sp. nov., a mesophilic sulfate-reducing deltaproteobacterium isolated from a deep siliceous mudstone formation

Ueno, Akio*; Tamazawa, Satoshi*; Tamamura, Shuji*; Murakami, Takuma*; Kiyama, Tamotsu*; Inomata, Hidenori*; Amano, Yuki; Miyakawa, Kazuya; Tamaki, Hideyuki*; Naganuma, Takeshi*; et al.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 71(2), p.004683_1 - 004683_10, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004683

A novel mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain HN2, was isolated from groundwater sampled from the subsurface Miocene Wakkanai Formation located in Horonobe, Hokkaido, Japan. The cells were Gram-negative rods, with motility conferred by a single polar flagellum. The isolate expressed desulfoviridin, but no catalase or oxidase activities was detected. Strain HN2 grew in a temperature range of 5-43 C (optimum, 35 C) and in a pH range of 6.5-7.5 (optimum, pH 7.0-7.3). It used sulfate, thiosulfate, dimethyl sulfoxide, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate, Fe, and manganese oxide as electron acceptors, but not elemental sulfur, nitrite, or nitrate. The bacterium showed very weak growth with sulfite as the electron acceptor. The strain fermented pyruvate and cysteine in the absence of sulfate, but not malate or succinate. The bacterium did not require NaCl, but tolerated up to 4% NaCl (w/v). Strain HN2 did not require vitamins. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 56.66 mol%. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the closest recognized relative of strain HN2 is JS1 (97.0% similarity). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between strain HN2 and D. JS1 was 79.8%. Based on the phenotypic and molecular genetic evidence, the isolate is assigned to the new species sp. nov. The type strain is HN2 (=DSM 101010 =NBRC 112213).

A Proposed method to estimate in situ dissolved gas concentrations in gas-saturated groundwater

Tamamura, Shuji*; Miyakawa, Kazuya; Aramaki, Noritaka*; Igarashi, Toshifumi*; Kaneko, Katsuhiko*

Groundwater, 56(1), p.118 - 130, 2018/01

http://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12573

Groundwater saturated with gas forms bubble under atmospheric pressure, bothering most authorized methods to determine in-situ dissolved gas concentrations. To circumvent this problem, a simple theory to quantify effect of [bar]) of a gas component "" (e.g., CH, CO and H) in equilibrium with in-situ dissolved concentration ( [mol L ]) was related to partial pressure of the [bar]) emerged from groundwater in the form: = + (k' /( k' )), where [bar] is groundwater pressure difference before and after the " The k' and k' corresponds to the Henry's constant [bar L mol] of (k) and (k), respectively, except for k', which is pH-dependent function. Dissolved CH concentrations were successfully estimated by the model within the error of 4.0% from the direct measurements by the sealed sampler method. Similar TIC concentration in the groundwater before and after the rm bubble formation was consistent with the model prediction. The wide application of the model is suggested without selecting sampling locations.

Development of a negative hydrogen ion source for spatial beam profile measurement of a high intensity positive ion beam

Shinto, Katsuhiro; Wada, Motoi*; Nishida, Tomoaki*; Demura, Yasuhiro*; Sasaki, Daichi*; Tsumori, Katsuyoshi*; Nishiura, Masaki*; Kaneko, Osamu*; Kisaki, Masashi*; Sasao, Mamiko*

AIP Conference Proceedings 1390, p.675 - 683, 2011/09

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3637440

A Negative ion beam probe for diagnostics of a high intensity ion beam

Shinto, Katsuhiro; Wada, Motoi*; Kaneko, Osamu*; Tsumori, Katsuyoshi*; Nishiura, Masaki*; Sasao, Mamiko*; Kisaki, Masashi*

Proceedings of 1st International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '10) (Internet), p.999 - 1001, 2010/05

