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Journal Articles

Development of training course on non-destructive assay of nuclear material for Asian region, 2; Development of lectures and exercises on gamma-ray measurement

Yamamoto, Masahiko; Kono, Soma; Saegusa, Yu; Kuno, Takehiko; Sekine, Megumi; Inoue, Naoko; Noro, Naoko; Rodriguez, D.; Yamaguchi, Tomoki; Stinett, J.*

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Annual Meeting 2023 (Internet), 10 Pages, 2023/05

The gamma-ray measurement part of the Non-Destructive Assay (NDA) course of safeguards and nuclear material accountancy was developed to focus on gamma-ray measurement allotting two days out of five days. The lectures on the basic characteristics and detection methods and mechanism of gamma-ray detectors were provided as e-learnings which were developed. The part for hands-on exercises were implemented in JAEA facility. Participants have set up each gamma-ray detector, and performed measurements of uranium and the other gamma-ray emitting nuclides. Also, uranium-235 enrichment measurements have been performed. In addition, the participants trained with a handheld gamma-ray spectrometer, HM-5, that is popular for IAEA safeguards as the preparation in the measurement exercise of fresh fuel assemblies in JRR-3, a research reactor facility of JAEA. This paper reports on the development, implementation, and feedback from participants on gamma-ray measurement part of the NDA course.

Journal Articles

Optimization of training effectiveness of physical protection course for Asian region; Best mix of in-person and virtual methodologies

Noro, Naoko; Sekine, Megumi; Inoue, Naoko; Scharmer, C.*; Orr, A.*

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Annual Meeting 2023 (Internet), 9 Pages, 2023/05

During the COVID-19 pandemics, ISCN has developed several online training courses on nuclear security for the regional participants to minimize the impact of global travel restriction. ISCN resumed its regional training as in-person in summer 2022. By combining in-person and virtual methodologies, ISCN and successfully designed the regional training to optimize its curriculum to optimize the effectiveness of the course. This paper reports on the development, implementation of the course to share ISCN's experience, and contribute to further enhancing effectiveness of capacity building in nuclear security.

Journal Articles

Good practices of the online training on physical protection of nuclear materials and facility

Noro, Naoko; Scharmer, C.*; Kawakubo, Yoko; Sekine, Megumi; Okuda, Masahiro; Inoue, Naoko

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Virtual Annual Meeting (Internet), 10 Pages, 2021/08

In the amid of COVID-19 pandemic, Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security (ISCN) of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) developed and conducted regional training course on physical protection of nuclear materials and facility (PP RTC) for Asian countries in October 19-30, 2020 as an online course. Maintaining the quality of in-person two-week training through online platforms was a big challenge. For effective learning, ISCN combined e-learning (self-study) and interactive learning (virtual classroom) for its online PP RTC, and engaged participants through group exercise via Zoom meeting. The paper will describe efforts of ISCN and SNL to develop the online curriculum of PP RTC and share lessons learned and good practices for course development and course implementation. The paper will also explore future application of online contents in nuclear security capacity building even after the pandemic.

Journal Articles

Conducting an online workshop on the supply chain risk in nuclear security; A Case study of designing an online event using recorded theater scene and integrating its findings for professional development

Okuda, Masahiro; Van Dassen, L.*; Lock, B.*; Inoue, Naoko; Noro, Naoko; Kawakubo, Yoko; Sekine, Megumi

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Virtual Annual Meeting (Internet), 9 Pages, 2021/08

Journal Articles

Development and implementation of online trainings at ISCN/JAEA

Inoue, Naoko; Noro, Naoko; Kawakubo, Yoko; Sekine, Megumi; Okuda, Masahiro; Hasegawa, Nobuhiko*; Naoi, Yosuke

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Virtual Annual Meeting (Internet), 10 Pages, 2021/08

Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security (ISCN) of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) celebrated its 10th anniversary in December 2020. One of its pillars is capacity building support mainly to Asian countries. 183 trainings were implemented with more than 4,600 participants since its establishment, however, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted in the implementation of the trainings. ISCN/JAEA has started to develop the online trainings since April 2020, and implemented two regional trainings, Physical Protection and State System of Accounting for and Control (SSAC) for IAEA Safeguards in October and November 2020, respectively. The efforts continue in further development of trainings/workshops, including the regional training on Additional Protocol for IAEA Safeguards Agreement Commodity Identification Training, and other two national workshops with foreign instructors. Online training can provide not only training opportunities for those who have difficulty in traveling for security and safety reasons including under the travel restriction by COVID-19 pandemic, but also could serve in making them more effective and efficient, especially by the combination with in-person trainings. The pandemic, as a result, accelerate ISCN/JAEA to develop and implement the online trainings, which key is the international collaboration with the partners including IAEA, DOE/NNSA and Sandia National Laboratories and International Nuclear Nonproliferation and Security Academy (INSA) of the Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control (KINAC). This paper will provide the efforts of ISCN/JAEA how to address the online training development and implementation, current status, lesson learned, and future plan.

Journal Articles

ISCN/JAEA-IAEA online SSAC training development

Kawakubo, Yoko; Stevens, R.*; Pickett, S.*; Sekine, Megumi; Noro, Naoko; Inoue, Naoko

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Virtual Annual Meeting (Internet), 10 Pages, 2021/08

Journal Articles

Application of virtual tour for online training safeguards exercises

Sekine, Megumi; Sukegawa, Hidetoshi; Ishikuro, Yasuhiro; Oyama, Koji; Obata, Takashi; Hayashi, Kazuhiko; Inoue, Naoko

Proceedings of INMM & ESARDA Joint Virtual Annual Meeting (Internet), 10 Pages, 2021/08

The Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security (ISCN) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) developed the virtual tour of a reference nuclear facility. The developed virtual tour was applied to the Design Information Questionnaire (DIQ) workshop exercise for the online SSAC course held in November 2020 in connection with the IAEA safeguards-related regional training course. Also, it was applied to the Complementary Access (CA) exercise for the online workshop of the Nuclear Security and Safeguards Project under the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA), held in February 2021. The workshop exercises have been implemented for in-person format however due to COVID-19 pandemic, a virtual tour was applied. The virtual tour was found to be a strong tool not only for online training as an alternative for a facility tour, but also considered to be more advantageous even for the in-person training. The developed virtual tour of a reference nuclear facility, going to shut down, can find potentially varied applications. The paper describes how to create a virtual tour of a reference research reactor facility for the DIQ and CA exercises respectively which have different learning objectives. It emphasizes how the features of the reference facility were captured and the challenges encountered to convey to the training participants the importance of providing the required design information while not being physically present at the facility. It also show the advantage of using the same virtual tour to describe the safeguards-related verification activities of a complementary access. Virtual tours can be applied to a variety of training.

JAEA Reports

Final report on feasibility study of Pu monitoring and solution measurement of high active liquid waste containing fission product at Reprocessing Facility

Sekine, Megumi; Matsuki, Takuya; Suzuki, Satoshi*; Tsutagi, Koichi; Nishida, Naoki; Kitao, Takahiko; Tomikawa, Hirofumi; Nakamura, Hironobu; LaFleur, A.*; Browne, M.*

JAEA-Technology 2019-023, 160 Pages, 2020/03

JAEA-Technology-2019-023.pdf:9.43MB

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has proposed in its Research and Development plan (STR-385), the development of technology to enable real-time flow measurement of nuclear material as a part of an advanced approach to effective and efficient safeguards for reprocessing facilities. To address this, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has been tackling development of a new detector to enable monitoring of Pu in solutions with numerous FPs as a joint research program with U.S. DOE to cover whole reprocessing process. In this study, High Active Liquid Waste (HALW) Storage Facility in Tokai Reprocessing Plant was used as the test field. At first, the design information of HALW storage tank and radiation (type and intensity) were investigated to develop a Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) model. And then, dose rate distribution outside/ inside of the concrete cell where the HALW tank is located was measured to design new detectors and check MCNP model applicability. Using the newly designed detectors, gamma rays and neutron were continuously measured at the outside/ inside of the concrete cell to assess the radiation characteristics and to optimize detector position. Finally, the applicability for Pu monitoring technology was evaluated based on the simulation results and gamma-ray/neutron measurement results. We have found that there is possibility to monitor the change of Pu amount in solution by combination both of gamma-ray and neutron measurement. The results of this study suggested the applicability and capability of the Pu motoring to enhance safeguards for entire reprocessing facility which handles Pu with FP as a feasibility study. This is final report of this project.

