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JAEA Reports

Enhancement of the methodology of repository design and post-closure performance assessment for preliminary investigation stage; Progress report on NUMO-JAEA collaborative research in FY2011 (Joint research)

Shibata, Masahiro; Sawada, Atsushi; Tachi, Yukio; Makino, Hitoshi; Hayano, Akira; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Taniguchi, Naoki; Oda, Chie; Kitamura, Akira; Osawa, Hideaki; et al.

JAEA-Research 2012-032, 298 Pages, 2012/09

JAEA-Research-2012-032.pdf:33.68MB

JAEA and NUMO have conducted a collaborative research work which is designed to enhance the methodology of repository design and performance assessment in preliminary investigation phase. The topics and the conducted research are follows; (1) Study on selection of host rock: in terms of hydraulic properties, items for assessing rock property, and assessment methodology of groundwater travel time has been organized with interaction from site investigation. (2) Study on development of scenario: the existing approach has been embodied, in addition, the phenomenological understanding regarding dissolution of and nuclide release from vitrified waste, corrosion of the overpack, long-term performance of the buffer are summarized. (3) Study on setting nuclide migration parameters: the approach for parameter setting has been improved for sorption and diffusion coefficient of buffer/rock, and applied and tested for parameter setting of key radionuclides. (4) Study on ensuring quality of knowledge: framework for ensuring quality of knowledge has been studied and examined aimed at the likely disposal facility condition.

JAEA Reports

Information basis for developing comprehensive waste management system; US-Japan Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan Waste Management Working Group Phase I report (Joint research)

Yui, Mikazu; Ishikawa, Hirohisa; Watanabe, Atsuo*; Yoshino, Kyoji*; Umeki, Hiroyuki; Hioki, Kazumasa; Naito, Morimasa; Seo, Toshihiro; Makino, Hitoshi; Oda, Chie; et al.

JAEA-Research 2010-015, 106 Pages, 2010/05

JAEA-Research-2010-015.pdf:13.58MB

This report summarizes the activity of Phase I of Waste Management Working Group of the United States - Japan Joint Nuclear Energy Action Plan started in 2007. The working group focused on consolidation of the existing technical basis between the U.S. and Japan and the joint development of a plan for future collaborative activities. Firstly, the political/regulatory frameworks related to nuclear fuel cycles in both countries were reviewed. The various advanced fuel cycle scenarios in both countries were surveyed and summarized. Secondly, the waste management/disposal system optimization was discussed. Repository system concepts for the various classifications of nuclear waste were reviewed and summarized, then disposal system optimization processes and techniques were reviewed, and factors to consider in future repository design optimization activities were also discussed. Finally the potential collaboration areas and activities related to the optimization problem were extracted.

JAEA Reports

Study on the corrosion assessment of overpack welds, 4 (Joint research)

Yokoyama, Yutaka*; Mitsui, Hiroyuki*; Takahashi, Rieko; Taniguchi, Naoki; Asano, Hidekazu*; Naito, Morimasa; Yui, Mikazu

JAEA-Research 2008-072, 232 Pages, 2008/10

JAEA-Research-2008-072.pdf:45.2MB

It is possible that the corrosion resistance at the overpack welds is different from that at base metal due to the differences of material properties. In this study, corrosion behavior of welded joint for carbon steel was compared with base metal using the specimens taken from welded joint model fabricated by TIG (Tungsten Arc Welding, GTAW), MAG (Gas Metal Arc Welding, GMAW) and EBW (Electron Beam Welding) respectively. The results of these corrosion tests indicated that the corrosion resistance to general corrosion, pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion at welded metal of TIG and MAG was inferior to base metal. No deterioration of corrosion resistance was observed in any corrosion modes for EBW, which does not need filler material. Neither the base metals nor the welds is not susceptible to SCC under the carbonate concentration near that of the disposal environment.

JAEA Reports

Study on the corrosion assessment of overpack welds, 3 (Joint research)

Mitsui, Hiroyuki*; Takahashi, Rieko*; Taniguchi, Naoki; Otsuki, Akiyoshi*; Asano, Hidekazu*; Yui, Mikazu

JAEA-Research 2006-080, 322 Pages, 2006/12

JAEA-Research-2006-080.pdf:90.52MB

There is some possibility that the corrosion resistance of overpack welds is different from that of base metal due to the differences of material properties. In this study, corrosion behavior of welded joint for carbon steel was compared with base metal using the specimens taken from welded joint model fabricated by TIG, MAG and EBW respectively. The corrosion tests were performed for following four items. (1) Passivation behavior and corrosion type, (2) Propagation of general corrosion, pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion under aerobic condition, (3) Stress corrosion cracking susceptibility, (4) Propagation of general corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement under anaerobic condition. The results of these corrosion tests indicated that the corrosion resistance of welded metal by TIG and MAG was inferior to base metal for general corrosion, pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion. It was implied that the filler materials used for welding affected the corrosion resistance. No deterioration of corrosion resistance was observed in any corrosion modes for EBW, which does not need filler material. The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of welded metal and heat affected zone was lower than that of base metal.

