Key factors controlling radiocesium sorption and fixation in river sediments around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, 1; Insights from sediment properties and radiocesium distributions

Tachi, Yukio; Sato, Tomofumi*; Akagi, Yosuke*; Kawamura, Makoto*; Nakane, Hideji*; Terashima, Motoki; Fujiwara, Kenso; Iijima, Kazuki

Science of the Total Environment, 724, p.138098_1 - 138098_11, 2020/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138098

To understand and predict radiocesium transport behaviors in the environment, highly contaminated sediments from Ukedo and Odaka rivers around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant were investigated systematically focusing on key factors controlling radiocesium sorption and fixation, including particle size, clay mineralogy and organic matter.

Sorption behavior of U and Np on zeolite

Ishidera, Takamitsu; Tachi, Yukio; Akagi, Yosuke*; Ashida, Takashi

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.221 - 224, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.221

In Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, radionuclides are removed from contaminated water by the decontamination system using zeolite. In this study, sorption properties of U and Np on zeolite were investigated by batch sorption experiments to obtain fundamental information for predicting the radionuclides inventory. High distribution coefficients were observed for U in the simulated sea water diluted 10 times by deionized water. In contrast, low distribution coefficient of U was observed in simulated sea water. Low distribution coefficients were observed for Np independent of simulated sea water concentration. Batch sorption experiments of U carried out as functions of sodium ion and total inorganic carbon concentration suggested that the distribution coefficient of U was strongly affected by the total inorganic carbon concentration. This result suggests that aqueous species of radionuclides and their sorption behavior need to be considered to estimate the inventory of radionuclides in zeolite.

Effects of fine-scale surface alterations on tracer retention in a fractured crystalline rock from the Grimsel Test Site

Tachi, Yukio; Ito, Tsuyoshi*; Akagi, Yosuke*; Sato, Hisao*; Martin, A. J.*

Water Resources Research, 54(11), p.9287 - 9305, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023145

Effects of fine-scale surface alterations on radionuclide migration in fractured crystalline rocks were investigated by a comprehensive approach coupling a series of laboratory tests, microscopic observations and modelling, using a single fractured granodiorite sample from the Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland. Laboratory tests including through-diffusion, batch sorption and flow-through tests using five tracers indicated that tracer retention was consistently in the sequence of HDO, Se, Cs, Ni, Eu, and as well as showing the existence of a diffusion-resistance layer near the fracture surface, cation excess and anion exclusion effects for diffusion. Microscale heterogeneities in structural properties around the fracture were clarified quantitatively by coupling X-ray CT and EPMA. A three layer model including weathered vermiculite, foliated mica and undisturbed matrix layers, and their properties such as porosity, sorption and diffusion parameters, could provide a reasonable interpretation for breakthrough curves and concentration distributions near fracture surface of all tracers, measured in flow-through tests.

Decontamination of radioactive concrete waste and reuse of aggregate using pulsed power technology

Sakamoto, Hiroyuki*; Akagi, Yosuke*; Yamada, Kazuo*; Tachi, Yukio; Fukuda, Daisuke*; Ishimatsu, Koichi*; Matsuda, Mikiya*; Saito, Nozomi*; Uemura, Jitsuya*; Namihira, Takao*; et al.

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi, 17(2), p.57 - 66, 2018/05

https://doi.org/10.3327/taesj.J16.037

Concrete debris contaminated with radioactive cesium and other nuclides have been generated from the accident in the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant and there will be generated due to the decommissioning of nuclear power plants in the future. Although conventional decontamination techniques are effective for flat concrete surfaces such as floors and walls, it is not clear what techniques to apply for decontaminating radioactive concrete debris. In this study, focusing on a pulsed power discharge technique, fundamental experimental works were carried out. Decontamination of concrete by applying the aggregate recycling technique using the pulsed power discharge technique was evaluated by measuring radioactivity of aggregate and sludge separated from the contaminated concrete. The results suggest that the separation into aggregate and sludge of the contaminated concrete debris could achieve decontamination and volume reduction of the radioactive concrete debris.

Demonstrative experiments on the migration of radiocesium from buried soil contaminated by the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

Yamaguchi, Tetsuji; Shimada, Taro; Ishibashi, Makoto*; Akagi, Yosuke*; Kurosawa, Mitsuru*; Matsubara, Akiyoshi*; Matsuda, Yuki*; Sato, Shigeyoshi*

Genshiryoku Bakkuendo Kenkyu (CD-ROM), 22(2), p.21 - 27, 2015/12

https://doi.org/10.3327/jnuce.22.2_21

It is predictable from previous studies that radiocesium hardly migrate into surrounding soils and groundwater from soils contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident if they are buried and covered with indigenous soils. This study demonstrated the prediction by performing in-situ migration experiments over a year in a public park in Miho, Ibaraki prefecture and in two public parks in Misato, Saitama prefecture. Contaminated soils were buried at a depth range of 0.3 - 1.0 m or at 0.3 - 1.3 m and covered with indigenous soil layer of 0.3 m, and were sprinkled with water to accelerate the radiocesium migration. Migration of radiocesium was not observed from radiometric analyses of boring cores and soil water samples. Laboratory column and sorption experiments revealed that the radiocesium hardly leach out of the soil and even if they leach out from the contaminated soil, radiocesium is sorbed on surrounding soils and hardly migrate through the soli layer. Simulation of Cs-137 migration for 100 years by an advection-diffusion model showed that Cs-137 hardly migrate and decay out in the contaminated soil.