Journal Articles

Effective capacity-building development based on good practices from the additional protocol implementation

Rodriguez, P.; Senzaki, Masao; Sekine, Megumi

Proceedings of INMM 60th Annual Meeting (Internet), 9 Pages, 2019/07

The ISCN of the JAEA has been providing assistance, specifically to Asian countries, for the past 8 years, since its establishment in 2010. The ratification of the Protocol Additional (AP) to the safeguards agreement, had involved some changes in the Asian countries resource infrastructures to adhere with the respective States obligations on nuclear non-proliferation. During the 7th FNCA workshop held in Mito, Japan in September 2017, under the Nuclear Security and Safegaurds Project (NSSP), a 3-year plan on the formulation of a generic set of Fundamentals on the Implementation of the Additional Protocol was proposed. To formulate this set of fundamentals, there was a need to prepare a set of Examples of good practices on the implementation of the AP based on the FNCA members experience. The ISCN was tasked to prepare the template and conduct the needed survey among the FNCA members of the project on nuclear security and safeguards. This paper provides a preliminary summary and analysis of the responses received. This paper presents the analysis of the good practices that were implemented in order for the States to satisfy the requirements of the IAEA, as stipulated in the AP. The nuclear fuel cycle characteristics of the involved Asian countries are quite different in several aspects, thus entailing a diverse strategy in resource infrastructure development. This paper describes how every country may have different approaches towards achieving the same objectives. It is worthwhile to look into these various practices, find commonality and share the experience. The objective of formulating a set of fundamentals on AP implementation will be achieved through a compilation and analysis of good practices and shared experiences among its members. The preliminary result on this project was introduced at the 8th FNCA workshop held in Beijing, China in September 2018.

Journal Articles

Root-endophytic Chaetomium cupreum chemically enhances aluminium tolerance in $$Miscanthus sinensis$$ via increasing the aluminium detoxicants, chlorogenic acid and oosporein

Haruma, Toshikatsu*; Yamaji, Keiko*; Ogawa, Kazuyoshi*; Masuya, Hayato*; Sekine, Yurina; Kozai, Naofumi

PLOS ONE (Internet), 14(2), p.e0212644_1 - e0212644_16, 2019/02

 Times Cited Count:21 Percentile:79.41(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Miscanthus sinensis Andersson is a pioneer plant species that grows naturally at mining sites. $$Miscanthus sinensis$$ can detoxify aluminium (Al) by producing phytosiderophores. Root-endophytic Chaetomium cupreum, which produces microbial siderophores, enhances Al tolerance in M. sinensis. We identified the siderophore produced by C. cupreum as oosporein. It was revealed that oosporein could detoxify Al. Inoculation test of C. cupreum onto M. sinensis in acidic mine soil showed that C. cupreum promoted seedling growth, and enhanced Al tolerance.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study result of advanced solution measurement and monitoring technology for reprocessing facility

Sekine, Megumi; Matsuki, Takuya; Suzuki, Satoshi*; Tsutagi, Koichi; Tomikawa, Hirofumi; Nakamura, Hironobu; LaFleur, A.*; Browne, M.*

Proceedings of IAEA Symposium on International Safeguards; Building Future Safeguards Capabilities (Internet), 8 Pages, 2018/11

The IAEA has proposed, in its Research and Development plan (STR-385), the development of technology to enable real-time flow measurement of nuclear material as part of an advanced approach to effective and efficient safeguards for reprocessing facilities. To address this, JAEA and JNFL had previously designed and developed a neutron coincidence based non-destructive assay system to monitor Pu in solution directly after a purification process. To enhance this technology for entire reprocessing facilities, as a feasibility study, JAEA has been tackling development of a new detector to enable monitoring of Pu in solutions with numerous fission products (FPs) as a joint research program with the U.S. DOE. In this study, the High Active Liquid Waste (HALW) Storage Facility in Tokai Reprocessing Plant (TRP) was used as the test bed. The design information of the HALW storage tank and radiation (type and intensity) were investigated, to develop a Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) model. Then, dose rate distribution inside the concrete cell where the HALW tank is located was measured, to enable design of new detectors and check the integrity of the MCNP model and its applicability. Using the newly-designed detectors, $$gamma$$-rays and neutrons could be measured continuously at the outside/inside of the concrete cell, to optimize detector position and the radiation characteristics. The applicability as a Pu-monitoring technology was evaluated, based on the simulation results and $$gamma$$-ray/neutron measurement results. We have found that there is a possibility to monitor the change of Pu amount in solution by combination of $$gamma$$-ray and neutron measurements. The results of this study suggest a feasibility study into the applicability and capability of Pu monitoring to enhance the entire reprocessing facility handling Pu with FPs. In this paper, a summary of the project will be presented.

