Formation of high-quality SiO/GaN interfaces with suppressed Ga-oxide interlayer via sputter deposition of SiO

Onishi, Kentaro*; Kobayashi, Takuma*; Mizobata, Hidetoshi*; Nozaki, Mikito*; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Shimura, Takayoshi*; Watanabe, Heiji*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 62(5), p.050903_1 - 050903_4, 2023/05

https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/acd1ca

While the formation of an GaO interlayer is key to achieving SiO/GaN interfaces with low defect density, it can affect the reliability and stability of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices if the annealing conditions are not properly designed. In the present study, we aimed to minimize the growth of the GaO layer on the basis of the sputter deposition of SiO on GaN. Synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectrometry measurements confirmed the suppressed growth of the GaO layer compared with a SiO/GaN structure formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Negligible GaO growth was also observed when subsequent oxygen annealing up to 600C was performed. A MOS device with negligible capacitance-voltage hysteresis, nearly ideal flat-band voltage, and low leakage current was demonstrated by performing oxygen and forming gas annealing at temperatures of 600C and 400C, respectively.

Magnetic orderings from spin-orbit coupled electrons on kagome lattice

Watanabe, Jin*; Araki, Yasufumi; Kobayashi, Koji*; Ozawa, Akihiro*; Nomura, Kentaro*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 91(8), p.083702_1 - 083702_5, 2022/08

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.91.083702

We investigate magnetic orderings on kagome lattice numerically from the tight-binding Hamiltonian of electrons, governed by the filling factor and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of electrons. We find that even a simple kagome lattice model can host both ferromagnetic and noncollinear antiferromagnetic orderings depending on the electron filling, reflecting gap structures in the Dirac and flat bands characteristic to the kagome lattice. Kane-Mele- or Rashba-type SOC tends to stabilize noncollinear orderings, such a magnetic spirals and 120-degree antiferromagnetic orderings, due to the effective Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction from SOC. The obtained phase structure helps qualitative understanding of magnetic orderings in various kagome-layered materials with Weyl or Dirac electrons.

Development of evaluation method for photocatalytic ability by ion chromatography combined with a flow-type reactor; Application to immobilized photocatalyst materials prepared by double-layer coating method

Sugita, Tsuyoshi; Kobayashi, Kentaro*; Yamazaki, Taiki*; Isaka, Mayu*; Itabashi, Hideyuki*; Mori, Masanobu*

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A; Chemistry, 400, p.112662_1 - 112662_8, 2020/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112662

In this study, we developed an in-line photocatalytic performance evaluation system in which a flow reactor was connected to the ion chromatography to accurately evaluate the performance of the photocatalyst. This system was used to evaluate the photocatalyst supported by the two-layer support method on the substrate, such as glass beads. The performance of the photocatalyst was evaluated using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and it was possible to monitor the decomposition of DMSO by UV and the formation of by-products, such as methane sulfonate (MSO) and sulfate (SA). This system can be expected to be useful not only for evaluating the decomposition performance of an object using a photocatalyst but also for evaluating the byproducts.

Evaluation of photocatalytic abilities by variation of conductivity and dimethyl sulfoxide; Photocatalytically active TiO-coated wire mesh prepared via a double-layer coating method

Mori, Masanobu*; Sugita, Tsuyoshi; Fujii, Kengo*; Yamazaki, Taiki*; Isaka, Mayu*; Kobayashi, Kentaro*; Iwamoto, Shinji*; Itabashi, Hideyuki*

Analytical Sciences, 34(12), p.1449 - 1453, 2018/12

https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.18N012

The photocatalyst coating stainless-steel wire mesh (TiO-WM) was prepared by double-layer coating method. The TiO-WM was evaluated using flow analytical system, which included the reactor and conductimetric detector (FAS-CD). The DMSO decomposition test through the FAS-CD reveal that photocatalytst was stable coating on the stainless-steel wire mesh.

Numerical evaluation of the light transport properties of alternative He-3 neutron detectors using ceramic scintillators

Ozu, Akira; Takase, Misao*; Haruyama, Mitsuo; Kurata, Noritaka*; Kobayashi, Nozomi*; Kureta, Masatoshi; Nakamura, Tatsuya; To, Kentaro; Sakasai, Kaoru; Suzuki, Hiroyuki; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 798, p.62 - 69, 2015/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.07.020

The light transport properties of scintillator light inside alternative He-3 neutron detector modules using scintillator sheets have been investigated by a ray-tracing simulation code. The detector module consists of a light-reflecting tube, a thin rectangular ceramic scintillator sheet laminated on a glass plate, and two photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) mounted at both ends of the detector tube. The light induced on the surface of the scintillator sheet via nuclear interaction between the scintillator and neutrons are detected by the two PMTs. The light output of various detector modules in which the scintillator sheets are installed with several different arrangements were examined and evaluated in comparison with experimental results. The results derived from the simulation reveal that the light transport property is strongly dependent on the arrangement of the scintillator sheet inside the tube and the shape of the tube.

