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Journal Articles

Multiple mechanisms in proton-induced nucleon removal at $$sim$$100 MeV/nucleon

Pohl, T.*; Sun, Y. L.*; Obertelli, A.*; Lee, J.*; G$'o$mez-Ramos, M.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Yoshida, Kazuki; Cai, B. S.*; Yuan, C. X.*; Brown, B. A.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 130(17), p.172501_1 - 172501_8, 2023/04

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:90.46(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We report on the first proton-induced single proton- and neutron-removal reactions from the neutron deficient $$^{14}$$O nucleus with large Fermi-surface asymmetry at $$sim$$100 MeV/nucleon. Our results provide the first quantitative contributions of multiple reaction mechanisms including the quasifree knockout, inelastic scattering, and nucleon transfer processes. It is shown that the inelastic scattering and nucleon transfer, usually neglected at such energy regime, contribute about 50% and 30% to the loosely bound proton and deeply bound neutron removal, respectively.

Journal Articles

Large collectivity in $$^{29}$$Ne at the boundary of the island of inversion

Revel, A.*; Wu, J.*; Iwasaki, Hironori*; Ash, J.*; Bazin, D.*; Brown, B. A.*; Chen, J.*; Elder, R.*; Farris, P.*; Gade, A.*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 838, p.137704_1 - 137704_7, 2023/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Competition between allowed and first-forbidden $$beta$$ decays of $$^{208}$$At and expansion of the $$^{208}$$Po level scheme

Brunet, M.*; Podoly$'a$k, Zs.*; Berry, T. A.*; Brown, B. A.*; Carroll, R. J.*; Lica, R.*; Sotty, Ch.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Borge, M. J. G.*; Cubiss, J. G.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 103(5), p.054327_1 - 054327_13, 2021/05

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:58.42(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

PARaDIM; A PHITS-based Monte Carlo tool for internal dosimetry with tetrahedral mesh computational phantoms

Carter, L. M.*; Crawford, T. M.*; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Furuta, Takuya; Choi, C.*; Kim, C. H.*; Brown, J. L.*; Bolch, W. E.*; Zanzonico, P. B.*; Lewis, J. S.*

Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 60(12), p.1802 - 1811, 2019/12

 Times Cited Count:18 Percentile:80.86(Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging)

Voxel human phantoms have been used for internal dose assessment. More anatomically accurate representation become possible for skins or layer tissues owing to recent developments of advanced polygonal mesh-type phantoms and thus internal dose assessment using those advanced phantoms are desired. However, the Monte Carlo transport calculation by implementing those phantoms require an advanced knowledge for the Monte Carlo transport codes and it is only limited to experts. We therefore developed a tool, PARaDIM, which enables users to conduct internal dose calculation with PHITS easily by themselves. With this tool, a user can select tetrahedral-mesh phantoms, set radionuclides in organs, and execute radiation transport calculation with PHITS. Several test cases of internal dosimetry calculations were presented and usefulness of this tool was demonstrated.

Journal Articles

A New Standard DNA Damage (SDD) data format

Schuemann, J.*; McNamara, A. L.*; Warmenhoven, J. W.*; Henthorn, N. T.*; Kirkby, K.*; Merchant, M. J.*; Ingram, S.*; Paganetti, H.*; Held, K. D.*; Ramos-Mendez, J.*; et al.

Radiation Research, 191(1), p.76 - 93, 2019/01

 Times Cited Count:45 Percentile:94.61(Biology)

We propose a new Standard DNA Damage (SDD) data format to unify the interface between the simulation of damage induction in DNA and the biological modelling of DNA repair processes, and introduce the effect of the environment (molecular oxygen or other compounds) as a flexible parameter. Such a standard greatly facilitates inter-model comparisons, providing an ideal environment to tease out model assumptions and identify persistent, underlying mechanisms. Through inter-model comparisons, this unified standard has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced DNA damage and the resulting observable biological effects when radiation parameters and/or environmental conditions change.

Journal Articles

CIELO collaboration summary results; International evaluations of neutron reactions on uranium, plutonium, iron, oxygen and hydrogen

Chadwick, M. B.*; Capote, R.*; Trkov, A.*; Herman, M. W.*; Brown, D. A.*; Hale, G. M.*; Kahler, A. C.*; Talou, P.*; Plompen, A. J.*; Schillebeeckx, P.*; et al.

