Behavior of NbSn cable assembled with conduit for ITER central solenoid

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Suwa, Tomone; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Sakurai, Takeru; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(3), p.4200305_1 - 4200305_5, 2015/06

https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2014.2360562

Investigation of a LiCl-KCl-UCl system using a combination of X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analyses

Nakayoshi, Akira; Kitawaki, Shinichi; Fukushima, Mineo; Murakami, Tsuyoshi*; Kurata, Masaki

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 441(1-3), p.468 - 472, 2013/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.06.019

Electrorefining is one of the main steps of pyroreprocessing where spent nuclear fuels are recycled. Electrorefining is conducted in a molten salt of LiCl-KCl eutectic (59:41 mol%) containing actinide chlorides (AnCl) at 773 K. In order to operate and maintain the electrorefiner, it is necessary to accumulate fundamental data on LiCl-KCl-AnCl salt such as the melting point. In this study, based on X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, a partial phase diagram of (LiCl-KCl)eut.-UCl pseudo-binary system and partial phase diagram of LiCl-KCl-UCl system were developed, which UCl concentration was up to 20 mol%.

Effects of particle irradiations on vortex states in iron-based superconductors

Tamegai, Tsuyoshi*; Taen, Toshihiro*; Yagyuda, Hidenori*; Tsuchiya, Yuji*; Mohan, S.*; Taniguchi, Tomotaka*; Nakajima, Yasuyuki*; Okayasu, Satoru; Sasase, Masato*; Kitamura, Hisashi*; et al.

Superconductor Science and Technology, 25(8), p.084008_1 - 084008_14, 2012/08

https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/25/8/084008

Various kinds of energetic particles are irradiated into iron-based superconductors, and their effects on the critical current density and vortex dynamics have been systematically studied. It is found that is enhanced and vortex dynamics is strongly suppressed by energetic particles having a sufficient energy deposition rate, similar to the case of high temperature cuprate superconductors. The enhancement of , in general, persists up to much higher irradiation doses than in cuprates. However, details of the effect of irradiation depend on the kind of ion species and their energies. Even with the same ions and energies, the effect is not universal for different kinds of iron-based superconductors. The correlated nature of defects created by heavy-ion irradiation is confirmed by the angular dependence of irreversible magnetization.

Anodic behaviour of a metallic U-Pu-Zr alloy during electrorefining process

Murakami, Tsuyoshi*; Sakamura, Yoshiharu*; Akiyama, Naoyuki*; Kitawaki, Shinichi; Nakayoshi, Akira; Fukushima, Mineo

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 414(2), p.194 - 199, 2011/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.03.009

An electrorefining is one of the main steps of pyrochemical reprocessing of spent metallic fuels (U-Zr, U-Pu-Zr). The electrorefining is carried out dissolving a portion of Zr together with actinides to accomplish a high dissolution ratio of actinides. However, the electrorefining with Zr co-dissolution should bring some practical problems in the pyrochemical reprocessing. Therefore, electrorefining tests of non-irradiated U-Pu-Zr alloy were performed with minimizing the amount of Zr dissolved in LiCl-KCl-(U, Pu, Am)Cl melts at 773 K. The tests were performed both by potentiostatic electrolysis at -1.0 V (Ag/Ag) that was more negative than the Zr dissolution potential and by galvanostatic electrolysis with a limited amount of Zr dissolution. The ICP-AES analysis of the anode residues confirmed that a high dissolution ratio of actinides (U; 99.6%, Pu; 99.9%) was successfully demonstrated at both electrolyses.

Observation of ion cyclotron emission owing to DD fusion product H ions in JT-60U

Sato, Shoichi*; Ichimura, Makoto*; Yamaguchi, Yusuke*; Katano, Makoto*; Imai, Yasutaka*; Murakami, Tatsuya*; Miyake, Yuichiro*; Yokoyama, Takuro*; Moriyama, Shinichi; Kobayashi, Takayuki; et al.

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 5, p.S2067_1 - S2067_4, 2010/12

https://doi.org/10.1585/pfr.5.S2067

Ion cyclotron emissions (ICEs) due to deuterium-deuterium fusion-product (FP) ions on JT-60U are studied. ICE due to H-ions is identified from the difference of the toroidal wave number of 2nd ICE(D). The parameter dependence for the appearance of ICE(H) is investigated from the experimental conditions and also is studied by using "Escape Particle Orbit analysis Code (EPOC)".

Growth of large protein crystals by a large-scale hanging-drop method

Kakinouchi, Keisuke*; Nakamura, Tsutomu*; Tamada, Taro; Adachi, Hiroaki*; Sugiyama, Shigeru*; Maruyama, Mihoko*; Takahashi, Yoshinori*; Takano, Kazufumi*; Murakami, Satoshi*; Inoue, Tsuyoshi*; et al.

Journal of Applied Crystallography, 43(4), p.937 - 939, 2010/08

https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889810015967

A method for growing large protein crystals is described. In this method, a cut pipette tip is used to hang large-scale droplets (maximum volume 200 l) consisting of protein and precipitating agents. A crystal grows at the vapor-liquid interface; thereafter the grown crystal can be retrieved by droplet-droplet contact both for repeated macroseeding and for mounting crystals in a capillary. Crystallization experiments with peroxiredoxin of K1(thioredoxin peroxidase, ApTPx) and hen egg white lysozyme demonstrated that this large-scale hanging-drop method could produce a large-volume crystal very effectively. A neutron diffraction experiment confirmed that an ApTPx crystal (6.2 mm) obtained by this method diffracted to beyond 3.5 resolution.