Real-time observation of irradiated HeLa-cell modified by fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell-cycle indicator using synchrotron X-ray microbeam

Narita, Ayumi; Kaminaga, Kiichi; Yokoya, Akinari; Noguchi, Miho; Kobayashi, Katsumi*; Usami, Noriko*; Fujii, Kentaro

Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 166(1-4), p.192 - 196, 2015/09

https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncv156

For the knowledge about irradiation effects of mammalian cells depending on the cell cycle, most of them had been analyzed by statistical approches. Our purpose is to establish the method for real-time observation of irradiated cells under a microscope. Fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) human cancer (HeLa) cells (red indicates G1; green, S/G2) were exposed to a synchrotron X-ray microbeam. Cells in either G1 or S/G2 were selectively irradiated according to cell color observed in the same microscopic field in a culture dish. Time-lapse micrographs of the irradiated cells were acquired for 24 h after irradiation. The cell cycle was strongly arrested by irradiation at S/G2 and never progressed to G1. In contrast, cells irradiated at G1 progress to S/G2 with a similar time course as non-irradiated control cells. These results show single FUCCI cell exposure and live cell imaging are powerful methods for studying radiation effects on the cell cycle.

Evaluation of light transport property in alternative He-3 neutron detectors using ceramic scintillators by a ray-tracing simulation

Ozu, Akira; Takase, Misao*; Kurata, Noritaka*; Kobayashi, Nozomi*; Tobita, Hiroshi; Haruyama, Mitsuo; Kureta, Masatoshi; Nakamura, Tatsuya; Suzuki, Hiroyuki; To, Kentaro; et al.

Proceedings of 2014 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference; 21st International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and -ray detectors (NSS/MIC 2014), 5 Pages, 2014/00

https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431175

In Japan Atomic Energy Agency, the helium-3 alternative neutron detector using ceramic scintillators for nuclear safeguards is under development with the support of the government. The alternative detector module consists of four components: an aluminum regular square tube, a light reflecting foil put on the inner surface of the square tube, a rectangular scintillator sheet sintered on a glass plate, and two PMTs provided at both ends of the tube. The scintillator sheet is fit on the diagonal inside the square tube. The light transport property of scintillator lights inside the tube influences on the fundamental performance of the alternative detector. Therefore, the properties of the lights emitted on the surface of the scintillator sheet and scintillation lights passing through the glass plate to the PMTs in several arrangements of the scintillator in the tubes were investigated with a ray-tracing simulation. The results are described in comparison with the experimental results.

Study on evaluation of ductile damage of aluminum single crystal using synchrotron white X-ray

Shibano, Junichi*; Kiso, Minoru*; Kajiwara, Kentaro*; Shobu, Takahisa; Miura, Setsuo*; Kobayashi, Michiaki*

Zairyo, 62(7), p.443 - 450, 2013/07

https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.62.443

The ductile damage progress of the FCC single crystal was verified by the profile analysis using the white X-ray obtained in BL28B2 beam-line of SPring-8. In this study, an aluminum single crystal of the purity 6N was used as a specimen prepared in the I-type geometry for tensile test. The notch was introduced into one side of the center of a parallel part of the specimen by wire electric discharge machining. White X-ray, which has 200 microns in height and 100 microns in width, was incident into the specimen on the Bragg angle of 3 in the horizontal plane using energy dispersive X-ray diffraction technique. As a result, in 1.1% of applied strain, increase of the lattice strain was observed in the direction of about 45 of slant from the notch bottom. In 2.2% of applied strain, the lattice strain reduced in the direction of about 45 of slant from the notch bottom. Non-uniform strain and dislocation density decreased similarly.

Detection and activity of iodine-131 in brown algae collected in the Japanese coastal areas

Morita, Takami*; Niwa, Kentaro*; Fujimoto, Ken*; Kasai, Hiromi*; Yamada, Haruya*; Nishiuchi, Ko*; Sakamoto, Tatsuya*; Godo, Waichiro*; Taino, Seiya*; Hayashi, Yoshihiro*; et al.

Science of the Total Environment, 408(16), p.3443 - 3447, 2010/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.001

Iodine-131 (I) was detected in brown algae collected off the Japanese coast. The maximum measured specific activity of I in brown algae was 0.370.010 Bq/kg-wet. Cesium-137 (Cs) was also detected in all brown algal samples used in this study. There was no correlation between specific activities of I and Cs in these seaweeds. Low specific activity and minimal variability of Cs in brown algae indicated that past nuclear weapon tests were the source of Cs. Although nuclear power facilities are known to be pollution sources of I, there was no relationship between the sites where I was detected and the locations of nuclear power facilities. Most of the sites where I was detected were near big cities with large populations. On the basis of the results, we suggest that the likely pollution source of I, detected in brown seaweeds, is not nuclear power facilities, but nuclear medicine procedures.

Transmission imaging and strain mapping in the vicinity of internal crack tip using synchrotron white X-ray

Shibano, Junichi*; Kajiwara, Kentaro*; Kiriyama, Koji*; Shobu, Takahisa; Suzuki, Kenji*; Nishimura, Suguru*; Miura, Setsuo*; Kobayashi, Michiaki*

Materials Science Forum, 638-642, p.2476 - 2481, 2010/01