Journal Articles

Progress of R&D on geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in Japan

Ishikawa, Hirohisa; Igarashi, Hiroshi; Umeki, Hiroyuki; Shimizu, Kazuhiko; Miyahara, Kaname; Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Mitsui, Seiichiro

Proceedings of 6th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PacRim6) (CD-ROM), 17 Pages, 2006/09

Final disposal of high-level radioactive waste is essential issue to utilize nuclear energy. JNC has promoted the research and development on disposal technology to contribute to the implementation and safety regulation in the implementation phase after the legislation of the Act on final disposal. The field of the R&D covers geological environment, engineering of geological disposal and performance assessment. As to the two underground laboratories (URLs), surface-based investigations have been carried out and the constructions of both have already started. On the basis of these investigations, geologic environmental models have been developed. The study on natural phenomena such as volcanism and faulting has been conducted. In the above ground research facilities, the development of advanced models, databases for the long-term evolution of the near-field and engineering technologies has been carried out. In terms of safety assessment methodologies, development of relevant databases and advanced safety assessment models and techniques has been carried out. The H17 report will be published in autumn 2005 for the studies conducted in the surface-based investigation phase at the URLs.

JAEA Reports

Study on the corrosion assessment of overpack welds, 2 (Joint research)

Mitsui, Hiroyuki*; Taniguchi, Naoki; Otsuki, Akiyoshi*; Kawakami, Susumu; Asano, Hidekazu*; Yui, Mikazu

JAEA-Research 2006-031, 88 Pages, 2006/06

JAEA-Research-2006-031.pdf:4.72MB

The corrosion experiments for welded carbon steel were planed to contribute to an assessment of long-term integrity of carbon steel overpack welds considering corrosion damage specific to overpack welds. Based on this plan, electrochemical tests for welded carbon steel using the samples welded by EBW and TIG were carried out, and the corrosion behavior of welded zone was compared with that of base metal. The results of anodic polarization tests in 0.01M and 0.1M carbonate aqueous solutions for base metal, heat affected zone and welded metal indicated that; -As for EBW, the anodic polarization curves were not affected by welding although the metallurgical structures vary with base metal, heat affected zone and welded metal. -As for TIG, the current density of welded metal was larger than that of base metal and of heat affected zone, and local dissolution with immediate increase in current density was observed in 0.01M-pH10 carbonate aqueous solution.

Journal Articles

Present status of JAERI X-ray beamline BL14B1, BL11XU

Konishi, Hiroyuki; Shiwaku, Hideaki; Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Mitsui, Takaya; Nishihata, Yasuo

SPring-8 Riyosha Joho, 4(5), p.4 - 8, 1999/09

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Study on stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of welded joint of carbon steel overpack

Mitsui, Hiroyuki*; Takahashi, Rieko*; Otsuki, Akiyoshi*; Asano, Hidekazu*; Taniguchi, Naoki; Yui, Mikazu

no journal, , 

The slow strain rate tests(SSRT) of carbon steel were performed in sodium carbonate-sodium-bicarbonate aqueous solution to acquire knowlwdges regarding susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of welded joint of carbon steel overpack for high-level radioiactive waste disposal. The specimens were taken from thick cylindrical sample welded by TIG and EBW, and then SSRT tests were applied to the each of specimens of base metal, heat affected zone and welded metal. Based on the results, the susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of welded joint of carbon steel overpack was evaluated.

Oral presentation

Corrosion behavior of the weld zone of carbon steel overpack for HLW final disposal

Yokoyama, Yutaka*; Mitsui, Hiroyuki*; Takahashi, Rieko*; Otsuki, Akiyoshi*; Asano, Hidekazu*; Taniguchi, Naoki; Yui, Mikazu

no journal, , 

In Japan, carbon steel is one of the candidate materials for the disposal container (overpack) for high-level radioactive waste (HLW). Overpack seals vitrified waste and is required to isolate it from contact with groundwater for 1,000 years in Japan's waste management program. After overpack is placed in a deep underground repository, it is presumed that it will be exposed to environmental conditions which include lithospheric pressure from bedrock, hydrostatic pressure from groundwater and swelling pressure of the buffer material as mechanical forces and contact with groundwater as chemical conditions that may induce corrosion. Therefore, the wall thickness of overpack is designed with consideration for mechanical strength and corrosion property so that it can maintain its integrity for 1000 years. On the other hand, the overpack is enclosed by welding. With regard to the assessment of the applicability of welding techniques to the overpack, it is important to confirm the long-term integrity of the weld joint from the aspects of mechanical strength and corrosion property, too. In this study, the corrosion behavior of weld joints, which were provided by TIG (GTAW), MAG (GMAW) and EBW (Electron Beam Welding), was investigated by immersion tests under the aerobic conditions considering environment at the early stage of the repository.

