an overview of the environmental monitoring plan, an overview of measurement methods, measurement results and their changes over time, meteorological statistics results, radioactive waste release status, and an evaluation of the data which deviated of the normal range.

Journal Articles

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:96.87(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 $$^{circ}$$C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 $$^{circ}$$C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Journal Articles

Devil's staircase transition of the electronic structures in CeSb

Kuroda, Kenta*; Arai, Yosuke*; Rezaei, N.*; Kunisada, So*; Sakuragi, Shunsuke*; Alaei, M.*; Kinoshita, Yuto*; Bareille, C.*; Noguchi, Ryo*; Nakayama, Mitsuhiro*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 11, p.2888_1 - 2888_9, 2020/06

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:74.84(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Journal Articles

Experimental determination of the topological phase diagram in Cerium monopnictides

Kuroda, Kenta*; Ochi, Masayuki*; Suzuki, Hiroyuki*; Hirayama, Motoaki*; Nakayama, Mitsuhiro*; Noguchi, Ryo*; Bareille, C.*; Akebi, Shuntaro*; Kunisada, So*; Muro, Takayuki*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 120(8), p.086402_1 - 086402_6, 2018/02

 Times Cited Count:42 Percentile:92.13(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Journal Articles

Impact hammer test of ITER blanket remote handling system

Noguchi, Yuto; Maruyama, Takahito; Ueno, Kenichi; Komai, Masafumi; Takeda, Nobukazu; Kakudate, Satoshi

Fusion Engineering and Design, 109-111(Part B), p.1291 - 1295, 2016/11

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:19.85(Nuclear Science & Technology)

This paper reports the impact hammer test of the full-scale mock-up of ITER Blanket Remote Handling system (BRHS). Since the BRHS, which is composed of the articulated rail and the vehicle manipulator which travels on the rail deployed in the vacuum vessel, is subjected to the floor response spectrum with 14 G peak at 8 Hz, evaluation of dynamic response of the system is of essential importance. Recently impact hammer testing on the full-scale mock-up of the BRHS was carried out to verify the finite element method seismic analysis and to experimentally obtain the damping ratio of the system. The results showed that the mock-up has a vertical major natural mode with a natural frequency of 7.5 Hz and a damping ratio of 0.5%. While higher structural damping ratios is predicted in a high amplitude excitation such as major earthquake, it was confirmed that the experimental natural major frequencies are in agreement with the major frequencies obtained by elastic dynamic analysis.

JAEA Reports

Long-term immersion experiments of low alkaline cementitious materials

Seno, Yasuhiro*; Noguchi, Akira*; Nakayama, Masashi; Sugita, Yutaka; Suto, Shunkichi; Tanai, Kenji; Fujita, Tomoo; Sato, Haruo*

JAEA-Technology 2016-011, 20 Pages, 2016/07

JAEA-Technology-2016-011.pdf:7.56MB

Cementitious materials are expected to be used for the construction of an underground repository for the geological disposal of radioactive wastes. Ordinary Portland Cement(OPC) would conventionally be used in the fields of civil engineering and architecture, however, OPC has the potential to generate a highly alkaline plume (pH$$>$$12.5), which will likely degrade the performance of other barriers in the repository such as the bentonite buffer and/or host rock. Low alkaline cementitious materials are therefore being developed that will mitigate the generation of a highly alkaline plume. JAEA has developed a High-volume Fly ash Silica fume Cement (HFSC) as a candidate low alkaline cementitious material. The workability of the HFSC shotcrete was confirmed by conducting In-situ full scale construction tests in the Horonobe underground research laboratory. This report summarizes the results of immersion tests to assess the long-term pH behavior of hardened HFSC cement pastes made with mix designs that are expected to be able to be used in the construction of an underground repository in Japan.

Journal Articles

Seismic analysis of the ITER blanket remote handling system

Noguchi, Yuto; Maruyama, Takahito; Takeda, Nobukazu; Kakudate, Satoshi

Proceedings of 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-23) (DVD-ROM), 9 Pages, 2015/05

This paper reports the seismic analysis of the ITER Blanket RH system (BRHS) during blanket module handling operation. Since the BRHS, which is composed of the articulated rail and the vehicle manipulator, which travels on the rail deployed in the vacuum vessel in the toroidal direction, has various configurations and the rail system has flexibility, evaluation of dynamic response of the system is of essential importance. Via parameter sensitivity study on position and posture of the vehicle manipulator, the most unfavorable configuration for each component of the BRHS has been specified by the modal and spectrum analyses with the global BRHS FE model. Then using the quasi-static equivalent loads on the individual components obtained by the global BRHS seismic analysis, the structural verifications of the structural members of the BRHS have been carried out with detailed partial FE models. The system seismic resistance of the BRHS to a safe shutdown earthquake was confirmed.