Journal Articles

Demonstration of $$gamma$$-ray pipe-monitoring capabilities for real-time process monitoring safeguards applications in reprocessing facilities

Rodriguez, D.; Tanigawa, Masafumi; Nishimura, Kazuaki; Mukai, Yasunobu; Nakamura, Hironobu; Kurita, Tsutomu; Takamine, Jun; Suzuki, Satoshi*; Sekine, Megumi; Rossi, F.; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 55(7), p.792 - 804, 2018/07

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Nuclear material in reprocessing facilities is safeguarded by random sample verification with additional continuous monitoring applied to solution masses and volume in important tanks to maintain continuity-of-knowledge of process operation. Measuring the unique $$gamma$$ rays of each solution as the material flows through pipes connecting all tanks and process apparatuses could potentially improve process monitoring by verifying the compositions in real time. We tested this $$gamma$$ ray pipe-monitoring method using plutonium-nitrate solution transferred between tanks at the PCDF-TRP. The $$gamma$$ rays were measured using a lanthanum-bromide detector with a list-mode data acquisition system to obtain both time and energy of $$gamma$$-ray. The analysis and results of this measurement demonstrate an ability to determine isotopic composition, process timing, flow rate, and volume of solution flowing through pipes, introducing a viable capability for process monitoring safeguards verification.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study of technology for Pu solution monitoring including FP; Development of gamma spectra detector for high active liquid waste

Sekine, Megumi; Matsuki, Takuya; Tokoro, Hayate; Tsutagi, Koichi; Kitao, Takahiko; Nakamura, Hironobu; Tomikawa, Hirofumi

Proceedings of INMM 59th Annual Meeting (Internet), 10 Pages, 2018/07

In a reprocessing facility, it is necessary to develop a detector which can measure plutonium (Pu) content in the Pu solutions containing fission products (FP) in order to expand the application of Pu monitoring. In order to establish this technology, JAEA has studied a system measure $$gamma$$-rays was utilized since it applicable for Pu monitoring. Ce:GAGG (Ce:Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$) scintillator detector can measure a wide energy range in a high-dose environment and has reasonable resolution. $$gamma$$-ray measurements were performed inside of the concrete cell containing the High Active Liquid Waste tank at the Tokai reprocessing plant. In the spectra, the two significant peaks were measured by the GAGG above 800 keV and were considered to be from Eu-154. There $$gamma$$-ray measurements will be combined with previous neutron measurements and both will be compared to MCNP models for future Pu monitoring technology. This presentation will describe the detector selection, the design system, the results of $$gamma$$-ray spectral measurements and the applicability for Pu monitoring. This project has been carried out under the support of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of the Japanese government.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study of technology for Pu solution monitoring including FP; Design of GAGG detector and gamma spectrum measurement

Sekine, Megumi; Matsuki, Takuya; Tokoro, Hayate; Tsutagi, Koichi; Tomikawa, Hirofumi; Nakamura, Hironobu

Nihon Kaku Busshitsu Kanri Gakkai Dai-38-Kai Nenji Taikai Rombunshu (Internet), 9 Pages, 2018/04

In a reprocessing facility, it is necessary to develop a detector which is measurable plutonium (Pu) amount in the Pu solution containing the Fission Product (FP) in order to expand the application of Pu monitoring. To investigate $$gamma$$ rays which is applicable for Pu monitoring, Ce:GAGG (Ce: Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$) scintillator which can measure a wide range of energy at high dose and has high resolution (Target: High Active Liquid Waste (HALW)) was newly designed and developed in deal with aim for Pu quantitativeness. $$gamma$$ ray measurement was performed to the HALW in the concrete cell using the detector, and it was confirmed that high energy $$gamma$$ rays (9.5 MeV) could be measured and high energy $$gamma$$ rays spectra over 3 MeV without deriving from FP at the first time. In this presentation, detector design, results of $$gamma$$ ray spectra measurement, applicability evaluation to Pu monitoring and the future plan are presented. This project has been carried out under the support of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of the Japanese government.

