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Journal Articles

Evaluation of bending strain in Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands of CIC conductor using neutron diffraction

Hemmi, Tsutomu*; Harjo, S.; Kajitani, Hideki*; Suwa, Tomone*; Saito, Toru*; Aizawa, Kazuya; Osamura, Kozo*; Koizumi, Norikiyo*

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 27(4), p.4200905_1 - 4200905_5, 2017/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:7.98(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Journal Articles

Development of evaluation procedure for critical current of periodically bent Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strand

Kajitani, Hideki; Ishiyama, Atsushi*; Agatsuma, Ko*; Murakami, Haruyuki; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Koizumi, Norikiyo

Teion Kogaku, 50(12), p.608 - 615, 2015/12

A cable-in-conduit (CIC) conductor using Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strand is applied to an ITER TF coil. The Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strand in the conductor is periodically bent due to electromagnetic force, which causes degradation of performance. This degradation should be evaluated to predict conductor critical current performance. In a past study, a numerical simulation model was developed to evaluate the superconductivity of a periodically bent single strand. However, this model is not suitable for application to strands in the conductor because of the extensive calculation time. The author thus developed a new analytical model with a much shorter calculation time to evaluate the performance of periodically bent strand. This new model uses the classical model concept of a high transverse resistance model (HTRM). The calculated results show good agreement with the test results of a periodically bent Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strand. This indicates that a more practical solution can be achieved when evaluating the performance of periodically bent strands. Thus, the model developed in this study can be applied to evaluate the performance of conductors incorporating many strands.

Journal Articles

Accuracy of prediction method of cryogenic tensile strength for austenitic stainless steels in ITER toroidal field coil structure

Sakurai, Takeru; Iguchi, Masahide; Nakahira, Masataka; Saito, Toru*; Morimoto, Masaaki*; Inagaki, Takashi*; Hong, Y.-S.*; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; et al.

Physics Procedia, 67, p.536 - 542, 2015/07

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:73.39

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has developed the tensile strength prediction method at liquid helium temperature (4K) using the quadratic curve as a function of the content of carbon and nitrogen in order to establish the rationalized quality control of the austenitic stainless steel used in the ITER superconducting coil operating at 4K. ITER is under construction aiming to verify technical demonstration of a nuclear fusion generation. Toroidal Field Coil (TFC), one of superconducting system in ITER, have been started procurement of materials in 2012. JAEA is producing materials for actual product which are the forged materials with shape of rectangle, round bar, asymmetry and etc. JAEA has responsibility to procure all ITER TFC Structures. In this process, JAEA obtained many tensile strength of both room temperature and 4K about these structural materials, for example, JJ1: High manganese stainless steel for structure (0.03C-12Cr-12Ni-10Mn-5Mo- 0.24N) and 316LN: High nitrogen containing stainless steel (0.2Nitrogen). Based on these data, accuracy of 4K strength prediction method for actual TFC Structure materials was evaluated and reported in this study.

Journal Articles

Behavior of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable assembled with conduit for ITER central solenoid

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Suwa, Tomone; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Sakurai, Takeru; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(3), p.4200305_1 - 4200305_5, 2015/06

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Journal Articles

Effects of high-pressure annealing on critical current density in 122 type iron pnictide wires

Pyon, S.*; Tsuchiya, Yuji*; Inoue, Hiroshi*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Kajitani, Hideki; Tamegai, Tsuyoshi*

Physica C, 504, p.69 - 72, 2014/09

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:19.63(Physics, Applied)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Nuclear energy (Technical topic); Development of ITER toroidal field (TF) coil

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Takano, Katsutoshi; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo

Yosetsu Gakkai-Shi, 83(6), p.497 - 502, 2014/09

JAEA, serving as the Japan Domestic Agency (JADA) in the ITER project, is responsible for the procurement of 9 TF coils. In the TF coil, the radial plate (RP) structure is selected to improve electrical and mechanical reliability of the electrical insulation. Since the superconductor is degraded by the bending strain of 0.1% after the reaction heat-treatment, the conductor is inserted into the RP after winding to D-shape and the heat-treatment. To insert the conductor into the RP, the winding and RP groove length must be controlled with accuracy of 0.02% (7 mm on the 1 turn of 34 m). Accordingly, the targets for solving this issue are as follows: (1) Development of manufacturing procedure of the RP; (2) Development of winding head to achieve highly accurate winding; (3) Estimation of the conductor elongation after the heat-treatment. Therefore, JAEA can establish manufacturing plan for the TF coil as a result of the R&D for these targets.