Journal Articles

Availability analysis of the ITER blanket remote handling system

Maruyama, Takahito; Noguchi, Yuto; Takeda, Nobukazu; Kakudate, Satoshi

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 10(Sp.2), p.3405010_1 - 3405010_4, 2015/02

Journal Articles

Irradiation test progress for the ITER maintenance robot

Noguchi, Yuto; Anzai, Katsunori; Kozaka, Hiroshi; Aburadani, Atsushi; Kazawa, Minoru; Takeda, Nobukazu; Kakudate, Satoshi

Dai-31-Kai Nihon Robotto Gakkai Gakujutsu Koenkai Yokoshu (DVD-ROM), 2 Pages, 2013/09

BB2013-1301.pdf:0.22MB

Journal Articles

Development of rock segment for reduction of amount of cement use

Tada, Hiroyuki*; Kumasaka, Hiroo*; Saito, Akira*; Nakaya, Atsushi*; Ishii, Takashi*; Sanada, Masanori; Noguchi, Akira*; Kishi, Hirokazu*; Nakama, Shigeo; Fujita, Tomoo

Dai-13-Kai Iwa No Rikigaku Kokunai Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), p.133 - 138, 2013/01

The authors have been developing methods for constructing tunnels using the minimum quantities of cement-type support materials in high-level radioactive waste disposal facilities and advancing research and development about the technical formation of rock segment using low alkaline mortar. In this study, the mechanical characteristic values concerning the rock segment and backfill materials were examined. The stability analysis of tunnel supported by the rock segment and backfilling with gravel were performed. Technical formation and effectiveness of the alternative supports planned for further reduction in cement influence was confirmed from a study result above-mentioned.

Journal Articles

Mix design of low pH cement shotcrete in high level radioactive waste repositories

Noguchi, Akira; Kishi, Hirokazu; Hatanaka, Koichiro; Naito, Morimasa

Proceedings of 19th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-19) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2011/10

A standardized method for choosing a mix design of low pH shotcrete is proposed for their intended use in the construction of a High Level Radioactive Waste (HLW) repository in order to be applied to the various geological environment of the location of the HLW repositories. There are two improvement in this method. One is estimating binder composition to satisfy low pH. The other is estimating water bender ratio to satisfy the strength of sprayed concrete. The method uses a sequential development process with consideration given to a number of physicochemical requirements, incorporates current shotcrete technology. The method is demonstrated in its entirety through a series of experiments and tests using a low pH cement binder comprised of a mixture of ordinary Portland cement, fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF), referred to here as high-volume FA SF cement (HFSC). Moreover, the method is referred from the demonstration of HFSC shotcrete in Horonobe underground research laboratory.

JAEA Reports

A Study on the technology for reducing cement-type materials used for tunnel supports at high-level radioactive waste disposal sites (Joint research)

Hayashi, Katsuhiko; Noguchi, Akira; Kishi, Hirokazu; Kabayashi, Yasushi*; Nakama, Shigeo; Fujita, Tomoo; Naito, Morimasa; Tada, Hiroyuki*; Kumasaka, Hiroo*; Goke, Mitsuo*; et al.

JAEA-Research 2010-057, 101 Pages, 2011/03

JAEA-Research-2010-057.pdf:7.47MB

Cement-type materials that are used for supports or grouting at high-level radioactive waste disposal facilities leach into the groundwater and create a highly alkaline environment. Of concern in highly alkaline environments are the alteration of bentonite used as buffers or backfill materials, and of surrounding rock mass, and the increased uncertainty regarding the provision of performance of the disposal system over a long period of time. In this study, to reduce the quantity of cement-type materials that cause highly alkaline environments, technical feasibility of the support structure including the materials which considered the long-term performance of the HLW disposal system are discussed by using knowledge and technology accumulated in JAEA and Shimizu Construction. Moreover, based on the results, the problems remained in the application to the future HLW disposal institution are summarized.