Journal Articles

New approach for monitoring of nuclear material in nitric acid solution using $$^{14}$$N(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{15}$$N reaction

Sekine, Megumi; Tomikawa, Hirofumi

Energy Procedia, 131, p.274 - 278, 2017/12

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.03

The IAEA has proposed in its long-term R&D plan, development of real-time measurement technology for monitoring and verifying nuclear material movement continuously. At a PULEX reprocessing facility, HNO$$_{3}$$ solution with dissolved spent fuel, such as FPs and nuclear materials, flows in pipes and stores in tanks. In order to detect and deter nuclear material being stolen from the process, measuring the 10.8 MeV $$gamma$$ rays emitted by $$^{14}$$N(n,$$gamma$$)$$^{15}$$N reaction activated by spontaneous neutrons might be useful for continuous monitoring of liquid flow. In general, since high dose $$gamma$$ rays emitted from FPs are dominant below 3 MeV, it is expected that the 10.8 MeV peak would not be affected by the FP peaks. As the first step, some kinds of detectors and measurement configuration were analyzed through MCNP based on 10.8 MeV $$gamma$$ rays activated by neutrons from a $$^{252}$$Cf source.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study of advanced measurement technology for solution monitoring at reprocessing plant; Dose rate measurement for the solution including Pu with FP

Matsuki, Takuya; Yamanaka, Atsushi; Sekine, Megumi; Suzuki, Satoshi*; Yasuda, Takeshi; Tsutagi, Koichi; Tomikawa, Hirofumi; Nakamura, Hironobu; LaFleur, A. M.*; Browne, M. C.*

Proceedings of INMM 58th Annual Meeting (Internet), 8 Pages, 2017/07

The Tokai Reprocessing Plant (TRP) has been developing a new detector from 2015 to 2017 for purpose to monitor Pu amount in High Active Liquid Waste (HALW) containing FP. It can make a contribution to an advanced approach to effectively and efficiently conduct safeguards for reprocessing facilities because it becomes available to monitor and verify nuclear material movement continuously by a new detector, which has proposed by IAEA. For the second step of this project, we conducted dose rate measurement on the guide rail installing in the cell storing the HALW tank and comparison between measured dose rate distribution and calculation result by MCNP simulation in order to investigate the dose rate distribution which is needed for shielding design of a new detector that is used for radiation (neutron/$$gamma$$ spectrum) measurement in the cell and inquest on the monitoring position of the detector for Pu monitoring. In this paper, we report the result of the dose rate measurement in the cell, improvement of the simulation model which is cleared by comparison between measurement result and calculation result and our future plan.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study of advanced technology for Pu with FP solution monitoring; Overview of research plan and modelling for simulation

Sekine, Megumi; Matsuki, Takuya; Suzuki, Satoshi; Tanigawa, Masafumi; Yasuda, Takeshi; Yamanaka, Atsushi; Tsutagi, Koichi; Nakamura, Hironobu; Tomikawa, Hirofumi; LaFleur, A. M.*; et al.

EUR-28795-EN (Internet), p.788 - 796, 2017/00

The IAEA has proposed in its long-term R&D plan, the development of technology to enable real-time flow measurement of nuclear material as a part of an advanced approach to effective and efficient safeguards for reprocessing facilities. To address this, JAEA has designed and developed a neutron coincidence based nondestructive assay system to monitor Pu directly in solutions which is after purification process and contains very little fission products (FPs). A new detector to enable monitoring of Pu in solutions with numerous FPs is being developed as a joint research program with U.S. DOE at the High Active Liquid Waste (HALW) Storage Facility in Tokai Reprocessing Plant. As the first step, the design information of HALW tank was investigated and samples of HALW was taken and analyzed for Pu concentration and isotope composition, density, content of dominant nuclides emitting $$gamma$$ ray or neutron, etc. in order to develop a Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) of the HALW tank. In addition, $$gamma$$ ray source spectra simulated by Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) was developed by extracting peaks from the analysis data with germanium detector. These outputs are used for the fundamental data in the MCNP model which is then used to evaluate the type of detector, shielding design and measurement positions. In order to evaluate available radiations to measure outside the cell wall, continuous $$gamma$$ ray and neutron measurement were carried out and the results were compared to the simulation results. The measurement results showed that there are no FP peaks above 3 MeV. This paper presents an overview of the research plan, characteristics of HALW, development of source term for MCNP, simulation of radiation dose from the HALW tank and radiation measurement results at outside of cell wall.