Nuclear Data Sheets, 148, p.189 - 213, 2018/02

 Times Cited Count:61 Percentile:98.12(Physics, Nuclear)

The CIELO collaboration has studied neutron cross sections on nuclides that significantly impact criticality in nuclear facilities - $$^{235}$$U, $$^{238}$$U, $$^{239}$$Pu, $$^{56}$$Fe, $$^{16}$$O and $$^{1}$$H - with the aim of improving the accuracy of the data and resolving previous discrepancies in our understanding. This multi-laboratory pilot project, coordinated via the OECD/NEA Working Party on Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC) Subgroup 40 with support also from the IAEA, has motivated experimental and theoretical work and led to suites of new evaluated libraries that accurately reflect measured data and also perform well in integral simulations of criticality. This report summarizes our results and outlines plans for the next phase of this collaboration.

Journal Articles

The CIELO collaboration; Progress in international evaluations of neutron reactions on Oxygen, Iron, Uranium and Plutonium

Chadwick, M. B.*; Capote, R.*; Trkov, A.*; Kahler, A. C.*; Herman, M. W.*; Brown, D. A.*; Hale, G. M.*; Pigni, M.*; Dunn, M.*; Leal, L.*; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 146, p.02001_1 - 02001_9, 2017/09

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:95.25

The CIELO collaboration has studied neutron cross sections on nuclides ($$^{16}$$O, $$^{56}$$Fe, $$^{235,238}$$U and $$^{239}$$Pu) that significantly impact criticality in nuclear technologies with the aim of improving the accuracy of the data and resolving previous discrepancies in our understanding. This multi-laboratory pilot project, coordinated via the OECD/NEA Working Party on Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC) Subgroup 40 with support also from the IAEA, has motivated experimental and theoretical work and led to suites of new evaluated libraries that accurately reflect measured data and also perform well in integral simulations of criticality.

Journal Articles

Implementation of tetrahedral-mesh geometry in Monte Carlo radiation transport code PHITS

Furuta, Takuya; Sato, Tatsuhiko; Han, M. C.*; Yeom, Y. S.*; Kim, C. H.*; Brown, J. L.*; Bolch, W. E.*

Physics in Medicine & Biology, 62(12), p.4798 - 4810, 2017/06

 Times Cited Count:10 Percentile:47.85(Engineering, Biomedical)

A new function to treat tetrahedral-mesh geometry, a type of polygon-mesh geometry, was implemented in the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code Systems (PHITS). Tetrahedral-mesh is suitable to describe complex geometry including curving shapes. In addition, construction of three-dimensional geometry using CAD software becomes possible with file format conversion. We have introduced a function to create decomposition maps of tetrahedral-mesh objects at the initial process so that the computational time for transport process can be reduced. Owing to this function, transport calculation in tetrahedral-mesh geometry can be as fast as that for the geometry in voxel-mesh with the same number of meshes. Due to adaptability of tetrahedrons in size and shape, dosimetrically equivalent objects can be represented by tetrahedrons with much fewer number of meshes compared with the voxels. For dosimetric calculation using computational human phantom, significant acceleration of the computational speed, about 4 times, was confirmed by adopting the tetrahedral mesh instead of the voxel.

Journal Articles

A New view of the tree of life

Hug, L. A.*; Baker, B. J.*; Anantharaman, K.*; Brown, C. T.*; Probst, A. J.*; Castelle, C. J.*; Butterfield, C. N.*; Hernsdorf, A. W.*; Amano, Yuki; Ise, Kotaro; et al.

Nature Microbiology (Internet), 1(5), p.16048_1 - 16048_6, 2016/05

 Times Cited Count:1110 Percentile:99.97(Microbiology)

The tree of life is one of the most important organizing principles in biology. Gene surveys suggest the existence of an enormous number of branches, but even an approximation of the full scale of The Tree has remained elusive. Here, we use newly available information from genomes of uncultivated organisms, along with other published sequences, to present a new version of the Tree of life, with Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryotes included. The depiction is both a global overview and a snapshot of the diversity within each major lineage. The results imply the predominance of bacterial diversification and underline the importance of organisms lacking isolated representatives, with substantial evolution concentrated in a major radiation of such organisms.