Journal Articles

Optimization of heat treatment of Japanese Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for toroidal field coils in ITER

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Suwa, Tomone; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.6000605_1 - 6000605_5, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:39.64(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Investigation of strand bending in the He-inlet during reaction heat treatment for ITER TF Coils

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kajitani, Hideki; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4802704_1 - 4802704_4, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:9.47(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), as Japan Domestic Agency, has responsibility to procure nine ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coils. The TF coil winding consists of a Nb$$_{3}$$Sn Cable-In-Conduit conductor, a pair of joints and a He-inlet. The current capacity of 68 kA is required at the magnetic field of 7 T around the He-inlet region in the TF coil winding. During reaction heat-treatment, the compressive residual strain in Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable is induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients between the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable and stainless steel jacket. The strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet is anticipated since there is the compressive residual strain and a gap between the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable and the He-inlet to introduce SHE flow. If the strand is bent, the variation of mechanical behaviors, such as the elongation of He-inlet during the reaction heat-treatment and the thermally induced residual strain on the jacket around the He-inlet, are expected. To investigate the strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet, the following items are performed; (1) elongation measurement during reaction heat-treatment, (2) residual longitudinal strain measurement using strain gauges by sample cuttings, (3) nondestructive inspection on the cable and strands using high resolution X-ray CT, Detail of test results and investigation of the strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet are reported and discussed.

Journal Articles

Comparison of $$J$$c characteristics in PIT wires based on BaFe$$_{2}$$As$$_{2}$$ with different substitutions

Tamegai, Tsuyoshi*; Pyon, S.*; Ding, Q. P.*; Inoue, Hiroshi*; Kobayashi, Hiroki*; Tsuchiya, Yuji*; Sun, Y.*; Kajitani, Hideki; Koizumi, Norikiyo

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 507(2), p.022041_1 - 022041_4, 2014/05

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:76.75

The author studied the effect of chemical compound for superconducting performance ($$J$$c) of iron-based superconductors. As a result, it was revealed that BaFe$$_{2}$$As$$_{2}$$ showed high Jc. And more, BaFe$$_{2}$$As$$_{2}$$ showed higer $$J$$c such as 32,000A/cm$$^{2}$$ (4.2K) by being applied of 120 MPa of hot isostatic pressure (HIP). Thus, higher $$J$$c performance could be achieved.

Journal Articles

Enhancement of critical current densities in (Ba,K)Fe$$_{2}$$As$$_{2}$$ by 320 MeV Au irradiation in single crystals and by high-pressure sintering in powder-in-tube wires

Pyon, S.*; Taen, Toshihiro*; Otake, Fumiaki*; Tsuchiya, Yuji*; Inoue, Hiroshi*; Akiyama, Hiroki*; Kajitani, Hideki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Okayasu, Satoru; Tamegai, Tsuyoshi*

Applied Physics Express, 6(12), p.123101_1 - 123101_4, 2013/12

 Times Cited Count:20 Percentile:63.51(Physics, Applied)

We demonstrate a large enhancement of critical current density ($$J$$$$_{rm c}$$) up to 1.0 $$times$$ 10$$^{7}$$ A/cm$$^{2}$$ at 5 K under self-field in (Ba,K)Fe$$_{2}$$As$$_{2}$$ single crystals by irradiating 320 MeV Au ions. With the very promising potential of this material in mind, we have fabricated a (Ba,K)Fe$$_{2}$$As$$_{2}$$ superconducting wire through a powder-in-tube method combined with the hot isostatic pressing technique, whose effectiveness has been proven in industrial Bi2223 tapes. The Jc in the wire at 4.2 K has reached 37 kA/cm$$^{2}$$ under self-field and 3.0 kA/cm$$^{2}$$ at 90 kOe. Magneto-optical imaging of the wire confirmed the large intergranular Jc in the wire core.

Journal Articles

Investigation of degradation mechanism of ITER CS conductor sample using TAKUMI

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Harjo, S.; Kajitani, Hideki; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Abe, Jun; Gong, W.; Aizawa, Kazuya; et al.

KEK Progress Report 2013-4, p.45 - 47, 2013/11

The gradual degradation was observed in the results for ITER CS conductor samples. To investigate its origin, the internal strain in the sample after the testing was successfully measured using a neutron diffraction technique non-destructively. Up to now, the transverse electromagnetic loading has been considered as an origin of the degradation due to the local bending at the high loading side (HLS). However, as a result of the neutron diffraction measurement, the large bending at the LLS of the HFZ was found. The large bending was considered as an origin of the strand buckling due to the large void generated by the transverse electromagnetic loading and the thermally induced residual compressive strain. For the improvement of the conductor performance on the strand buckling, the shorter twisting pitch (STP) can be considered. The result of the SULTAN testing of the conductor sample with STP found very effective, and the performance degradation was negligible.

Journal Articles

Neutron diffraction measurement of internal strain in the first Japanese ITER CS conductor sample

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Harjo, S.; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Kajitani, Hideki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Aizawa, Kazuya; Machiya, Shutaro*; Osamura, Kozo*

Superconductor Science and Technology, 26(8), p.084002_1 - 084002_6, 2013/08

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:55.58(Physics, Applied)

JAEA has responsibly to procure all ITER CS conductors. Several conductor samples was fabricated and tested. From the result of the cyclic testing in first conductor sample named JACS01 and second conductor sample named JACS02, the continuous linear degradation of the current sharing temperature ($$T$$$$_{cs}$$) was observed. To investigate the $$T$$$$_{cs}$$ degradation, the visual inspection of JACS01 right leg was performed. As a result, the large deflection at the lower loading side (LLS) in the high field zone (HFZ) was observed. The bending strain of the strands cannot be evaluated from the only deflection obtained by a visual inspection. To evaluate the strain of strands in the conductor sample quantitatively, the neutron diffraction measurement of JACS01 left leg was performed using the engineering materials diffractometer in J-PARC. From the result, the large bending strain at the LLS in the HFZ was observed. Therefore, the degraded position in the conductor sample can be determined.