JAEA Reports

Study on applicability of low alkaline cement in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project; In-situ experiment at 140 m gallery

Nakayama, Masashi; Sato, Haruo; Sugita, Yutaka; Noguchi, Akira

JAEA-Research 2010-055, 25 Pages, 2011/02

JAEA-Research-2010-055.pdf:2.08MB

In Japan, any high level radioactive waste repository is to be constructed at over 300 m depth below surface. Tunnel support is used for safety during the construction and operation, and shotcrete and concrete lining are used as the tunnel support. Concrete is a composite material comprised of aggregate, cement and various additives. Low alkaline cement has been developed for the long term stability of the barrier systems whose performance could be negatively affected by highly alkaline conditions arising due to cement used in a repository. JAEA has developed a low alkaline cement, named as HFSC, containing over 60wt% of SF and FA. JAEA are presently constructing an URL at Horonobe for research and development in the geosciences and repository engineering technology. HFSC was used experimentally as the shotcrete material in construction of part of the 140 m deep gallery in Horonobe URL. The objective of this experiment was to assess the performance of HFSC shotcrete in terms of mechanics, workability, durability, and so on. HFSC used in this experiment is composed of 40wt% OPC, 20wt% SF, and 40wt% FA. This composition was determined based on mechanical testing of various mixes of the above components. Because of the low OPC content, the strength of HFSC tends to be lower than that of OPC in normal concrete. The total length of tunnel using HFSC shotcrete is about 73 m and about 500 m$$^{3}$$ of HFSC was used. This experimental construction confirmed the workability of HFSC shotcrete. Although several in-situ experiments using low alkaline cement as shotcrete have been performed at a small scale, this application of HFSC at the Horonobe URL is the first full scale application of low alkaline cement in the construction of a URL in the world. In this report, we present detailed results of the in-situ construction test.

JAEA Reports

Study on applicability of low alkaline cement in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project, 3 (Contract research)

Nakayama, Masashi; Kobayashi, Yasushi; Noguchi, Akira; Miura, Norihiko*; Noda, Masaru*; Iriya, Keishiro*; Hitomi, Takashi*

JAEA-Research 2009-036, 49 Pages, 2009/11

JAEA-Research-2009-036.pdf:20.34MB

In Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (Horonobe URL) Project, construction practicality test with HFSC (Highly Fly-ash contained Silica-fume Cement) is planned in a part of the gallery. It is necessary to validate that HFSC has performance under the actual construction, before HFSC is placed in the gallery. The main tasks in 2008 are follows; (1) suggestion of mix design for liner concrete of shaft in Horonobe URL, (2) investigation of long term pH changes in order to use for modeling, and (3) an experiment for interaction between HFSC and ground water around Horonobe URL. (1) 4 types of mix proportion are designed for ordinary concrete and high strength concrete which contains polypropylene fiber or not. As early age strength, 5N/mm$$^{2}$$ is required because of concrete formwork. HFSC424 with low water binder ratio can fulfill this requirement in combination with super plasticizer. (2) pH and components of solid and liquid phase which were made in 2003, and stored in water were analyzed. And cement paste of shotcrete which are made in 2006 were also analyzed. In this pH of shotcrete is lower than other in situ concrete since accelerating agent may act as decreasing factor of pH. (3) An experiment which investigates dissolution of HFSC cement hydrates to ground water around Horonobe URL. According to the experiment, dissolving depth of HFSC is 4 times small comparing to Ordinary Portland Cement hydrates after 30th water exchange.

Oral presentation

A Study on material properties of cast-in-place concrete using low alkaline cement

Noguchi, Akira; Nakayama, Masashi; Kobayashi, Yasushi; Miura, Norihiko*; Noda, Masaru*; Iriya, Keishiro*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

In-situ experiment using low-alkaline cement shotcrete, 1; Mix design of composition of the shotcrete for the underground gallery support

Noguchi, Akira; Nakayama, Masashi; Kishi, Hirokazu; Kitagawa, Yoshito*; Minamide, Masashi*

no journal, , 

We are researching about the low alkaline cement applying to support of galleries for high-level radioactive waste repositories. In March, 2009, we performed a experiment of shotcrete with low alkaline cement whose proportion of the binder is 40% of ordinary portland cement, 20% of silicafume and the rest 40% of flyash. By selecting the proportion 30% water binder ratio and adding superplasticizer, the slump was 23 cm and compressive strength of the hardened concrete was 38.3 MPa. This proportion satisfied the standard of the support of the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory whose compressive strength is more than 36 MPa and slump is around 21cm. The rebound ratio of the shotcrete was around 13%. This value is lower than that of ordinary portland cement. So, we can expect to get a better construction environment with this shotcerte. We decided to use this proportion in the in-situ experiment at the 140 m gallery in the Horonobe URL.

