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Matthi
, D.*; Ehresmann, B.*; Lohf, H.*; K
hler, J.*; Zeitlin, C.*; Appel, J.*; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Slaba, T. C.*; Martin, C.*; Berger, T.*; et al.
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate (Internet), 6, p.A13_1 - A13_17, 2016/03
Times Cited Count：65 Percentile：93.52(Astronomy & Astrophysics)The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) has been measuring the radiation environment on the surface of Mars since August 6th 2012. In this work, several models such as GEANT4, PHITS, and HZETRN/OLTARIS are used to predict the radiation environment caused by galactic cosmic rays on Mars in order to compare and validate them with the experimental results. Although good agreement is found in many cases for GEANT4, PHITS and HZETRN/OLTARIS, some models still show large, sometimes order of magnitude, discrepancies in certain particle spectra. We have found that RAD data is helping make better choices of input parameters and physical models. These results help to predict dose rates for future manned missions as well as to perform shield optimization studies.
Appel, P.*; Na-Oy, L.*; Hatsukawa, Yuichi; Osawa, Takahito; Kystol, J.*; S
rensen, L.*
Danmarks og Grnlands Geologiske Undersgelse Rapport, Vol.127, 39 Pages, 2011/12
This report presents the results of experiments involving the revival of an old method for removal of mercury from tailings after gold extraction by small-scale miners. Numerous tailings from small-scale gold mining are found throughout the Philippines. The tailings have proved to contain large amounts of mercury (up to 250 gram per ton). Furthermore, the tailings contain large amounts of gold locked-up in the mercury - up to 16 gram per ton. The mercury occurs as mercury flour (globules less than a millimetre across). Mercury flour is produced through milling of gold ore, when the mercury is added to tailling drums (whole ore amalgamation). The globules "hidden" in the mercury flour cannot be recovered by small-scale gold miners in any environmentally benign ways.