Demonstration of high-flux photon generation from an ERL-based laser Compton photon source

Nagai, Ryoji; Hajima, Ryoichi; Mori, Michiaki; Shizuma, Toshiyuki; Akagi, Tomoya*; Araki, Sakae*; Honda, Yosuke*; Kosuge, Atsushi*; Terunuma, Nobuhiro*; Urakawa, Junji*

Proceedings of 6th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '15) (Internet), p.1607 - 1609, 2015/06

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/IPAC2015/papers/tupje002.pdf

Accelerator and laser technologies required for laser Compton scattering (LCS) photon source based on an energy-recovery linac (ERL) have been developed at the Compact ERL (cERL) facility. A high-flux, energy tunable, and monochromatic photon source such as the ERL-based LCS photon source is necessary for nondestructive assay of nuclear materials. For the demonstration of the ERL-based LCS photon generation, a laser enhancement cavity was installed at the recirculation loop of the cERL. The electron beam energy, the laser wavelength, and the collision angle are 20 MeV, 1064 nm, and 18 deg., respectively. The calculated maximum energy of the LCS photons is about 7 keV. A silicon drift detector (SDD) with active area of 17 mm placed 16.6 m from the collision point was used for observation of the LCS photons. As a result of the measurement, the flux on the detector, central energy, and energy width of the LCS photons were obtained as 1200 /s, 6.91 keV, and 81 eV, respectively.

Development of the beamline flux monitor for the laser Compton-scattered photon source

Nagai, Ryoji; Hajima, Ryoichi; Mori, Michiaki; Shizuma, Toshiyuki; Akagi, Tomoya*; Kosuge, Atsushi*; Honda, Yosuke*; Urakawa, Junji*

Proceedings of 11th Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan (Internet), p.839 - 842, 2014/10

http://www.pasj.jp/web_publish/pasj2014/proceedings/PDF/SAP1/SAP113.pdf

In order to demonstrate accelerator and laser technologies required for a laser Compton scattering (LCS) photon generation, a LCS photon source is under construction at the Compact ERL (cERL). We considered the flux monitors for the adjustment LCS photon source. A thin scintillator detector and a silicon drift detector are employed as flux monitors and are installed at the upstream part of the LCS beamline. The background signal level due to the bremsstrahlung of the electron beam was measured by a CsI(pure) scintillator. In the result of the measurement, the background signal is acceptable level for the flux monitors.

Research and development for treatment and disposal technologies of TRU waste; JFY 2010 annual report

Kamei, Gento; Honda, Akira; Oda, Chie; Hirano, Fumio; Ichige, Satoru; Kurimoto, Yoshitaka; Hoshino, Seiichi; Akagi, Yosuke; Sato, Nobuyuki; Takahashi, Kuniaki; et al.

JAEA-Research 2012-010, 80 Pages, 2012/06

JAEA-Research-2012-010.pdf:7.45MB

Based on Japanese governmental policy and general scheme, research and development of geological disposal technology for TRU waste has been proceeding to improve reliability of the safety assessment of the co-locational disposal of TRU waste and of HLW, to expand the basement of generic safety assessment, and to develop the alternative technology to cope with the broad geologic environment of Japan. Japan Atomic Energy Agency is dealing with the assignments in the governmental generic scheme. We report here the progress of the studies at the end of H22 (2010) Japanese fiscal year and their products during the last 5 years. These include (1) evaluation of long-term mechanical stability in the near-field including development of a creep mode of rock and analyses of mechanical behavior of TRU waste repository, (2) performance assessment of the disposal system including cementitious material alteration, bentonite and hostrock alteration with alkaline solution and nitrate effect, and (3) alternative technology development including decomposition of nitrate.

Evaluation method of pH elevation due to reaction between hydrates of ordinary Portland cement and saline groundwater

Masuda, Kenta; Oda, Chie; Nakanishi, Hiroshi*; Sasaki, Ryoichi*; Takase, Toshio*; Akagi, Yosuke*; Fujita, Hideki*; Negishi, Kumi*; Honda, Akira

JAEA-Research 2008-104, 194 Pages, 2009/03

JAEA-Research-2008-104.pdf:9.43MB

Saline groundwater contains high concentrations of chloride ions, which possibly elevate the pH of cement pore water by reacting with hydrogarnet and producing Friedel's salt. Calcium aluminate hydrates and portlandite, which can be found in hydrated ordinary Portland cement (OPC), were immersed in a sodium chloride solution, which had concentrations similar to those found in seawater.

Investigation of pH elevation caused by reaction between cement hydrates and saline water

Nakanishi, Hiroshi; Honda, Akira; Oda, Chie; Sasaki, Ryoichi; Fujita, Hideki*; Negishi, Kumi*; Takase, Toshio*; Akagi, Yosuke*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English