Oral presentation

Development of construction methods of a drift to be reduction of amount of cement use, 8; The Bending test of the rock segment using low alkaline mortar

Saito, Akira*; Goke, Mitsuo*; Nakaya, Atsushi*; Tada, Hiroyuki*; Hayashi, Katsuhiko; Noguchi, Akira; Kishi, Hirokazu; Nakama, Shigeo

no journal, , 

We are supposing a low cement use tunner support made for granite rock block connecting low alkaline cement applying to HLW repositories. Because of the bending moment of the segment by dead load and the variance of the earth pressure, We made a model segment bending experiment to get a mechanical properties. The maximum load of the positive bending moment is around 210kN, which is around twice of the dead load of 117kN. The other hand, the maximum load in the negative bending moment is around 44kN, as same as the dead load. As the result of observating the cracks of the model segment, We found three or four cracks along the surface of the boundary of the rock block and mortar in the positive bending experiment. The other hand, we found only one crack at the center avoiding rock block in the negative bending experiment. Next, we will improve the construction method, prevention of the crack in the segment and the exfoliation of mortar and the steel panel.

Oral presentation

Development of construction methods of a drift to be reduction of amount of cement use, 9; Test of a deformation of macadam and stability of drift tunnel

Kumasaka, Hiroo*; Saito, Akira*; Nakaya, Atsushi*; Tada, Hiroyuki*; Hayashi, Katsuhiko; Noguchi, Akira; Kishi, Hirokazu; Nakama, Shigeo

no journal, , 

We are proposing to use the rock segment reducing the amount of the cementutious materials. In this report, we are getting young's modulus and poisson's ratio from the deformation experiment of the macadam mass, and performed a stability analysis of the gallery filled with macadam between the hostrock and the rock segment. We performed a alternating bearing test with high confirming pressure, and we estimated the Young's modulus and the poisson's ratio of the mass macadam from the result of the bearing test. After that, we performed the stability analysis of the galleries in the condition of the JAEA second report with the rock segment and the macadam. We found that the strain at the surface of the host rock is smaller than that of conventional one, and the stability of the host rock is remained, and the compressive stress in the rock segment is the half of the compressive strength of it. We considered that the rock segment support system is stable enough for the supporting system.

Oral presentation

Development of low alkakinity cement shotcrete for the support of the high-level radioactive waste repositories

Noguchi, Akira; Nakayama, Masashi; Sato, Haruo

no journal, , 

We are developing to apply the Highly fly-ash contained silica-fume cement (HFSC) for the support of the high-level radioactive waste repositories with shot-crete construction technology. We showed that HFSC424, a fifth of binder is changed to silica-fume and two fifth is changed to fry-ash, has as much workability as ordinary portrand cement shotcrete. And reducing water binder ratio to 30%, we can get a mix proportion whose compressive strengh is more than 36 MPa. From June, 2009, we performed spraying test in the 140 m gallery off the west shaft of the Horonobe URL. The support made from this proportion has enough strength and this proportion of the HFSC concrete has good workability. Moreover, the dust on spraing and rebound ratio on spraying is less than ordinary shotcrete. On spraying HFSC shotcrete, the rebound ratio is very low, and less dust than ordinary one. We will construct with HFSC more, and research on the influence to the environment around the support made by the HFSC.

Oral presentation

Development of construction methods of a drift to be reduction of amount of cement use, 10; Study on bending properties of the rock segment using low alkaline mortar

Tada, Hiroyuki*; Saito, Akira*; Nakaya, Atsushi*; Kumasaka, Hiroo*; Hayashi, Katsuhiko; Noguchi, Akira; Kishi, Hirokazu; Nakama, Shigeo

no journal, , 

Bending test of the segmental rings consist of staggered pieces of rocks bonded by low-pH mortar is conducted in order to identify the mechanical properties of rock segmental rings comparing with parallel arrangement. As a result, it was found that the maximum load was reached at 130 to 210 kN in the positive bending tests for staggered rock blocks, lower than 210 to 270 kN for rock blocks arranged in parallel. In the negative bending tests, on the other hand, the maximum load was reached at 30 to 40 kN, lower than a maximum load of 40 kN for the rock blocks arranged in parallel. The results thus varied. Cracks occurred along the interface between the rock block and mortar in the specimen for the blocks arranged in parallel. For the staggered rock blocks, cracks penetrated through the mortar and the rock block near the point of loading in the specimen. Thus, it was confirmed that cracking occurred in different manners.

33 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)