Journal Articles

One-neutron pickup into $$^{49}$$Ca; Bound neutron $$g_{9/2}$$ spectroscopic strength at $$N$$ = 29

Gade, A.*; Tostevin, J. A.*; Bader, V. M.*; Baugher, T.*; Bazin, D.*; Berryman, J. S.*; Brown, B. A.*; Hartley, D. J.*; Lunderberg, E.*; Recchia, F.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 93(3), p.031601_1 - 031601_5, 2016/03

AA2015-0859.pdf:0.32MB

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:70.72(Physics, Nuclear)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

The CIELO Collaboration; Neutron reactions on $$^1$$H, $$^{16}$$O, $$^{56}$$Fe, $$^{235,238}$$U, and $$^{239}$$Pu

Chadwick, M. B.*; Dupont, E.*; Bauge, E.*; Blokhin, A.*; Bouland, O.*; Brown, D. A.*; Capote, R.*; Carlson, A. D.*; Danon, Y.*; De Saint Jean, C.*; et al.

Nuclear Data Sheets, 118, p.1 - 25, 2014/04

 Times Cited Count:105 Percentile:98.52(Physics, Nuclear)

CIELO (Collaborative International Evaluated Library Organization) provides a new working paradigm to facilitate evaluated nuclear reaction data advances. It brings together experts from across the international nuclear reaction data community to identify and document discrepancies among existing evaluated data libraries, measured data, and model calculation interpretations, and aims to make progress in reconciling these discrepancies to create more accurate ENDF-formatted files. The focus will initially be on a small number of the highest-priority isotopes, namely $$^{1}$$H, $$^{16}$$O, $$^{56}$$Fe, $$^{235,238}$$U, and $$^{239}$$Pu. This paper identifies discrepancies between various evaluations of the highest priority isotopes. The evaluated data for these materials in the existing nuclear data libraries are reviewed, and some integral properties are given. The paper summarizes a program of nuclear science and computational work needed to create the new CIELO nuclear data evaluations.

Journal Articles

Guidelines for thermodynamic sorption modelling in the context of radioactive waste disposal

Payne, T. E.*; Brendler, V.*; Ochs, M.*; Baeyens, B.*; Brown, P. L.*; Davis, J. A.*; Ekberg, C.*; Kulik, D.*; Lutzenkirchen, J.*; Missana, T.*; et al.

Environmental Modelling & Software, 42, p.143 - 156, 2013/04

 Times Cited Count:58 Percentile:90.52(Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications)

Thermodynamic sorption models (TSMs) can be utilised to provide a scientific basis for Kd setting in the safety case, and for assessing the response of Kd to changes in chemical conditions. The TSM development involves a series of decisions on model features such as surface sites, sorption reactions and electrostatic corrections. There is a lack of consensus on the best ways to develop TSMs, and the NEA has therefore co ordinated an international project to assess the strategies and processes for building a TSM. This paper presents recommendations from the project on a number of aspects of TSM development in the context of radioactive waste disposal. Key recommendations include: definition of modelling objectives, identification of major decision points, a clear decision making rationale with reference to experimental or theoretical evidence, a suitable consultative and iterative model development process, testing to the maximum practicable extent, and documentation of key decisions.

Journal Articles

Spins and magnetic moments of $$^{49}$$K and $$^{51}$$K; Establishing the 1/2$$^+$$ and 3/2$$^+$$ level ordering beyond $$N$$ = 28

Papuga, J.*; Bissell, M. L.*; Kreim, K.*; Blaum, K.*; Brown, B. A.*; De Rydt, M.*; Garcia Ruiz, R. F.*; Heylen, H.*; Kowalska, M.*; Neugart, R.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 110(17), p.172503_1 - 172503_5, 2013/04

 Times Cited Count:33 Percentile:81.74(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

ENDF/B-VII.1 nuclear data for science and technology; Cross sections, covariances, fission product yields and decay data

Chadwick, M. B.*; Herman, M.*; Oblo$v{z}$insk$'y$, P.*; Dunn, M. E.*; Danon, Y.*; Kahler, A. C.*; Smith, D. L.*; Pritychenko, B.*; Arbanas, G.*; Arcilla, R.*; et al.