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/IPAC10/papers/mope018.pdf

We propose a negative ion beam probe system as a new scheme to diagnose beam profile of high power positive ion beams. Two RF linacs of IFMIF have to drive the neutron source by providing continuous-wave (CW) positive deuterium ion beams with the intensity of 125 mA each at the beam energy of 40 MeV. During the CW beam operations, the extreme intensity of the beam and the severe radiation levels make the beam diagnostics with conventional techniques in the transport lines terribly difficult. A beam of negative ions liable to lose the additional electron at the occasion of impact with a high energy particle can work as a probe to measure the positive ion beam profile. On possible configuration to achieve high intensity beam profile measurement is to inject a negative ion probe beam into the target beam perpendicularly, and measure the attenuation of the negative ion beam by beam-beam interaction at each position. We have started an experimental study for the proof-of-principle of the new beam profile monitoring system. The paper presents the status quo of this beam profile monitor system development and the prospects to apply the system to the IFMIF beam line controls.

Dynamics of ion internal transport barrier in LHD heliotron and JT-60U tokamak plasmas

Ida, Katsumi*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; Yoshinuma, Mikiro*; Takenaga, Hidenobu; Nagaoka, Kenichi*; Hayashi, Nobuhiko; Oyama, Naoyuki; Osakabe, Masaki*; Yokoyama, Masayuki*; Funaba, Hisamichi*; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 49(9), p.095024_1 - 095024_9, 2009/09

https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/49/9/095024

Dynamics of ion internal transport barrier (ITB) formation and impurity transport both in the Large Helical Device (LHD) heliotron and JT-60U tokamak are described. Significant differences between heliotron and tokamak plasmas are observed. The location of the ITB moves outward during the ITB formation regardless of the sign of magnetic shear in JT-60U and the ITB becomes more localized in the plasma with negative magnetic shear. In LHD, the low Te/Ti ratio ( 1) of the target plasma for the high power heating is found to be necessary condition to achieve the ITB plasma and the ITB location tends to expand outward or inward depending on the condition of the target plasmas. Associated with the formation of ITB, the carbon density tends to be peaked due to inward convection in JT-60U, while the carbon density becomes hollow due to outward convection in LHD. The outward convection observed in LHD contradicts the prediction by neoclassical theory.

Extended steady-state and high-beta regimes of net-current free heliotron plasmas in the Large Helical Device

Motojima, Osamu*; Yamada, Hiroshi*; Komori, Akio*; Oyabu, Nobuyoshi*; Muto, Takashi*; Kaneko, Osamu*; Kawahata, Kazuo*; Mito, Toshiyuki*; Ida, Katsumi*; Imagawa, Shinsaku*; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 47(10), p.S668 - S676, 2007/10

https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/47/10/S15

The performance of net-current free heliotron plasmas has been developed by findings of innovative operational scenarios in conjunction with an upgrade of the heating power and the pumping/fuelling capability in the Large Helical Device (LHD). Consequently, the operational regime has been extended, in particular, with regard to high density, long pulse length and high beta. Diversified studies in LHD have elucidated the advantages of net-current free heliotron plasmas. In particular, an internal diffusion barrier (IDB) by a combination of efficient pumping of the local island divertor function and core fuelling by pellet injection has realized a super dense core as high as 510 m, which stimulates an attractive super dense core reactor. Achievements of a volume averaged beta of 4.5% and a discharge duration of 54 min with a total input energy of 1.6 GJ (490 kW on average) are also highlighted. The progress of LHD experiments in these two years is overviewed by highlighting IDB, high-beta and long pulse.

Extended steady-state and high-beta regimes of net-current free heliotron plasmas in the large helical device

Motojima, Osamu*; Yamada, Hiroshi*; Komori, Akio*; Oyabu, Nobuyoshi*; Kaneko, Osamu*; Kawahata, Kazuo*; Mito, Toshiyuki*; Muto, Takashi*; Ida, Katsumi*; Imagawa, Shinsaku*; et al.

