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McKinley, I. G.*; Masuda, Sumio*; Hardie, S. M. L.*; Umeki, Hiroyuki*; Naito, Morimasa; Takase, Hiroyasu*
Journal of Energy, 2018, p.7546158_1 - 7546158_8, 2018/07
The Japanese geological disposal programme for radioactive waste is based on a volunteering approach to siting, which places particular emphasis on the need for public acceptance. This emphasises the development of a repository project as a partnership with local communities and involves stakeholders in important decisions associated with key milestones in the selection of repository sites and subsequent construction, operation and closure. To date, however, repository concept development has proceeded in a more traditional manner, focusing particularly on ease of developing a post-closure safety case. In the current project, we have attempted to go further by assessing what requirements stakeholders would place on a repository and assessing how these could be used to re-think repository designs so that they meet the desires of the public without compromising critical operational or long-term safety.
Masuda, Sumio*; Kawamura, Hideki*; McKinley, I. G.*; Kitayama, Kazumi*; Umeki, Hiroyuki
Proceedings of Radioactive Waste Management; The Next Step: Confidence, Safety and Implementation, 8 Pages, 2006/06
Many of the "standard" designs for deep geological radwaste repositories were developed decades ago and have altered little since. Changing boundary conditions - both technical and socio-economic - are driving increasing interest in the consideration of alternatives, particularly for disposal of higher activity and longer-lived wastes. This was particularly the case in Japan, following the decision by NUMO to proceed with site selection based on a volunteering process. The work by NUMO to examine alternatives provides a good illustration of the range of possibilities which are available to allow flexible tailoring of design to fit both the characteristics of volunteer sites and the desires of local communities. On an even larger scale, however, the 21st century can be expected to bring challenges that will affect the future nuclear power generation at both national and global levels. As repository project are planned and implemented over timescales of many decades, such uncertainties should be taken into account to ensure that waste disposal projects initiated now remain appropriate to the future generations who will build, operate and close them.
Masuda, Sumio*; Kawamura, Hideki*; McKinley, I. G.*; Neall, F. B.*; Umeki, Hiroyuki
Proceedings of 11th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference (IHLRWM) (CD-ROM), p.507 - 514, 2006/00
There has been increasing international interest in repository designs, particularly for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) or spent fuel (SF), which maintain the option of ease of retrieval for long periods of time. Such delayed closure may be driven by either a need to slowly gain social acceptance or a desire to maintain the future option of reprocessing of spent fuel in view of the resurgence of interest in nuclear power. In either case, there are advantages in repository concepts which are specifically developed with this requirement in mind, rather than attempting to modify designs developed under different boundary conditions. The CARE concept is an example of such a design. In the present paper, the basic concept is outlined and examined with respect to optimisation of both operational and post-closure safety.