Nuclear Data Sheets, 112(12), p.2887 - 2996, 2011/12

 Times Cited Count:1934 Percentile:100(Physics, Nuclear)

The ENDF/B-VII.1 library is our latest recommended evaluated nuclear data file for use in nuclear science and technology applications, and incorporates advances made in the five years since the release of ENDF/B-VII.0. These advances focus on neutron cross sections, covariances, fission product yields and decay data, and represent work by the US Cross Section Evaluation Working Group (CSEWG) in nuclear data evaluation that utilizes developments in nuclear theory, modeling, simulation, and experiment. It features extension of covered nuclei, covariance data for 190 nuclei, R-matrix analyses of neutron reactions on light nuclei, updates for some medium-heavy and actinoid nuclei, etc. Criticality benchmark tests with a transport simulation code MCNP shows improved performances.

Journal Articles

Isomeric states observed in heavy neutron-rich nuclei populated in the fragmentation of a $$^{208}$$Pb beam

Steer, S. J.*; Podoly$'a$k, Z.*; Pietri, S.*; G$'o$rska, M.*; Grawe, H.*; Maier, K.*; Regan, P. H.*; Rudolph, D.*; Garnsworthy, A. B.*; Hoischen, R.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 84(4), p.044313_1 - 044313_22, 2011/10

 Times Cited Count:61 Percentile:94.44(Physics, Nuclear)

Heavy neutron-rich nuclei were populated via the fragmentation of a E/A=1 GeV $$_{82}^{208}$$Pb beam. Secondary fragments were separated and identified and subsequently implanted in a passive stopper. By the detection of delayed $$gamma$$ rays, isomeric decays associated with these nuclei have been identified. A total of 49 isomers were detected, with the majority of them observed for the first time. Possible level schemes are constructed and the structure of the nuclei discussed. To aid the interpretation, shell-model as well as BCS calculations were performed.

Journal Articles

In-beam $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy of $$^{35}$$Mg and $$^{33}$$Na

Gade, A.*; Basin, D.*; Brown, B. A.*; Campbell, C. M.*; Cook, J. M.*; Ettenauer, S.*; Glasmacher, T.*; Kemper, K. W.*; McDaniel, S.*; Obertelli, A.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 83(4), p.044305_1 - 044305_5, 2011/04

 Times Cited Count:21 Percentile:75.65(Physics, Nuclear)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Two-proton knockout from $$^{32}$$Mg; Intruder amplitudes in $$^{30}$$Ne and implications for the binding of $$^{29,31}$$F

Fallon, P.*; Rodriguez-Vieitez, E.*; Macchiavelli, A. O.*; Gade, A.*; Tostevin, J. A.*; Adrich, P.*; Bazin, D.*; Bowen, M.*; Campbell, C. M.*; Clark, R. M.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 81(4), p.041302_1 - 041302_5, 2010/04

 Times Cited Count:38 Percentile:88.35(Physics, Nuclear)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Proton acceleration experiments and warm dense matter research using high power lasers

Roth, M.*; Alber, I.*; Bagnoud, V.*; Brown, C. R. D.*; Clarke, R.*; Daido, Hiroyuki; Fernandez, J.*; Flippo, K.*; Gaillard, S.*; Gauthier, C.*; et al.

Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 51(12), p.124039_1 - 124039_7, 2009/12

 Times Cited Count:27 Percentile:72.19(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Journal Articles

$$d_{5/2}$$ proton hole strength in neutron-rich $$^{43}$$P; Shell structure and nuclear shapes near $$N$$=28

Riley, L. A.*; Adrich, P.*; Baugher, T. R.*; Bazin, D.*; Brown, B. A.*; Cook, J. M.*; Cottle, P. D.*; Diget, C. A.*; Gade, A.*; Garland, D. A.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 78(1), p.011303_1 - 011303_5, 2008/07

 Times Cited Count:25 Percentile:79.15(Physics, Nuclear)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Single-neutron knockout from intermediate energy beams of $$^{30,32}$$Mg; Mapping the transition into the "island of inversion"

Terry, J. R.*; Brown, B. A.*; Campbell, C. M.*; Cook, J. M.*; Davies, A. D.*; Dinca, D.-C.*; Gade, A.*; Glasmacher, T.*; Hansen, P. G.*; Sherrill, B. M.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 77(1), p.014316_1 - 014316_12, 2008/01

 Times Cited Count:74 Percentile:95.45(Physics, Nuclear)

no abstracts in English

29 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)