Journal Articles

Analytical study of degradation of CIC conductor performance due to strand bending and buckling

Kajitani, Hideki; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Murakami, Haruyuki; Koizumi, Norikiyo

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.6001505_1 - 6001505_5, 2013/06

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:35.14(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Critical current of cable-in-conduit conductors (CICCs) for ITER TF coils was measured. It was found from these test results that the measured critical current was lower than that evaluated from the critical current performance of a single strand. One of the explanations for this phenomenon is a non-uniform current distribution due to (1) unbalanced resistance among strands and between the strand and the upper/bottom joint and (2) local degradation of strand in the conductor. It is reported that the former was improved by using solder-filled joint but the latter issue seems to still remain. Therefore, the author developed a new analysis model for the calculation of strain distribution in the conductor taking account of strand bending and buckling and then, combined this with the electrical circuit model developed by authors before. Simulation results show that when local degradation is significant, the conductor performance can be degraded. In this presentation, these results are reported.

Journal Articles

Examination of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn conductors for ITER central solenoids

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801604_1 - 4801604_4, 2013/06

 Times Cited Count:10 Percentile:48.09(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

ITER magnet systems; From qualification to full scale construction

Nakajima, Hideo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Iguchi, Masahide; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Chida, Yutaka; Kajitani, Hideki; Takano, Katsutoshi; Isono, Takaaki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

Proceedings of 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2012) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2013/03

The ITER organization and 6 Domestic Agencies (DA) have been implementing the construction of ITER superconducting magnet systems. Four DAs have already started full scale construction of Toroidal Field (TF) coil conductors. The qualification of the radial plate manufacture has been completed, and JA and EU are ready for full scale construction. JA has qualified full manufacturing processes of the winding pack with a 1/3 prototype and made 2 full scale mock-ups of the basic segments of TF coil structure to optimize and industrialize the manufacturing process. Preparation and qualification of the full scale construction of the TF coil winding is underway by EU. Procurement of the manufacturing equipment is near completion and qualification of manufacturing processes has already started. The constructions of other components of the ITER magnet systems are also going well towards the main goal of the first plasma in 2020.

Journal Articles

Test results and investigation of Tcs degradation in Japanese ITER CS conductor samples

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Yoshikawa, Masatoshi*; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kajitani, Hideki; Hamada, Kazuya; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4803305_1 - 4803305_5, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:44 Percentile:85.91(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

To characterize the performance of the CS conductor, a CS conductor sample was tested in the SULTAN facility at CRPP. As a result of the cyclic test up to 1000 cycles, measured Tcs was in good agreement with the expected Tcs, which is calculated by the characteristics of the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and the designed strain. However, continuous degradation of Tcs was observed after 1000 cycles. The degradation of Tcs was around 0.6 K from 1000 cycles to 6000 cycles. On the other hand, the degradation of Tcs by cyclic operation is nearly 0.1 K from 1000 cycles to 10,000 cycles in the CS Insert test at JAEA in 2000. To investigate the causes for the degradation of Tcs, the following items are performed; (1) strain measurement by neutron diffraction, (2) strain measurement by sample cuttings, (3) strand position observation, (4) visual inspection on strands, (5) filament breakage observation, (6) modeling and calculation of the degradation. Detailed results will be presented and discussed.

Journal Articles

Examination of Japanese mass-produced Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ebisawa, Noboru; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4804804_1 - 4804804_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:65.56(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Numerical simulation of current distribution in cable-in-conduit conductor for ITER TF coil

Kajitani, Hideki*; Ishiyama, Atsushi*; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Murakami, Haruyuki; Nakajima, Hideo

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(3), p.1964 - 1968, 2011/06

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:29.22(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

The critical current of cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) for ITER TF coil was measured using SULTAN test facility. However, it was found that a non-uniform current distribution was established due to a non-uniform joint resistance. To more precisely evaluate critical current performance, solder filling joint was applied. To study the effect of solder filled joint on the current distribution, the authors developed a new analysis model. The lumped circuit model and distributed circuit model were used for the conductor and joint, respectively, and they are combined. This allow us to avoid iteration to solve distributed circuit equation, resulting in much reduction of calculation time. The simulation results show that although non-uniform current distribution can be established by ramping current, it is improved at current sharing temperature. Thus, the efficiency of solder filling joint is indicated.

Oral presentation

Numerical simulation on critical current degradation of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strand with different cross sectional structure in CICC

Kajitani, Hideki*; Ueda, Hiroshi*; Ishiyama, Atsushi*; Murakami, Haruyuki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Okuno, Kiyoshi

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Numerical simulation of current distribution in CICC for ITER TF coil

Kajitani, Hideki*; Ueda, Hiroshi*; Ishiyama, Atsushi*; Murakami, Haruyuki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Okuno, Kiyoshi

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

52 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)