Proceedings of 21st IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2006) (CD-ROM), 12 Pages, 2007/03

http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/FEC/FEC2006/html/node31.htm#5947

The performance of net-current free Heliotron plasmas has been developed by findings of innovative operational scenarios in conjunction with an upgrade of the heating power and the pumping/fueling capability in the Large Helical Device (LHD). Consequently, the operational regime has been extended, in particular, with regard to high density, long pulse length and high beta. Diversified studies in LHD have elucidated the advantages of net-current free heliotron plasmas. In particular, an Internal Diffusion Barrier (IDB) by combination of efficient pumping of the local island divertor function and core fueling by pellet injection has realized a super dense core as high as 510m, which stimulates an attractive super dense core reactor. Achievements of a volume averaged beta of 4.5 % and a discharge duration of 54-min. with a total input energy of 1.6 GJ (490 kW in average) are also highlighted. The progress of LHD experiments in these two years is overviewed with highlighting IDB, high and long pulse.

Induced orbital polarization of Ga ligand atoms in UGa (=Ni, Pd, and Pt)

Kuzushita, Kaori*; Ishii, Kenji; Wilkins, S. B.*; Janousova, B.*; Inami, Toshiya; Owada, Kenji; Tsubota, Masami; Murakami, Yoichi; Kaneko, Koji; Metoki, Naoto; et al.

Physical Review B, 73(10), p.104431_1 - 104431_5, 2006/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.73.104431

We report a resonant X-ray scattering study of antiferromagnetic uranium compounds UGa (=Ni, Pd, and Pt) at the Ga -edge. A large resonant signal is observed below the Nel temperatures. The azimuth dependence in both - and - polarization channels establishes that the resonant signal has the symmetry of the magnetic dipole. This resonance with the band electrons is interpreted within a semi-localized model as an orbital polarization of the Ga states induced through strong hybridization with U valence level. These results demonstrate that resonant magnetic X-ray scattering at the anions, taken in combination with symmetry arguments, can be used to determine the configuration of the U moments and provide information about the hybridization.

Resonant X-ray scattering study of UNiGa

Kuzushita, Kaori; Ishii, Kenji; Owada, Kenji; Murakami, Yoichi; Kaneko, Koji; Metoki, Naoto; Lander, G. H.; Ikeda, Shugo; Haga, Yoshinori; Onuki, Yoshichika

Physica B; Condensed Matter, 359-361, p.1045 - 1047, 2005/04

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2005.01.419

In UNiGa which shows antiferromagnetic ordering below = 86 K with 0.75 /U, we observed resonant magnetic reflections using synchrotron X-ray tuned the incident photon energy near M-edge of U and K-edge of Ga, and the large enhancement about 10 at just resonant energy of Ga K-edge although Ga is a nonmagnetic element. It is considered that the origin of the magnetic resonant scattering intensity at Ga K-edge is the Ga-4 orbital polarization induced by the 5 orbital polarization at the neighboring U atom due to the hybridization.

Single crystal growth and magnetic properties of 5-itinerant antiferromagnet UPdGa

Ikeda, Shugo; Metoki, Naoto; Haga, Yoshinori; Kaneko, Koji; Matsuda, Tatsuma; Onuki, Yoshichika; Galatanu, A.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 72(10), p.2622 - 2626, 2003/10

https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.72.2622

A single crystal of uranium ternary intermetallic compound UPdGa was grown by the Ga self-flux method. The magnetic susceptibility showed a weak temperature dependence and small anisotropy, consistent with an itinerant character of 5 electrons. We observed a clear drop in the susceptibility and electrical resistivity below the Nel temperature = 31 K. The magnetic structure was studied by means of a neutron diffraction measurement. We observed an antiferromagnetic peak with the propagation vector =[0,0,1/2]. The uranium 5 moment of 0.33/U parallel to the -axis was found to order ferromagnetically in the basal -plan and coupled antiferromagnetically along the -axis.