Oral presentation

Development of waste disposal system for sustainable nuclear power programme, 3; Development of exploratory performance assessment methodology

Honda, Akira; Miyahara, Kaname; Makino, Hitoshi; Oda, Chie; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Umeki, Hiroyuki; Takase, Hiroyasu*

no journal, , 

Authers defined a process, in which the subjects for affecting the credibility of safety cases were explored, the subjects are defined as problems in the performnce assessment and the measures for solving the problems are proposed, as an "Exploratory Performance Assessment". The methodology of "Exploratory Performance Assessment" was introduced by showing an example relevant to the near field performance.

Oral presentation

Corrosion behavior of simulated HLW glass in seawater

Omori, Hiroyuki; Maeda, Toshikatsu; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Bamba, Tsunetaka

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Corrosion behavior of P0798 type simulated HLW glass in the presence of magnesium ion

Maeda, Toshikatsu; Omori, Hiroyuki; Mitsui, Seiichiro

no journal, , 

Static leach tests were conducted for P0798 type simulated HLW glass in magnesium chloride solution to investigate the effects of Mg ion on the glass corrosion. The glass corroded at higher rate under the condition that Mg ion exists in the leachate, while the rate dropped after the depletion of Mg ion in the leachate. Surface analyses showed that altered layer including Mg and Si was observed at the surface of the leached glass. The present results implied that corrosion of the glass with the higher rate occurred as dissolution of Si from the glass network accompanied with formation of magnesium silicates. Corrosion rate of the HLW glass would be low for long-term if cations forming silicate compounds are scarce in groundwater.

Oral presentation

Corrosion behavior of carbon steel in bentonite-silica sand mixtures under a wide range of environmental conditions

Suzuki, Hiroyuki*; Kitayama, Ayami; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Taniguchi, Naoki

no journal, , 

The environmental conditions around carbon steel overpacks in geological disposal are expected to be diverse cases depending on geological environment of the repository and may also vary depending on changes in conditions after repository closure. In this study, with the aim of understanding corrosion behavior under such environmental conditions, immersion tests with different conditions were conducted in bentonite/silica sando mixture assuming a buffer material to be constructed around the overpack under a wide range of conditions, including temperature and water quality beyond the assumed range of conventional environmental conditions, and the effects on corrosion behavior were evaluated.

Oral presentation

In-situ corrosion test of carbon steel overpacks at Horonobe Underground Research Facility

Taniguchi, Naoki; Kitayama, Ayami; Kawasaki, Manabu*; Nakayama, Masashi; Ono, Hirokazu; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Suzuki, Hiroyuki*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Effect of bicarbonate ions on the cathodic reaction of copper electrodes in fresh groundwater environments

Miyoshi, Yuma*; Inoue, Hiroyuki*; Mitsui, Seiichiro; Dobashi, Ryuta*

no journal, , 

In Japan, research and studies on direct disposal of spent fuel as an alternative disposal option are underway in order to secure a wide range of options. For direct disposal, a copper-carbon steel composite vessel covered with pure copper, which is expected to provide longer confinement, has been considered in consideration of the time required for sufficient attenuation of C-14, one of the dominant radionuclides in the safety assessment. In this study, the effect of HCO$$_{3}$$$$^{-}$$ on the cathodic reaction of pure copper in a fresh groundwater environment with a low oxygen atmosphere was investigated. From the results of polarization measurements using pure copper as a test electrode, it was inferred that HCO$$_{3}$$$$^{-}$$ promotes the cathodic reaction, which is a hydrogen evolution reaction using H$$^{+}$$ as an oxidant, by buffering the pH change at the electrode interface in the relatively low current density range, which is assumed to be the cathodic current of corrosion. It is unlikely that HCO$$_{3}$$$$^{-}$$ acts directly as an oxidant in the cathodic reaction of corrosion. The hydrogen evolution reaction rate on the pure copper surface is relatively low in comparison with the polarization measurements on pure iron and platinum.

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