Crystal growth procedure of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor KNI-272 complex for neutron structural analysis at 1.9 resolution

Shimizu, Noriko*; Sugiyama, Shigeru*; Maruyama, Mihoko*; Takahashi, Yoshinori*; Adachi, Motoyasu; Tamada, Taro; Hidaka, Koshi*; Hayashi, Yoshio*; Kimura, Toru*; Kiso, Yoshiaki*; et al.

Crystal Growth & Design, 10(7), p.2990 - 2994, 2010/06

https://doi.org/10.1021/cg100054s

We report crystal growth of human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease (HIV PR) in a complex with its inhibitor KNI-272 by six different methods. Comparative analysis indicates that top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) and TSSG combined with the floating and stirring technique (TSSG-FAST) are efficient strategies for rapidly obtaining large single crystals and effectively preventing polycrystallization of the seed crystal. Neutron diffraction analysis confirmed that the crystalobtained by TSSG is a high-quality single crystal. Furthermore, crystal shape was observed to be influenced by solution flow, suggesting that the degree of supersaturation significantly affects the crystal growth direction of HIV PR complex. This finding implies that the shape of the HIV PR complex crystal might be controlled by the solution flow rate.

Experimental investigation of particle pinch associated with turbulence in LHD heliotron and JT-60U tokamak plasmas

Tanaka, Kenji*; Takenaga, Hidenobu; Muraoka, Katsunori*; Michael, C.*; Vyacheslavov, L. N.*; Yokoyama, Masayuki*; Yamada, Hiroshi*; Oyama, Naoyuki; Urano, Hajime; Kamada, Yutaka; et al.

Proceedings of 22nd IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2008) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2008/10

http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/FEC/FEC2008/html/node226.htm#48899

Comparative studies were carried out in LHD heliotron and JT-60U tokamak plasmas to elucidate the most essential parameter(s) for control of density profiles in toroidal systems. A difference in the collisionality dependence was found between the two devices. In LHD, the density peaking factor decreased with decrease of the collisionality at the magnetic axis position (R) 3.6 m, while the density peaking factor gradually increased with a decreased of collisionality at R = 3.5 m. On the other hand, in JT-60U, the density peaking factor clearly increased with a decrease of the collisionality. The difference in the collisionality dependence between R = 3.5 and R = 3.6 m is likely due to the contribution of the anomalous transport. At R = 3.5 m, larger anomalous transport caused a similar collisionality dependence. Change of the fluctuation property was observed with different density profiles in the plasma core region on both devices. In JT-60U, the increase of the radial coherence was observed with higher density peaking profile suggesting enhanced diffusion and inward directed pinch. For a magnetic axis positions (R) at 3.6 m in LHD, the increase of the fluctuation power with an increase in P was observed for a hollow density profile suggesting an increase on diffusion due to anomalous processes. Change of density profiles from peaked to hollow indicates change in the convection direction. This is due to increase in neoclassical processes. The reduction of the density peaking factor with increase of P in LHD is partly due to the neoclassical effect and partly due to the anomalous effect.

Coherent X-ray diffraction for domain observation

Owada, Kenji; Namikawa, Kazumichi; Mizuki, Junichiro; Shimomura, Susumu*; Nakao, Hironori*; Ito, Kazuki*; Matsushita, Mitsuyoshi*; Yoneda, Yasuhiro; Murakami, Yoichi*; Hirota, Kazuma*

Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan, 32(1), p.7 - 10, 2007/03

An X-ray speckle pattern well reflects a particle or domain alignment on the inside of materials. Detecting the alignment is important for understanding a function of the materials such as ferroelectric, piezoelectric materials, photonic crystals and so on. We have thus constructed the apparatus for coherent X-ray diffraction at BL22XU@SPring-8, high quality slits for obtaining the full coherent X-ray beam, high resolution X-ray CCD camera for obtaining the well-resolved speckle pattern, and so on. By using the devices, we have successfully observed the speckle pattern from CuAu, the ferroelectric material PZN-9%PT (91%Pb(ZnNb)O-9%PbTiO) and Sr-doped BaTiO. The 2DFFT image gives us a spatial autocorrelation function which includes the information of the arrangement of the domains in the crystal within micrometers scale.

Magnetic-field-induced transition in the lattice modulation of colossal magnetoelectric GdMnO and TbMnO compounds

Arima, Takahisa*; Goto, Tsuyoshi*; Yamazaki, Yuichi*; Miyasaka, Shigeki*; Ishii, Kenji; Tsubota, Masami; Inami, Toshiya; Murakami, Yoichi*; Tokura, Yoshinori*

Physical Review B, 72(10), p.100102_1 - 100102_4, 2005/09

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.100102

Single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements in strong magnetic fields have been performed for magnetoelectric compounds GdMnO and TbMnO. It has been found that the //a ferroelectric phase induced by the application of a magnetic field at low temperatures is characterized by commensurate lattice modulation along the orthorhombic axis with q=1/2 and q=1/4. The lattice modulation is ascribed to antiferromagnetic spin alignment with a modulation vector of (0 1/4 1). The change of the spin structure is directly correlated with the magnetic-field-induced electric phase transition, because any commensurate spin modulation with (0 1/4 1) should break glide planes normal to the axis of the distorted perovskite with the space group.