JAEA Reports

Study of transparency in the field of nuclear nonproliferation conducted at JAEA

Kawakubo, Yoko; Sekine, Megumi; Tomikawa, Hirofumi

JAEA-Review 2016-017, 57 Pages, 2016/10

JAEA-Review-2016-017.pdf:7.73MB

Nuclear transparency is recognized as essential to provide additional assurance and enhance confidence building in the Asia-Pacific as this region has a broad spectrum of nuclear development underway and planned in the future. It is expected that elevated nuclear transparency should also supplement and reinforce International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards. With this recognition, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has committed various studies and activities for enhancing regional transparency mainly with U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its national laboratories. The efforts include transparency concept study, development of the remote monitoring system at the Experimental Fast Reactor JOYO, cooperation to Council for Security and Cooperation in Asia Pacific (CSCAP) to develop internet-based transparency tools, establishment of Information Sharing Framework (ISF), and the hosting of a series of workshops. Based on all the achievements of the past efforts, JAEA is now moving from "study phase" toward the "implementation phase" of information sharing for enhancing its nuclear transparency. The ISF website was opened in 2015 as a part of Asia Pacific Safeguards Network (APSN) website for JAEA to provide relevant information to APSN members. This report summarizes the past studies and activities performed in JAEA for almost 20 years to enhance regional nuclear transparency and discusses the future prospect.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study of technology for Pu solution monitoring including FP; Composition research of high active liquid waste and radiation measurement results on the surface of cell

Matsuki, Takuya; Masui, Kenji; Sekine, Megumi; Tanigawa, Masafumi; Yasuda, Takeshi; Tsutagi, Koichi; Ishiyama, Koichi; Nishida, Naoki; Horigome, Kazushi; Mukai, Yasunobu; et al.

Proceedings of INMM 57th Annual Meeting (Internet), 9 Pages, 2016/07

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has proposed in its long-term research and development (R&D) plan, development of a real-time measurement technology to monitor and verify nuclear material movement continuously as part of an advanced approach to effectively and efficiently conduct safeguards for reprocessing facilities. Since the Tokai Reprocessing Plant (TRP) has solutions containing both Pu and fission products (FP), a new detector development project to monitor Pu with FP is being carried out from 2015 to 2017. This project is mainly conducted in the High Active Liquid Waste Storage (HALWS) in the TRP. For the first step of this project, as the confirmation of composition of high active liquid waste (HALW) to evaluate neutron/$$gamma$$-ray emitted from solution in the selected HALW tank which has the most amount of Pu in HALW tanks at the TRP, we took HALW sample and conducted $$gamma$$-ray spectrum measurement for HALW. As a study of detector setting location, to survey the available neutron/$$gamma$$-ray (i.e. intensity) at the outside surface of the cell where HALW tank is located, we implemented continuous measurement by neutron/$$gamma$$-ray detector. In this paper, we report three $$gamma$$-ray peaks related with $$^{238}$$Pu and $$^{239}$$Pu measured in the composition research of HALW, which is needed to identify Pu amount by the new detector that we are developing and the result of radiation measurement on the surface of the cell.

Journal Articles

Feasibility study of technology for Pu solution monitoring including FP; Overview and research plan

Sekine, Megumi; Matsuki, Takuya; Tanigawa, Masafumi; Tsutagi, Koichi; Mukai, Yasunobu; Shimizu, Yasuyuki; Nakamura, Hironobu; Tomikawa, Hirofumi

Proceedings of INMM 57th Annual Meeting (Internet), 9 Pages, 2016/07

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has proposed in its long-term research and development plan, development of a real-time measurement technology to monitor and verify nuclear material movement continuously as part of an advanced approach to effectively and efficiently conduct safeguards for reprocessing facilities. In the reprocessing plant, since solutions containing both Pu and FP exist, a new detector development project to monitor Pu with FP is being carried out from 2015 to 2017. This project is mainly conducted in the High Active Liquid Waste Storage (HALWS) in Tokai Reprocessing Plant (TRP). In this paper, an overview of the technology development, simulation results of preliminary evaluation of the characteristics of radiation emitted from the HALW tank at TRP, and the future research plan are presented.

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